| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,108 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,650 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 49,787,349 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 80,145,987 |
معرفی سطح بهینه روشنههای تاجی برای زادآوری استقراریافته راش شرقی (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) در جنگلهای طبیعی و آمیخته هیرکانی | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| دوره 29، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 83، خرداد 1400، صفحه 41-52 اصل مقاله (302.4 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2021.351926.1957 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| علی اصغر واحدی* | ||
| استادیار، بخش تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| استقرار زادآوری درختان در ارتباط با انواع روشنهها و عوامل مرتبط به آنها مانند ویژگیهای فیزیوگرافی و درختان حاشیه، تضمینکننده پویایی و چرخه جایگشت در جنگلهای طبیعی است. هدف پژوهش پیشرو، تعیین سطح بهینه روشنهها در ارتباط با تغییرات تنوع گونهای درختان حاشیه و واحدهای فیزیوگرافی برای بررسی تراکم و ارتفاع زادآوری مستقر راش (Fagusorientalis Lipsky) در مراحل مختلف رویشی است. بدینمنظور، زادآوری مستقر درون روشنهها در قطعه شاهد سری سه در گلندرود نور، آماربرداری صددرصد شد و مساحت هر روشنه با استفاده از روش شعاعی اندازهگیری شد. پس از تفکیک طبقههای سطحی روشنهها، زادآوری استقراریافته درختان راش برمبنای قطر آنها به سه طبقه 3/1 تا 5/2 (نهال)، 5/2 تا پنج (خال) و بزرگتر از پنج سانتیمتر (پیشبهجا) تقسیمبندی شدند. تجزیهوتحلیل اطلاعات نشان داد که تغییرات تراکم هیچکدام از انواع زادآوری، رابطه معنیداری با تغییرات سطح روشنهها و عوامل مرتبط با آنها نداشتند، اما ارتفاع نهالها در ارتباط با واحدهای فیزیوگرافی و غنای گونهای درختان حاشیه بین طبقههای سطحی روشنهها، تغییرات معنیدار نشان داد. همچنین، ارتفاع خالگروهها تنها با متغیر سطح روشنه و ارتفاع پایههای پیشبهجا فقط با فراوانی درختان حاشیه روشنهها، همبستگی وارونه معنیدار داشتند (ضریبهای همبستگی بهترتیب 34/0- و 7/0-). نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که مساحت بهینه روشنهها برای استقرار انواع مراحل زادآوری راش با احتساب ویژگیهای فیزیوگرافی، غنای گونهای و فراوانی درختان حاشیه، شامل طبقههای سطحی کمتر از دو آر تا حداکثر 10 آر است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آشفتگیهای طبیعی؛ تنوع گونهای؛ درختان حاشیه روشنهها؛ زادآوری راش؛ واحدهای فیزیوگرافی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Introducing canopy gap optimum size for established regeneration of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) in the Hyrcanian mixed-forests | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A.A. Vahedi | ||
| Assistant Prof., Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Sari, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Establishment and growth of tree regeneration in association with the canopy gap (CG) and its related parameters such as topography and surrounding tree diversity guarantee turnover and dynamics of forest ecosystems. This research was conducted in the control parcel within the third district of Glandroud forests in Mazandaran province and aimed to clarify influences of gap area with respect to the species diversity of surrounding trees and physiography on the density and height responses for established regeneration of oriental beech (Fagusorientalis Lipsky) in various growth stages, in order to suggest an optimum gap size for the mentioned regenerations. After measuring and calculating area of each CG using radial method, the gap sizes were classified based on full census. The established regeneration was divided into three classes of 1.3–2.5 cm (saplings), 2.5–5 cm (thickets), and > 5 cm (pole- or advanced regenerations). Following statistical tests, results generally showed that the variation of density of saplings, thickets and poles was not significantly correlated with the CG size and other associated parameters. However, significant difference among the CG size classes was observed for height of saplings in relation with physiographic units and frequency of marginally surrounding trees. In addition, height of thickets and pole individuals were significantly affected by gap size and frequency of surrounding trees. The findings indicated that all CG size classes consisting of an area less than 200 m2 and the maximum area of 1000 m2 are the environmentally and ecologically optimum areas for beech regeneration based on establishment proportion of growth stages recruitment in the forest ecosystem, taking account of frequency of surrounding trees and physiographic units. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Beech regenerations, gap surrounding trees, natural disturbances, physiographic units, species diversity | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abrari Vajari, K., Jalilvand, H., Pourmajidian, M.R., Espahbodi, K. and Moshki, M., 2012. Effects of canopy gap size and ecological factors on species diversity and beech seedlings in managed beech stands in Hyrcanian forests. Journal of Forestry Research, 23(2): 217-222.
- Amanzadeh, B., Pourmajidian, M.R., Sagheb-Talebi, Kh. and Hojjati, S.M., 2015. Impact of canopy gap size on plant species diversity and composition in mixed stands, case study: Reserve Area, District No.3 Asalem forests. Journal of Forest and Wood Product, 68(2): 287-301 (In Persian).
