| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,857 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,397 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 41,545,164 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 18,760,202 |
نقش کاربری زمین و متغیرهای فیزیکی خاک در مقدار کربن آلی در عرصه‌های پخش سیلاب ایستگاه کوثر | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 34، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 133، دی 1400، صفحه 135-149 اصل مقاله (1.3 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmrj.2021.355443.1426 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد جواد روستا* 1؛ مجتبی پاک پرور2؛ سید مسعود سلیمان پور2؛ مریم عنایتی3 | ||
| 1دانشیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران | ||
| 3کارشناس ارشد بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌دلیل تأثیر ویژگی های خاک و نوع کاربری زمین بر مقدار ذخیره کربن در خاک و کاهش اثرهای منفی تغییر اقلیم، این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی‌کردن تأثیر ویژگی های فیزیکی خاک و نوع کاربری زمین بر مقدار کربن آلی خاک در عرصه های پخش سیلاب دشت گربایگان فسا (ایستگاه کوثر) در سال 1399 انجام شد. کاربری های بررسی‌شده جنگل دست کاشت آکاسیا (Acacia salicina Lindl.)، جنگل دست کاشت اوکالیپتوس (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.)، مرتع دست کاشت آتریپلکس (Atriplex lentiformis (Torr.) Wats.)، و مرتع طبیعی بود که همگی با پخش سیلاب آبیاری می شود. افزون براین، مرتع بی‌پخش سیلاب تیمار شاهد گرفته شد. با نمونه برداری در سه تکرار از عمق 30-0 سانتی متری خاکِ کاربری های گوناگون (15 نمونه مرکب) درصدهای شن، لای، رس و رطوبت اشباع خاک، جرم مخصوص ظاهری و حقیقی، درصد تخلخل، نسبت پوکی و مقدار کربن آلی سنجیده شد. داده ها در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی تحلیل آماری شد، و میانگین ها با آزمون دانکن در تراز 5% مقایسه شد. نتیجه‌ی تحلیل پراش داده ها نشان داد که از میان متغیرهای بررسی شده، تأثیر تیمار کاربری زمین بر درصد شن، لای، لای+رس، رطوبت اشباع، و تخلخل، جرم مخصوص ظاهری، و نسبت پوکی و کربن آلی در تراز 1%، و بر درصد رس در تراز 5% معنی دار شد. مقایسه میانگین کربن آلی در کاربری های گوناگون نشان داد که در جنگل اوکالیپتوس با 1/68 % بیش‌ترین، و در کاربری شاهد با 0/14 % کمترین است. تفاوت آماری درصد کربن آلی در کاربری آکاسیا با آتریپلکس و مرتع معنی دار نشد. برای دست‌یافتن به مدل روش وایازی گام‌به‌گام به‌کار برده‌شد. ویژگی های فیزیکی خاک و نوع کاربری متغیرهای مستقل، و مقدار کربن آلی متغیر وابسته گرفته شد. نتیجه نشان داد که لای 77/0 % از تغییر کربن آلی را توجیه می کند. بر پایه‌ی روش تجزیه به مؤلفه های اصلی، با در نظر گرفتن دو محور اول حدود 91/70 % از تغییر توجیه‌پذیر بود، به طوری که محور اول 69/71 % و محور دوم 22/91 % از تغییر را توجیه کرد. نوع کاربری 91/40 %، شن 84/30 %، و جرم مخصوص ظاهری 82/70 % با کربن آلی همبستگی منفی نشان داد، در حالی که رطوبت اشباع 90/30 %، لای+رس 84/80 %، تخلخل 80/70 %، نسبت پوکی 79/10 %، لای 78/50 %، و رس 78/50 % با کربن آلی خاک همبستگی مثبت نشان داد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ایستگاه کوثر؛ پخش سیلاب؛ کربن آلی؛ مدل ذخیره کربن؛ ویژگی های فیزیکی خاک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Role of Land Use and Physical Properties on Soil Organic Carbon in the Flood Spreading Fields of Kowsar Station | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Javad Rousta1؛ Mojtaba Pakparvar2؛ Seyed Masoud Soleimanpour2؛ Maryam Enayati3 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran | ||
| 3M.Sc., Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Soil properties and land use affect the soil carbon content and reduce the adverse effects of climate change. This study aims to assess the effect of some physical properties of soil and land use on the amount of soil organic carbon content (SOC) and model development to estimate the amount of SOC. This investigation was carried out in 2020 in the areas of flood spreading in of Fasa (Kowsar station). Land uses included acacia (Acacia salicina Lindl.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.), atriplex (Atriplex lentiformis (Torr.) Wats.) plantation, and natural rangeland, all of which are irrigated by flood spreading. By sampling in three replications of the soil of different land uses from the depth of 0-30 cm (15 composite samples), percentage of sand, silt, clay, silt+clay, percentage of soil saturation moisture (SP), bulk density (BD), particle density (PD), porosity percentage (PS), void ratio (VR) and SOC were determined. Obtained data were statistically analyzed in a complete randomized design and the means were compared with the Duncan test at P<0.05. The analysis of variance showed that the effect of land use (PT) on the percentage of sand, silt, silt + clay, SP, BD, PS, VR, and SOC has been