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تأثیر حشرهکشهای اسپیروتترامات و کلرپایرفوس بر واکنش تابعی زنبور پارازیتوئید Aenasius bambawalei Hayat | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| دوره 8، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 15، شهریور 1399، صفحه 47-56 اصل مقاله (271.4 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2020.123675 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعیده هادیان1؛ نوشین زندی سوهانی* 1؛ فاطمه یاراحمدی1؛ فریبا سهرابی2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ایران | ||
| 2گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شپشک آردآلود پنبه Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley آفتی چندینخوار است که از دهه اول قرن بیستم به تهدیدی جدی برای کشاورزی در مناطق گرمسیری و نیمهگرمسیری جهان تبدیل شده است. Aenasius bambawalei Hayat یک انگلواره داخلی است که پورههای سن سوم P. solenopsisرا انگلی میکند. در این پژوهش واکنش تابعی این پارازیتوئید تحت تأثیر دوز زیرکشنده سموم اسپیروتترامات و کلرپایرفوس روی پورههای سن سوم شپشک آردآلود پنبه در دمای 1 ± 27 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 65 درصد و دوره روشنایی به تاریکی 10 :14 ساعت بررسی شد. تراکمهای استفادهشده پورهای سن سوم شپشک آردآلود 2، 4، 8، 16، 32 و 64 عدد بود. نتایج رگرسیون لجستیک نشان داد که واکنش تابعی در هرسه تیمار شاهد، اسپیروتترامات و کلرپایرفوس از نوع دوم بود. نرخ جستجوگری (a) زنبور در تیمارهای شاهد، اسپیروتترامات وکلرپایرفوس بهترتیب 2609/0، 1107/0 و 0556/0 بار در ساعت محاسبه شد، که این نرخ در تیمارهای اسپیروتترامات و کلرپایروفوس به ترتیب 57% و 78 %کمتر از شاهد بود. زمان دستیابی (Th) در تیمارهای شاهد، اسپیروتترامات و کلرپایرفوس به ترتیب 018/5، 335/6 و 390/9 ساعت محاسبه شد. در تیمارهای اسپیروتترامات و کلرپایروفوس زمان دستیابی بهترتیب حدود 26 % و 87 % بیشتر از تیمار شاهد بود. نرخ دستیابی نیز در تیمارهای شاهد، اسپیروتترامات و کلرپایرفوس به ترتیب 63/4، 28/3 و 55/2 پوره میزبان تعیین شد که در تیمارهای اسپیروتترامات و کلرپایرفوس 31 % و 45 % کمتر از شاهد بود. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داد که حشرهکشهای اسپیروتترامات و کلرپایرفوس حتی در دوزهای کم دارای تأثیر منفی روی رفتار واکنش تابعی زنبور بوده و میتوانند باعث اختلال در کنترل بیولوژیک شوند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| شپشک آردآلود پنبه؛ نرخ جستجوگری؛ زمان دستیابی؛ Encyrtidae؛ غلظت زیرکشنده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of spirotetramat and chlorpyrifos on the functional response of Aenasius bambawalei Hayat | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Saeedeh Hadian1؛ Nooshin Zandi-Sohani1؛ Fatemeh Yarahmadi1؛ Fariba Sohrabi2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley is a polyphagous pest that has become a serious threat to agriculture in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world since the beginning of the twentieth century. Aenasius bambawalei Hayat is an endoparasitoid that parasitizes third instar nymphs of P. solenopsis. In this study, sublethal effects of spirotetramat and chlorpyrifos were investigated on the functional response of the parasitoid on the nymphs of P. solenopsis at 27± 1 ° C, 65± 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 14: 10 (L: D). The densities of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 third instar nymphs of P. solenopsis were used in the experiments. The results of logistic regression showed type II functional response in all three treatments including control, spirotetramat, and chlorpyrifos. The search rate (a) of the wasp in control, spirotetramate, and chlorpyrifos treatments were calculated to be 0.2609, 0.1107, and 0.0556 h–1, respectively, which in spirotetramat, and chlorpyrifos were 57% and 78% less than control. Handling time (Th) in control, spirotetramat, and chlorpyrifos treatments were calculated to be 0.0187, 6.3352, and 9.3903 h, respectively. In spirotetramate and chlorpyrifos treatments, handling times were about 26% and 87% more than control. The handling rates of control, spirotetramate, and chlorpyrifos were 4.63, 3.28, and 2.55 host nymphs, respectively; which in spirotetramate and chlorpyrifos it was 31% and 45% less than in control. The results of this study showed that the insecticides of spirotetramate and chlorpyrifos had a negative effect on the functional response behavior of the parasitoid even at low doses and thus could disturb the biological control. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| cotton mealy bug, search rate, handling time, Encyrtidae, sublethal concentration | ||
| مراجع | ||
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