- Barnes, B.V., Zak, D.R., Denton, S.R. and Spurr, S.H., 1998. Forest Ecology, 4th Edition. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 774p.
- Bolton, N.W. and D'Amato, A.W., 2011. Regeneration responses to gap size and coarse woody debris within natural disturbance-based silvicultural systems in northeastern Minnesota, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 262(7): 1215-122.
- Collins, R.J. and Carson, W.P., 2004. The effects of environment and life stage on Quercus abundance in the eastern deciduous forest, USA: are sapling densities most responsive to environmental gradients? Forest Ecology and Management, 201(2-3): 241-258.
- Garbarino, M., Borgono Mondinnno, E., Lingua, E., Nagel, T.A., Dukić, V., Govedar, Z. and Motta, R., 2012. Gap disturbances and regeneration patterns in a Bosnian old-growth forest: a multispectral remote sensing and ground-based approach. Annals of Forest Science, 69: 617-625.
- Gray, A.N. and Spies, T.A., 1996. Gap size, within-gap position and canopy structure effects on conifer seedling establishment. Journal of Ecology, 84(5): 635-645.
- Holeksa, J., Jaloviar, P., Kucbel, S., Saniga, M., Svoboda, M., Szewczyk, J., ... and Żywiec, M., 2017. Models of disturbance driven dynamics in the West Carpathian spruce forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 388: 79-89.
- Marvie Mohadjer, M.R., 2011. Silviculture. University of Tehran Press, Tehran, 418p (In Persian).
- Mesdaghi, M., 2006. Plant Ecology. Jahad-e Daneshgahi of Mashhad Press, Mashhad, 187p (In Persian).
- Mohammadi, L., Mohadjer, M.R.M., Etemad, V., Sefidi, K. and Nasiri, N., 2019. Natural regeneration within natural and man-made canopy gaps in Caspian natural beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forest, Northern Iran. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 39(1): 61-75.
- Namiranian, M., 2007. Measurement of Tree and Forest Biometry. University of Tehran Press, Tehran, 574p (In Persian).
- Nasiri, N., Marvie Mohadjer, M.R., Etemad, V., Sefidi, K., Mohammadi, L. and Gharehaghaji, M., 2018. Natural regeneration of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) trees in canopy gaps and under closed canopy in a forest in northern Iran. Journal of Forestry Research, 29: 1075-1081.
- Orman, O., Dobrowolska, D. and Szwagrzyk, J., 2018. 9/Gap regeneration patterns in Carpathian old-growth mixed beech forests – Interactive effects of spruce bark beetle canopy disturbance and deer herbivory. Forest Ecology and Management, 430: 451-459.
- Parhizkar, P., Sagheb-Talebi, Kh., Mataji, A., Nyland, R. and Namiranian, M., 2011. Silvicultural characteristics of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) regeneration under different RLI and positions within gaps. Forestry, 84(2): 177-185.
- Prévost, M. and Raymond, P., 2012. Effect of gap size, aspect and slope on available light and soil temperature after patch-selection cutting in yellow birch–conifer stands, Quebec, Canada. Forest Ecology and Management, 274: 210-221.
- Runkle, J.R., 1982. Patterns of disturbance in some old-growth mesic forests of eastern North America. Ecology, 63(5): 1533-1546.
- Sagheb-Talebi, Kh., Madsen, P. and Terazawa, K., 2004. Improvement and Silviculture of Beech: Proceedings of the 7th International Beech Symposium. IUFRO Research Group 1.10.00, 10-20 May 2004. Published by Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, 186p.
- Schliemann, S.A. and Bockheim, J.C., 2011. Methods for studying treefall gaps: A review. Forest Ecology and Management, 261(7): 1143-1151.
- Sefidi, K., Marvi Mohajer, M.R., Etemead, V. and Mozandel, R., 2015. Canopy gaps properties effect on regeneration of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) in the mixed beech stands. Journal of Natural Ecosystems of Iran, 5(2): 25-40 (In Persian).
- Sefidi, K., Marvie Mohadjer, M.R., Mosandl, R. and Copenheaver, C.A., 2011. Canopy gaps and regeneration in old-growth Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) stands, northern Iran. Forest Ecology and Management, 262(2): 1094-1099.
- Tinya, F., Márialigeti, S., Bidló, A. and Ódor, P., 2019. Environmental drivers of the forest regeneration in temperate mixed forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 433: 720-728.
- Vahedi, A.A., 2016. Simulating commercial biomass in the Hyrcanian mixed-beech stands. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 24(3): 451-462 (In Persian).
- Wagner, S., Collet, C., Madsen, P., Nakashizuka, T., Nyland, R.D. and Sagheb-Talebi, Kh., 2010. Beech regeneration research: From ecological to silvicultural aspects. Forest Ecology and Management, 259(11): 2172-2182.
- Wang, Z., Yang, H., Wang, D. and Zhao, Z., 2019. Spatial distribution and growth association of regeneration in gaps of Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) plantation in northern China. Forest Ecology and Management, 432: 387-399.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 749 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 453 |
||