| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,080 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,355 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 47,704,673 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 78,741,284 |
بررسی تداخل علف‌های هرز با عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد عدس دیم (Lens culinaris) تحت شرایط واقعی مزرعه | ||
| دانش علف‌های هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 17، شماره 1، فروردین 1400، صفحه 57-69 اصل مقاله (1.28 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijws.2020.128215.1354 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ناهید افندیده1؛ علیرضا باقری* 2؛ فرزاد مندنی3؛ حمیدرضا چقازردی3 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته اگرواکولوژی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
| 2گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران. | ||
| 3گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثر علفهایهرز روی عدس و تعیین مهم‌ترین آن‌ها، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 96-1395 در مزرعهای واقع در پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه انجام شد. سطوح آلودگی به علفهایهرز در قسمتهای مختلف مزرعه در یک طیف شش کلاسه طبقه‌بندی شد و نمونهبرداری در واحد متر مربع با استفاده از کوادرات یک متر مربعی و طی پنج مرحله در طول فصل رشد عدس انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در سطح آلودگی بیشتر از 50 درصد (بیشترین سطح آلودگی)، تعداد و وزن دانه، تعداد و وزن غلاف و وزن هزار دانه نسبت به سطح آلودگی کمتر از 10 درصد (کمترین سطح آلودگی)، به‌ترتیب 5/79، 7/81، 1/80، 4/85 و 5/13 کاهش یافت. نتایج مربوط به مدل‌های رگرسیونی نشان داد که حضور علفهایهرز در مراحل اول و چهارم نمونه برداری (30 و 60 روز پس از سبز شدن گیاه)، اثر معنی‌داری بر صفات عدس داشت. در مرحله اول نمونهبرداری، علفهایهرز پیچک (Convolvulus arvensis) و شیرپنیر (Galium aparine) به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین علفهایهرز مزرعه، دارای ضریب منفی و معنی‌دار بر تعداد غلاف (به‌ترتیب 3/12- و 4/11-)، وزن غلاف (به‌ترتیب 21/0- و 19/0-)، تعداد دانه (به‌ترتیب 25/12- و 20/12-) و وزن دانه (به‌ترتیب 62/0- و 59/0-) بودند. در مرحله چهارم نیز علف‌هرز شیرپنیر و کاهوی وحشی (Lactuca serriola)، دارای ضریب منفی و معنی‌داری بر تعداد غلاف (به‌ترتیب 65/11- و 23/2-)، تعداد دانه (به‌ترتیب 74/12- و 23/2-) و وزن دانه (62/0- و 11/0-) بودند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پیچک صحرایی؛ حبوبات؛ رقابت؛ شیرپنیر؛ کاهوی وحشی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating weed interferences with yield and yield components of dryland lentil (Lens culinaris L.) under field conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Nahid Afandideh1؛ Alireza Bagheri2؛ Farzad Mondani3؛ Hamisreza Chaghazardi3 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. | ||
| 3Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigate the effect of weeds on lentil, an experiment was conducted in the experimental farm of Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. The levels of weed infestation in different parts of the farm were classified into six classes from low to high. Sampling was performed using a 1m2 quadrate during the lentil growth season. The results showed that weed infestation levels greater than 50% (highest infestation level), seed number and weight, pod and weight and 1000-seed weight reduced 79.5%, 81.7%, 80.1%, 85.4% and 13.5% respectively in comparison with the weed infestation levels less than 10% (minimum infestation level). The results of stepwise regression models showed that the presence of weeds during the first (30 days after emergence) and fourth sampling stages (60 days after emergence) had a significant effect on different traits of lentil. In the first sampling stage, Convolvulus arvensis and Galium aparine were detected as the most important weeds with a significant negative coefficient on the number of pods (-12.3 and -11.4, respectively), pod weight (-0.21 and -0.19, respectively), seed number (-12.25 and -12.20, respectively) and seed weight (-0.62 and -0.59, respectively). In the fourth stage of sampling, G. aparine and Lactuca serriola had a significant negative coefficient on number of pods (-11.65 and -2.23, respectively), seed number (-12.74 and -2.23, respectively) and seed weight (-0.62 and -0.11) and were the most important weeds in the field. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cereals, competition, Convolvulus arvensis, dominant weed, Galium aparine, Lactuca serriola | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
