| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,069 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,253 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 47,030,076 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 77,957,381 |
تعیین دماهای کاردینال جوانه‌زنی بذر کُنار (Ziziphus spina-christi) و کمی‌سازی ویژگیهای آن تحت تنش‌های رطوبتی و شوری | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 28، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 82، فروردین 1400، صفحه 93-105 اصل مقاله (689.54 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2021.123858 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی طویلی* 1؛ حامد اسکندری دامنه2 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری بیابانزدایی ، گروه احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| جوانه‌زنی بذر معمولاً بحرانی‌ترین عامل تعیین کننده موفقیت یا شکست استقرار گیاه است. از مهمترین عوامل محیطی مؤثر در جوانه‌زنی، استقرار و رشد گیاه، دما و رطوبت می‌باشند که اثرات قابل توجهی بر ویژگیهای جوانه‌زنی از جمله درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی دارند، بدین منظور برای تعیین دماهای کاردینال جوانه‌زنی بذر کنار، در یک مطالعه آزمایشگاهی، خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی بذرهای این گیاه در دماهای مختلف، در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار تکرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. ارزیابی واکنش جوانه‌زنی در دماهای ثابت 5، 10، 15، 20، 25، 30، 35، 40 و 45 درجه سانتی‌گراد انجام شد. دماهای کاردینال جوانه‌زنی بذر کنار با استفاده از سرعت جوانه‌زنی و با سه مدل بتا، دوتکه‌ای و دندان مانند برازش گردید. به منظور انتخاب مدل برتر و سنجش دقت مدل در توصیف سرعت جوانه‌زنی بذر کنار نسبت به دما، از آماره‌های جذر میانگین مربعات (RMSE) و ضریب تبیین (R2) استفاده شد. به گونه‌ای که ضریب تبیین بالاتر و جذر میانگین مربعات خطای کمتر، نشان دهنده همبستگی بیشتر مدل با واقعیت است. نتایج نشان داد که این آماره‌ها در مدل دو تکه‌ای نسبت به سایر مدل‌ها بهتر است و مقدار آن به ترتیب برابر با 0004/0 و 98 درصد می‌باشد. بنابراین بر اساس مدل دو تکه‌ای که مدل برتر شناخته شد، دمای پایه، بهینه و بیشینه سرعت جوانه‌زنی بذر این گیاه به ترتیب برابر 6/8، 3/34 و 49 درجه سانتی‌گراد محاسبه شد. سپس به منظور بررسی جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه کنار نسبت به تنش شوری و خشکی در دمای بهینه، آزمایش دیگری به اجرا در آمد. در این آزمایش جوانه‌زنی بذرها در شش سطح تنش شوری و خشکی، با پتانسیل اسمزی (صفر ، 2- ، 4-، 6-، 8- و 10- بار ) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که تنش شوری و خشکی، درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی بذر کنار را کاهش داد به طوری که در حالت شاهد جوانه‌زنی 97 درصد و در 10- بار در حالت شوری به 16 درصد و در حالت خشکی به 0 کاهش یافت. ضمن آنکه در مقایسه با خشکی، جوانه زنی بذر کنار جساسیت بیشتری نسبت به تنش شوری نشان داد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| درخت کنار؛ درصد جوانه‌زنی؛ سرعت جوانه‌زنی؛ مدل بتا؛ مدل دندان مانند؛ مدل دوتکه‌ای | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determination of cardinal temperatures of Ziziphus spina-christi and quantification of its characteristics under moisture and salinity stresses | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Tavili1؛ Hamed Eskandari Damaneh2 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Rehabilitation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Ph.D Student De-Desertification, Department of Rehabilitation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Seed germination is usually the most critical factor in determining the success or failure of plant establishment. The most important environmental factors affecting germination, establishment, and growth of plants are temperature and humidity, which have significant effects on germination characteristics such as germination percentage and rate. For this purpose, to determine the cardinal temperatures of seed germination in Ziziphus spina-christi, in vitro experiment, the germination characteristics of the seeds of this plant at different temperatures were evaluated in a completely randomized design with four replications. Germination response was assessed at the constant temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45°C. The cardinal temperatures for the germination of Ziziphus spina-christi seeds were fitted using germination rate and by three models including the beta, segmented, and dent-like models. To select the superior model and measure the accuracy of the model in describing the germination rate of Ziziphus spina-christi seeds for temperature, the statistics of root mean square (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were used. Accordingly, a higher R2 and a lower RMSE represent a closer correlation of the model with reality. Based on the results, these statistics were better for the segmented model than the other models, so that they were 0.0004 and 98% for this