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تعیین دماهای کاردینال جوانه‌زنی بذر کُنار (Ziziphus spina-christi) و کمی‌سازی ویژگیهای آن تحت تنش‌های رطوبتی و شوری | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 28، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 82، فروردین 1400، صفحه 93-105 اصل مقاله (689.54 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2021.123858 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی طویلی* 1؛ حامد اسکندری دامنه2 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری بیابانزدایی ، گروه احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| جوانه‌زنی بذر معمولاً بحرانی‌ترین عامل تعیین کننده موفقیت یا شکست استقرار گیاه است. از مهمترین عوامل محیطی مؤثر در جوانه‌زنی، استقرار و رشد گیاه، دما و رطوبت می‌باشند که اثرات قابل توجهی بر ویژگیهای جوانه‌زنی از جمله درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی دارند، بدین منظور برای تعیین دماهای کاردینال جوانه‌زنی بذر کنار، در یک مطالعه آزمایشگاهی، خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی بذرهای این گیاه در دماهای مختلف، در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار تکرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. ارزیابی واکنش جوانه‌زنی در دماهای ثابت 5، 10، 15، 20، 25، 30، 35، 40 و 45 درجه سانتی‌گراد انجام شد. دماهای کاردینال جوانه‌زنی بذر کنار با استفاده از سرعت جوانه‌زنی و با سه مدل بتا، دوتکه‌ای و دندان مانند برازش گردید. به منظور انتخاب مدل برتر و سنجش دقت مدل در توصیف سرعت جوانه‌زنی بذر کنار نسبت به دما، از آماره‌های جذر میانگین مربعات (RMSE) و ضریب تبیین (R2) استفاده شد. به گونه‌ای که ضریب تبیین بالاتر و جذر میانگین مربعات خطای کمتر، نشان دهنده همبستگی بیشتر مدل با واقعیت است. نتایج نشان داد که این آماره‌ها در مدل دو تکه‌ای نسبت به سایر مدل‌ها بهتر است و مقدار آن به ترتیب برابر با 0004/0 و 98 درصد می‌باشد. بنابراین بر اساس مدل دو تکه‌ای که مدل برتر شناخته شد، دمای پایه، بهینه و بیشینه سرعت جوانه‌زنی بذر این گیاه به ترتیب برابر 6/8، 3/34 و 49 درجه سانتی‌گراد محاسبه شد. سپس به منظور بررسی جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه کنار نسبت به تنش شوری و خشکی در دمای بهینه، آزمایش دیگری به اجرا در آمد. در این آزمایش جوانه‌زنی بذرها در شش سطح تنش شوری و خشکی، با پتانسیل اسمزی (صفر ، 2- ، 4-، 6-، 8- و 10- بار ) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که تنش شوری و خشکی، درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی بذر کنار را کاهش داد به طوری که در حالت شاهد جوانه‌زنی 97 درصد و در 10- بار در حالت شوری به 16 درصد و در حالت خشکی به 0 کاهش یافت. ضمن آنکه در مقایسه با خشکی، جوانه زنی بذر کنار جساسیت بیشتری نسبت به تنش شوری نشان داد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| درخت کنار؛ درصد جوانه‌زنی؛ سرعت جوانه‌زنی؛ مدل بتا؛ مدل دندان مانند؛ مدل دوتکه‌ای | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determination of cardinal temperatures of Ziziphus spina-christi and quantification of its characteristics under moisture and salinity stresses | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Tavili1؛ Hamed Eskandari Damaneh2 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Rehabilitation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Ph.D Student De-Desertification, Department of Rehabilitation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Seed germination is usually the most critical factor in determining the success or failure of plant establishment. The most important environmental factors affecting germination, establishment, and growth of plants are temperature and humidity, which have significant effects on germination characteristics such as germination percentage and rate. For this purpose, to determine the cardinal temperatures of seed germination in Ziziphus spina-christi, in vitro experiment, the germination characteristics of the seeds of this plant at different temperatures were evaluated in a completely randomized design with four replications. Germination response was assessed at the constant temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45°C. The cardinal temperatures for the germination of Ziziphus spina-christi seeds were fitted using germination rate and by three models including the beta, segmented, and dent-like models. To select the superior model and measure the accuracy of the model in describing the germination rate of Ziziphus spina-christi seeds for temperature, the statistics of root mean square (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were used. Accordingly, a higher R2 and a lower RMSE represent a closer correlation of the model with reality. Based on the results, these statistics were better for the segmented model than the other models, so that they were 0.0004 and 98% for this model, respectively. Therefore, based on the segmented model, which was known as the superior model, the basal temperature, the optimum and maximum germination rate of this plant were calculated to be 8.6, 34.3 and 49 ° C, respectively. Then, the response of germination and seedling growth of Ziziphus was explored in another experiment to different levels of salinity and drought stresses at the optimum temperature. In this experiment, the seed germination was studied at four levels of salinity and drought stresses with osmotic potentials of 0, -2, -4, -6, -8, and -10 bars. The results of this experiment showed that salinity and drought stress reduced the germination percentage and rate of Ziziphus spina-christi seeds. Germination percentage for control was 97% while in -10 bar salinity and drought stress was 16% and 0, respectively. In addition, compared to drought, seed germination showed more sensitivity to salinity stress. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Ziziphus spina-christi, germination percentage, germination rate, beta model, dent-like model, segmented model | ||
| مراجع | ||
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