منابع: Ahlawat, I., Singh, A. and Saraf, C. 1979. Studies on weed control in lentil. Lens Newsletter 6, 19-21. Ahmadi, A., RashedMohassel, M.H., Khazaei, H., Ghanbari, A., Ghorbani, R. and Mousavi, S.K. 2013 Study of weed flora of lentil farms (Lens culinaris). Khorramabad city. Iranian Crop Res. 11: 45-53. Al‐Thahabi, S., Yasin, J., Abu‐Irmaileh, B., Haddad, N. and Saxena, M. 1994. Effect of weed removal on productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris Med.) in a Mediterranean environment. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 172: 333-341. Blackshaw, R.E., O’Donovan, J.T., Harker, K.N. and Li, X. 2002. Beyond herbicides: New approaches to managing weeds. Proceedings of the International Conference on Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture for Dry Areas, 305-312. Burnside, O.C., Wiens, M.J., Holder, B.J., Weisberg, S., Ristau, E.A., Johnson, M.M. and Cameron, J.H. 1998. Critical periods for weed control in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Weed Sci. 301-306. Cessna, A.J. 1998. Metribuzin residues in lentil following postemergence application. Canadian J. Plant Sci. 78: 167-169. Combellack, J.H. and Friesen, G. 1992. Summary of outcomes and recommendations from the First International Weed Control Congress. Weed Technol. 6: 1043-1058. Cressman, S.T., Page, E.R. and Swanton, C.J. 2011. Weeds and the red to far-red ratio of reflected light: Characterizing the influence of herbicide selection, dose, and weed species. Weed Sci. 59: 424-430. Degennaro, F.P. and Weller, S.C. 1984. Growth and reproductive characteristics of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) biotypes. Weed Sci. 32: 525-528. Derksen, D.A., Anderson, R.L., Blackshaw, R.E. and Maxwell, B. 2002. Weed dynamics and management strategies for cropping systems in the northern Great Plains. Agron. J. 94: 174-185. Egli, D.B. 1994. Mechanisms responsible for soybean yield response to equidistant planting patterns. Agron. J. 86: 1046-1049. Elkoca, E., Kantar, F. and Zengin, H. 2004. Effects of chemical and agronomical weed control treatments on weed density, yield and yield parameters of lentil (Lens culinaris L. Cv. Erzurum-89). Asian J. Plant Sci. 3: 187-192. Elkoca, E., Kantar, F. and Zengin, H. 2005. Weed control in lentil (Lens culinaris) in eastern Turkey. New Zealand J. Crop Hortic. Sci. 33: 223-231. Erman, M., Tepe, I., Buuml, B., Yergin, R. and Taşkesen, M. 2008. Critical period of weed control in winter lentil under non-irrigated conditions in Turkey. African J. Agric. Res. 3: 523-530. Erman, M., Tepe, I., Yazlik, A., Levent, R. and Ipek, K. 2004. Effect of weed control treatments on weeds, seed yield, yield components and nodulation in winter lentil. Weed Res. 44; 305-312. Everman, W.J., Clewis, S.B., Thomas, W.E., Burke, I.C. and Wilcut, J.W. 2008. Critical period of weed interference in peanut. Weed Technol. 22: 63-67. FAOSTAT, F. 2017. Available online: http://www. fao. org/faostat/en/# data. QC (accessed on January 2018). Fedoruk, L., Johnson, E. and Shirtliffe, S. 2011. The critical period of weed control for lentil in Western Canada. Weed Sci. 59; 517-526. Flynn, D.F., Gogol‐Prokurat, M., Nogeire, T., Molinari, N., Richers, B.T., Lin, B.B., Simpson, N., Mayfield, M.M. and DeClerck, F. 2009. Loss of functional diversity under land use intensification across multiple taxa. Ecol. Lett. 12: 22-33. Karimmojeni, H., Rahimian Mashhadi, H., Alizadeh, H., Cousens, R.D. and Beheshtian Mesgaran, M. 2010. Interference between maize and Xanthium strumarium or Datura stramonium. Weed Res. 50: 253-261. Karimmojeni, H., Yousefi, A.R., Kudsk, P. and Bazrafshan, A.H. 2015. Broadleaf weed control in winter-sown lentil (Lens culinaris). Weed Technol. 29: 56-62. Knezevic, S.Z., Evans, S.P., Blankenship, E.E., Van Acker, R.C. and Lindquist, J.L. 2002. Critical period for weed control: the concept and data analysis. Weed Sci. 50: 773-786. Kraska, P., Andruszczak, S., Kwiecińska-Poppe, E., Staniak, M., Różyło, K. and Rusecki, H. 2020. Supporting crop and different row spacing as factors influencing weed infestation in lentil crop and seed yield under organic farming conditions. Agron. 