model, respectively. Therefore, based on the segmented model, which was known as the superior model, the basal temperature, the optimum and maximum germination rate of this plant were calculated to be 8.6, 34.3 and 49 ° C, respectively. Then, the response of germination and seedling growth of Ziziphus was explored in another experiment to different levels of salinity and drought stresses at the optimum temperature. In this experiment, the seed germination was studied at four levels of salinity and drought stresses with osmotic potentials of 0, -2, -4, -6, -8, and -10 bars. The results of this experiment showed that salinity and drought stress reduced the germination percentage and rate of Ziziphus spina-christi seeds. Germination percentage for control was 97% while in -10 bar salinity and drought stress was 16% and 0, respectively. In addition, compared to drought, seed germination showed more sensitivity to salinity stress. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Ziziphus spina-christi, germination percentage, germination rate, beta model, dent-like model, segmented model | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abdel-Zaher, A.O., Salim, S.Y., Assaf, M.H. and Abdel-Hady, R.H., 2005. Antidiabetic activity and toxicity of Zizyphus spina-christi leaves. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 101(1-3): 129-138. - Adam, N.R., Dierig, D.A., Coffelt, T.A., Wintermeyer, M.J., Mackey, B.E. and Wall, G.W., 2007. Cardinal temperatures for germination and early growth of two Lesquerella species. Industrial Crops and Products, 25(1): 24-33. - Akram-Ghaderi, F., 2008. The study of seed quality development, germination, longevity and deterioration in some medicinal plants: medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo. Convar.var. styriaca), cumin blank (Nigella sativa L.) and borago (Borago officinalis L.). Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. Gorgan. Agricultur Science National Resourses. - Al-Ahmadi, M.J. and Kafi, M., 2007. Cardinal temperatures for germination of Kochia scoparia (L.). Journal of Arid Environ, 68(2): 308-314. - Ali Houri, M.; Tarahi, A. and Dialmi, H., 2017. The salinity effect of irrigation water on vegetative growth and nutrient concentration in seedlings of three species of canary. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 31(2): 207-218. - Alipour, G.H., 2001. Introduction of suitable plants for revitalization of desert and tropical regions, Tehran, Rah Sobhan Publications. - Alvarado, V. and Bradford, K., 2002. A hydrothermal time model explains the cardinal temperatures for seed germination. Plant, Cell & Environ, 25(8): 1061-1069. - Asgarpanah, J. and Haghighat, E., 2012. Phytochemistry and pharmacologic properties of Ziziphus spina Christi (L.) Willd. African journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 6(31): 2332-2339. - Azim, A., Ghazanfar, S.H., Latif, A. and Nadeem. M.A., 2011. Nutritional evaluation of some top fodder tree leaves and shrubs of district Chakwal, Pakistan in relation to ruminant’s requirements. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 10(1): 54-59. - Baskin, C.C. and Baskin, J.M., 2001. Seeds: ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and Bradford, K.J. 2002. Applications of hydrothermal time to quantifying and modeling seed germination and dormancy. Journal of Weed Science, 50(2): 248-260. - Bidgoly, R.O., Balouchi, H., Soltani, E. and Moradi, A., 2018. Effect of temperature and water potential on Carthamus tinctorius L. seed germination: Quantification of the cardinal temperatures and modeling using hydrothermal time. Industrial Crops and Products, 113: 121-127. - Brindle, M. and Jensen, K., 2005. Effect of temperature on dormancy and germination of Eupatorium L. achenes. Journal of Seed Science Research, 15: 143-151. - Colbach, N., Chauvel, B., Dürr, C. and Richard, G., 2002. Effect of environmental conditions on Alopecurus myosuroides germination. I. Effect of temperature and light. Journal of Weed Research, 42(3): 210-221. - Esareh, M., 2008. Biological characteristics of side trees in Iran and introduction of other species of ziziphus genus in Tehran: Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands of the country. 571 p. - Fang, F., Zhang, C., Wei, S., Huang, H. and Liu, W., 2012. Factors affecting Tausch’s Goatgrass (Aegilops tauschii Coss.) seed germination and seedling emergence. Journal of Agricultural Science, 4: 114–121. - Farahdost, R., Ashraf Jafari, A., Mansorifar, S. and Rabie, M.,2017. Effects of drought stress on forage yield and physiological traits in four native species of sainfoin (Onobrychis sp.). Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 24(4), 931-942. - Hant, L.A., Yan, W., Gregory, S. and Macmaster, S., 2001. Simulating response to temperature, proceeding of modeling temperature response in wheat and maize. Workshop, 23- 29. - Hardegree, S.P., 2006. Predicting germination response to temperature. I. Cardinal-temperature models and subpopulation-specific regression. Annals of Botany, 97(6): 1115-1125. - Hashemi, A., Tavakkol Afshari, R. and Tabrizi, L., 2016. investigation of germination properties and important temperatures of Plantago ovate seed, Journal of Iran agricultural plants science, 47(1): 1-7. - Hashempour, F. 2009. Dryland afforestation in arid and semi-arid regions, Aij Publishing. - Hatami, M., Samadi, M.R. and Khanizadeh, P., 2019. Effect of different treatments on breaking seed dormancy and stimulate germination in dragonhead (Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss). Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 26 (4):918-931. - Hooda, P.S., Sindhu, S.S., Mehta, P.K. and Ahlawat, V.P., 1990. Growth, yield and quality of ber (Zizuphus mauritiana Lamk.) as effected by soil salinity. Journal of Horticultural Science, 65(5): 589-593. - Hosseini, S., Sadeghipour, A., Nikoo S.H., 2019. The effect of clay nanoparticles in synthetic polymeric resins on germination and growth in two species of Nitraria schoberi and Halothamnus glaucus. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 26(4):1032-1041. - Jame, Y. and Cutforth, H., 2004. Simulating the effects of temperature and seeding depth on germination and emergence of spring wheat. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 124(3): 207-218. - Jame, Y.W. and Cutforth, H.W., 2004. Simulating the effects of temperature and seeding depth on germination and emergence of spring wheat. Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 124: 207-218. - Kader, M.A. and Jutzi, S.C. 2004. Effect of thermal and salt treatments during imbibition on germination and seedling growth of sorghum at 42/19oC. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 190: 35- 38. - Karavani, B., Tavakol afshari, R., Majnoon hoseini, N. and Moosavi, S.A., 2014. Investigation of seed germination peroperties of Scrophularia Striata under droght and salinity stressess in different temperatures. Journal of Iran agricultural plants science, 45(2): 265-275. - Kaufman, R., Barlyn, E. and Michel, N., 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Journal of Plant Physiology, 51: 914-916. - Konshloo, H., 2001. Forestry in arid areas, Publications of Forests and Rangelands Research Institute. - Mahmoodi, A., Soltani, E. and Barani, H., 2008. Germination response to temperature in snail medic (Medicago sativa L.). Electronic Journal Crop Production, 1: 54- 63. - Meena, S.K., Gupta,N.K., Gupta,S., Khandelwal, S.K. and Sastry, E.V.D., 2003. Effect of sodium chloride on the growth and gas exchange of young Ziziphus seedling rootstocks. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biptechnology, 78(4): 454-457. - Pareek, O.P., 2001. Ber. International Center for Underutilised Crops, Southampton, UK, 290p. - Rafiei Sardooi, E., Hashemi, A., Eskandari Damaneh, H., Khosravi, H. and Barkhori, S., 2019. Assessment of Seed Germination of Moringa peregrina under Drought and Salinity Stress and its Cardinal Germination Temperatures in Laboratory Environment. Desert Ecosystem Engineering Journal, 3(1): 21-30. - Saha, P., Raychaudhuri, S., Mishra, D., Chakraborty, A. and Sudarshan, M., 2008. Role of trace elements in somatic embryogenesis–A PIXE study. Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 266(6): 918-920. - Sink, M., Reickhoff, D. and Erbershobler, A., 2004. Effect of low temperatures on the germination of different field pea genotypes. Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 32: 331- 339. - Soltani, A. and Maddah, V., 2010. Simple, applied programs for education and research in agronomy. Shahid Beheshti University Press. - Soltani, A., Galeshi, S., Zeinali, E. and Latifi, N., 2002. Germination, seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of chickpea as affected by salinity and seed size. Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 30: 51-60. - Torabi, A., 2006. Determining the Quantitative and Qualitative Properties of (Ziziphus Spina-Christi) Masses in the Country. Final research project report. Ahvaz: Date and Tropical Fruit Research Institute. - Vasegh, B. and Ghasemi, M. R., 2017. The effect of the side tree as a native idea in landscape design of Dezful urban streets (Case study: Dr. Ali Shariati St., Dezful), The first international conference on the perspective of urban and suburban roads with the approach of localization, Tehran, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Mahdpajoohesh Institute https://www.civilica.com/Paper-ICUIRL01-ICUIRL01_022.html. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 468 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 381 |
||