significant at P<0.01, and the clay, at P<0.05. Comparison of the means of SOC in different land uses showed that the Eucalyptus forest, with 1.68%, has the highest value and the control with 0.14% organic carbon has the lowest value. There was no statistically significant difference between the SOC in Acacia forest, Atriplex, and rangeland. Stepwise regression analysis was used to present the model. Soil physical properties and land use were considered as independent variables and SOC was considered as a dependent variable. The results showed that the variable of silt explains 77.00% of the changes in organic carbon. Based on the principal component analysis (PCA) method, according to the specific values, considering the first two axes, about 91.70% of the changes can be explained. Considering the first axis, 69.71% and considering the second axis, 21.99% of the changes are justifiable. The PT, with 91.40%, sand with 84.30%, BD, 82.70%, showed a negative correlation with SOC. While the SP had 90.30%, percentage of clay+silt had 84.80%, PS, 80.70%, VR, 79.10%, silt, 78.50%, clay, 78.50%, had a positive correlation with SOC. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Carbon stock model, flood spreading, Kowsar Station, organic carbon, soil physical properties | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ahmadi Ilkhchi A, Hagabbasi MA, Jalalian A. 2002. The effect of changing the use of rangeland lands to forestry on runoff production, loss and soil quality in Dorahan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari region. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Sciences (Agricultural Science and Technology and Natural Resources), 6 (4): 116–103. (In Persian). Arunrat N, Pumijumnong N, Sereenonchai S, Chareonwong U. 2020. Factors controlling soil organic carbon sequestration of highland agricultural areas in the Mae Chaem Basin, Northern Thailand. Agronomy, 10:1–23. Azadi Rimaleh A, Hojati SM, Jalilvand H, Naghavi H. 2014. Investigation on soil carbon sequestration and understory biodiversity of hard wood and soft wood plantations of Khoramabad City (Makhamalkoh Site). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 21(4): 702–715. (In Persian). Barancikova G, Halas J, Guttekova M, Makovnikova J, Navakova M, Skalsky R, Tarasovicova Z. 2010. Application of Roth C model to predict soil organic carbon stock on agricultural soils of Slovakia. Soil and Water Research, 5(1): 1–9. Blake GR, Hartge KH. 1986. Bulk density. In: Klute, A. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part I. Physical and Mineralogical Methods, 9(1): 363–376. Conant RT. 2011. Sequestration through forestry and agriculture. Climatic Change, 2: 38–54. Dexter AR. 2004. Soil physical quality: Part I. Theory, effects of soil texture, density, and organic matter, and effects on root growth. Geoderma, 120(3–4): 201–214. Dinakaran J, Krishnayya NSR. 2008. Variations in type of vegetal cover and heterogeneity of soil organic carbon in affecting sink capacity of tropical soils. Current Science, 94(9): 1144–1150. Fernandez-Getino AP, Hernandez Z, Piedra Buena A, Almaendros G. 2010. Assessment of the effects of environmental factors on humification processes by derivative infrared spectroscopy and discriminant analysis. Geoderma, 158(3–4): 225–232. Foroozeh MR. 2006. Investigation of carbon sequestration of soil and mass outpatient species of dominant plants in the distribution area of Gareh Bygone, Fasa. Master's Thesis in Agricultural Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 75 p. (In Persian). Funseca RMF. 2003. Dam reservoir sediments as fertilizers and artificial soils, case studies from Portugal and Brazil. Proc. International Symp. of the Kanazawa Univ., Japan. Ghahari GR. 2019. Vegetation monitoring of Kowsar research aquifer management station, Annual report of research project, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, 55 p. (In Persian). Ghasemi A, Heydari H, Fakhri F, Azadfar D, Sadeghi SM. 2009. Evaluation of the effect of flood spreading on some arid zone plants species with respect to the physico-chemical properties of desert soils A case study, Bushehr province). Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research, 16(3): 362–374. (In Persian). Ghoreyshi R, Goly Kalanpa A, Moatamedi J, Keivan Behjou F. 2013. Carbon Sequestration Capacity in Rangeland Ecosystems and its Relation with Soil Physical and Chemical Characteristics in Rangelands of Khoy. Applied Soil Research, 1(2): 34–44. Haghian I, Salari A. 2018. Investigation of environmental factors controlling soil organic carbon in rangelands of arid regions (Case study: Yansi Region of Gonabad). Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, 25(3): 281–289. (In Persian). Hirst SM, Ibrahim AM. 1996. Effects of flood protection on soil fertility in a riverine floodplain area in Bangladesh. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal, 27: 119–156. Jacob H, Clarke G. 2002. Methods of soil analysis. Part 4, Physical Method, Soil Science Society of America, Inc, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. 1692 p. Kashi Zenouzi L, Banej Shafiee S, Jafari AA. 2016. Investigating the effect of some environmental factors on organic carbon in Zilber Chay watershed. Journal of Water and Soil Sciences, 20(76):207–218. (In Persian). Kaveh A, Mahdian MH, Parvizi Y, Sokouti Oskouei R, Masihabadi MH. 2015. Investigating effects of topography, soil and climate factors on soil organic carbon storage in drylands of Kermanshah Province. Desert Management, 4: 51–65. (In Persian). Kia Heirati J, Khademi H, Eslamian SS, Charkhabi AM. 2002. Role of deposited sediments in changing physic0-chemical properties of soils in the Moghar floodwater spreading system. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 9 (2): 27–40. (In Persian). Köchy M, Hiederer R, Freibauer A. 2015. Global distribution of soil organic carbon-Part1: Masses and frequency distributions of SOC stocks for the tropics, permafrost regions, wetlands, and the world. SOIL, 1: 351–365. Kolahchi N, Zahedi Amiri Gh, Khorasani N. 2008. Carbon sequestration in shrubs, perennial grasses and soil in closed range (Heidare) of Hamedan. Pajouhesh va Sazandegi, 21 (3): 18–25. (In Persian). Kowsar SA. 1991. Floodwater spreading for desertification control: an integrated approach. An Iranian contribution to the implementation of the plan of action to combat desertification, Desertification Control Bulletin, 19: 3–18. Kowsar SA. 1992. Desertification control through floodwater spreading in Iran. Unasylva, 168 (43): 27–30. Kowsar SA. 1997. Aquifer management: A key to food security in the deserts of Iran. Proceeding of 8th International. Conference on Rainwater Catchment Systems, Vol. 2, Tehran, Iran, pp. 990–996. (In Persian). Leifeld J, Bassin S, Fuhrer J. 2005. Carbon stocks in Swiss agricultural soils predicted by land-use, soil characteristics and altitude. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 105(1–2): 255–266. Mahdavi SK, Azaryan A, Javadi M, Mahmoodi J. 2016. Effects of flood spreading on some physic-chemical properties and soil fertility (Case study: Band-E Alikhan area, Varamin). Journal of Rangeland, 10(1): 68–81. (In Persian). McDowell RW, Sharpley AN. 2001. Approximating phosphorus release from soils to surface runoff and subsurface drainage. Journal of Environmental Quality, 30: 508–520. Mesbah SH. 2003. Investigation of the effect of flood spreading on quantitative and qualitative changes in vegetation cover Gareh Bygone of Fasa. Final Report of Research Project, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, 42 p. (In Persian). Mortenson M, Shuman GE. 2002. Carbon sequestration in rangeland inter seeded with yellow-flowering Alfalfa (Medicago sativa spp. Falcata). In: USDA symposium on natural resource management to offset greenhouse gas emission in University of Wyoming. Naderi A, Kowsar SA, Sarafraz AA. 2000. Reclamation of a sandy desert through floodwater spreading. I. sediment induced changes in selected soil chemical and physical properties. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2: 9–20. (In Persian), Nelson DW, Sommers LP. 1986. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter, p 539–579. In: Page, A.L. (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 2, Agronomy Handbook No 9, American Society of Agronomy and Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI. Oeba VO, Otor SCJ, Kung’u JB, Muchiri MN, Mahamane L. 2018. Soil carbon sequestration differentials among key forest plantation species in Kenya: Promising Opportunities for Sustainable Development Mechanism. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 7(3): 65–74. Pei T, Qin CHZ, Zhu AX, Yang L, Luo M, Li B, Zhou CH. 2010. Mapping soil organic matter using the topographic wetness index: A comparative study based on different flow-direction algorithms and kriging methods. Ecological Indicators, 10(3): 610–619. Perez-Bejarano A, Mataix-Solera J, Zornoza R, Guerrero C, Arcenegui V, Mataix Beneyto J, Cano-Amat S. 2010. Influence of plant species on physical, chemical and biological soil properties in a Mediterranean forest soil Cano-Amat. European Journal Forest Research, 129: 15–24. Post WM, Kwon KC. 2000. Soil carbon sequestration and land-use change: Processes and Potential. Global Change Biology, 6(3): 317–327. Puladi N, Delavar MA, Golchin A, Mosavi Koper A. 2013. Effect of alder and popular plantation on soil quality and carbon sequestration (a case study: Safrabasteh Popular Experimental Station). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 21(2): 286–299. (In Persian). Rahbar GhR, Kowsar SA. 2002. Investigation of some physical and chemical changes of soil in Gareh Bygone flood spreading networks, Proceedings of the workshop on the effect of flood spreading on soil properties in flood spreading station, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, 62 p. (In Persian). Rother JA, Whitton BA. 1989. Nitrogenous activity of blue-green algae on seasonally flooded soils in Bangladesh. Plant and Soil, 113: 47–52. Sadeghi A, Farahi HF. 1984. Semi-detailed soil science report of dahaneh-e-shoor, neishabour, Soil and Water Research Institute, Technical Publication, 39 p. Saiz G, Bird MI, Domingues T, Schrodt F, Schwarz M, Feldpausch TR, Veenendaal E, Djagbletey G, Hien F, Compaoré H. 2012. Variation in soil carbon stocks and their determinants across a precipitationgradient in West Africa.Glob. Chang. Biol, 18: 1670–1683. Sardabi H, Rahmani A, Hamze B, Assareh MH, Ghorany M. 2010. Impact of different Eucalypt species on forest soil properties in Guilan province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 18 (1): 116–131. (In Persian). Sarreshtehdari A, Skidmore AK. 2005. Soil properties changing after flood spreading project (Case study in Iran). ICID 21st European Regional Conference 2005. Frankfurt (Oder) and Slubice. Germany and Poland. pp. 489–490. Schiefer J, Lair GJ, Lühgens C, Wild EM, Steier P, Blum WEH. 2018. The increase of soil organic carbon as proposed by the “4/1000 initiative” is strongly limited by the status of soil development- A case study along a substrate age gradient in Central Europe. Sci. Total Environ 628–629: 840–847. Schlup CJE, Nabuurs GJ, Verburg PH. 2008. Future carbon sequestration in Europe – Effects of land use change. Agr. Ecosyst. Environ 127(3–4): 251–264. Scott NA, Kelvin R, Tate D, Giltrap HR, Wild M, Davis M. 2000. Land cover effects on soil carbon storage in New Zealand: A national monitoring system. Advances in terrestrial ecosystem Carbon in Ventory, measurement, and monitoring conference in Raleigh, North Carolina, October 3–5. Sheidai Karkaj E, Sepehry A, Barani H, Motamedi J. 2017. Soil organic carbon reserve relationship with some soil properties in East Azerbaijan rangelands. Journal of Rangeland, 11(2): 125–138. (In Persian). Singh G, Bala N, Chaudhuri KK, Meena RL. 2003. Carbon sequestration potential of common access resources in arid and semi-arid regions of northwestern India. Indian Forester, 129(7): 859–864. Six J, Conant RT, Paul EA, Paustian K. 2002. Stabilization mechanisms of soil organic matter: implications for C saturation of soils. Plant and Soil, 241(2):155–176. Soleimani R, Kamali K, Shafiee Z, Pirani A, Azami A. 2005. Changes in physical and chemical properties of soil due to flood spreading at mosian Ilam Station, Proceedings of the 9th Iranian Soil Science Congress, Karaj, Iran. (In Persian). Soukoti Oskoii R, Mahdian MH, Majidi A, Ahmadi A, Khani J. 2004. Examination of effect flood spreading on soil properties in Poldasht basine. Journal Pajouhesh va Sazandegi, 67:42–50. (In Persian). Stewart CE, Plante MF, Paustian K, Conant R, Six J. 2008. Soil carbon saturation: Linking concept and measurable carbon pools. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 72(2): 379–394. Wang Sh, Wang X, Ouyang Zh. 2012. Effects of land use, climate, topography and soil properties on regional soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in the upstream watershed of Miyun Reservoir, North China. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 24(3): 387–395. Wiesmeier M, Barthold F, Blank B, Kogel-Knabner I. 2011. Digital mapping of soil organic matter stocks using Random Forest modeling in a semi-arid steppe ecosystem. Plant and Soil, 340: 7–24. Yazdian AR, Kowsar SA. 2003. The Agha Jari Formation: A potential source of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen fertilizers. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 5: 153–163. Yeasmin S, Singh B, Johnston CT, Sparks DL. 2017. Organic carbon characteristics in density fractions of soils with contrasting mineralogies. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 218: 215–236. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 604 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 250 |
||