10: 9. Lebeda, A., Dolezalová, I., Feráková, V. and Astley, D. 2004. Geographical distribution of wildLactuca species (Asteraceae, Lactuceae). Bot. Rev. 70: 328. Lebeda, A., Doležalová, I., Křístková, E., Dehmer, K., Astley, D., Van de Wiel, C. and Van Treuren, R.J. 2007. Acquisition and ecological characterization of Lactuca serriola L. germplasm collected in the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and United Kingdom. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 54: 555-562. Lenne, J.M. and Wood, D. 1991. Plant diseases and the use of wild germplasm. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol 29: 35-63. Maijani, S., Ghanbari, A. and Nasiri Mahalati, M. 2014. Investigating multi-species competition and seasonal dynamics of Weed population in corn field (Zea mays L.). J. Agroecol. 6: 444-452. Malek, M.F., Majnonhoseini, N. and Alizade, H. 2013. A survey on the effects of weed control treatments and plant density on lentil growth and yield. Electronic J. CROP Prod. 6(2): 135-148 Malik, N. and Born, W.V. 1988. The biology od Canadian weeds: 86. Galium aparine L. and Galium spurium L. Canadian J. Plant Sci. 68: 481-499. McGregor, R.L. and Barkley, T.M. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. University Press of Kansas. Mikulka, J. and Chodová, D. 2003. Germination and emergence of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola L.) and its susceptibility to selected herbicides. Plant Soil Environ. 49: 89-94. Mohamed, E., Nourai, A., Mohamed, G., Mohamed, M. and Saxena, M. 1997. Weeds and weed management in irrigated lentil in northern Sudan. Weed Res. 37: 211-218. Radosevich, S.R., Holt, J.S. and Ghersa, C.M. 2007. Ecology of weeds and invasive plants: Relationship to agriculture and natural resource management. Wiley Interscience. Rassam, G., Latifi, N., Soltani, A. and Kamkar, B. 2011. Impact of crop management on weed species diversity and community composition of winter wheat fields in Iran. Weed Biol. Manag. 11: 83-90. Saleheian, H., Ghanbari, A., Rahimian Mashhadi, H. and Magidi, A. 2003. Investigation of wheat and weed interference in field conditions. Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 1: 109-121. Saxena, M. and Wassimi, N. 1980. Crop-weed competition studies in lentils. Lens. 7: 55-57. Sit, A.K., Bhattacharya, M., Sarkar, B. and Arunachalam, V. 2007. Weed floristic composition in palm gardens in Plains of Eastern Himalayan region of West Bengal. Current Sci. 1434-1439. Song, J.S., Kim, J.W., Im, J.H., Lee, K.J., Lee, B.W. and Kim, D.S. 2017. The Effects of single and multiple weed interference on soybean yield in the far-eastern region of Russia. Weed Sci. 65: 371-380. Toler, J.E., Guice, J.B. and Murdock, E.C. 1996. Interference between johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), and soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 331-338. Turk, M. and Tawaha, A. 2003. Weed control in cereals in Jordan. Crop Prot. 22: 239-246. Van Acker, R.C., Swanton, C.J. and Weise, S.F. 1993. The critical period of weed control in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Weed Sci. 41: 194-200. Yadav, S.S., McNeil, D. and Stevenson, P.C. 2007. Lentil: An ancient crop for modern times. Springer. Yenish, J.P., Brand, J., Pala, M. and Haddad, A. 2009. Weed management. The Lentil, 326. Younesabadi, M., Nejad, A.S., Nejad, A. and Kashiri, H.O. 2006. Effect of climatic conditions on weed frequency of wheat fields and comparison of Golestan Province cities by cluster analysis (a case study of Iran). Pakistan J. Weed Sci. Res. 12: 7-12. Young, F., Matthews, J., Al-Menoufi, A., Sauerborn, J., Pieterse, A. and Kharrat, M. 2000. Integrated weed management for food legumes and lupins. Linking Research and Marketing Opportunities for Pulses in the 21st Century. Springer, pp. 481-490. Zargarian, N., Bagheri, A., Nosrati, I. and Mondani, F. 2018. Evaluation of multi-species weed interference with rainfed lentil (Lens culinaris L.) in natural field conditions. J. Agroecol. 8: 91-105.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 551 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 348 |
||