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اثر تنش شوری و خشکی بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی علف‌هرز گلرنگ وحشی (Carthamus oxycantha) | ||
| دانش علف‌های هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 16، شماره 2، مهر 1399، صفحه 87-98 اصل مقاله (1.91 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/IJWS.2020.1602.1266 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیده فاطمه فخرراد1؛ علی قنبری2؛ مهدی راستگو* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری گروه اگروتکنولوژی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گلرنگوحشی (Carthamus oxycantha)، از جمله علف‌هرز مهم در مزارع زعفران استان خراسان رضوی محسوب می‌شود. به‌منظور بررسی اثر تنش شوری و خشکی بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی این‌گونه علف هرز، آزمایش‌هایی به‌صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار، در سال 1395 در آزمایشگاه تحقیقات علوم علف‌های‌هرز دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، انجام شد. عوامل مورد بررسی شامل پتانسیل آب ناشی از کلرور سدیم و پلی اتیلن گلایکول (PEG) در هشت سطح (صفر، 1/0-، 2/0-، 4/0-، 6/0-، 8/0-، 1- و 2/1- مگاپاسکال) و دما در شش سطح 10، 15، 20، 25، 30 و 35 درجه سانتیگراد بودند. در هر دو تنش، بیشترین درصد و سرعت جوانهزنی به‌ترتیب در دماهای 20، 15، 25،10 و درنهایت 30 درجه سانتیگراد مشاهده شد. پتانسیل آب موردنیاز برای 50 درصد کاهش درصد جوانهزنی برای تنش شوری در دماهای 10، 15، 20، 25 و 30 درجه سانتیگراد، به‌ترتیب برابر با 26/2-، 64/3-، 43/4-، 63/2- و 94/1- مگاپاسکال و به‌طور مشابه برای تنش خشکی برابر با 65/1-، 68/1-، 92/1-، 430/1- و 12 /0- مگاپاسکال بود. با تغییر پتانسیل آب ناشی از کلرور سدیم از صفر تا 6/0- مگاپاسکال، دمای بهینه از 99/19 به 43/17 و با تغییر پتانسیل آب ناشی از پلی اتیلن گلایکول از صفر به 2/0- مگاپاسکال، دمای بهینه از 99/19 به 90/17 کاهش پیدا کرد. به‌طورکلی و بر مبنای نتایج این آزمایش، حساسیت گلرنگ وحشی به خشکی بیشتر از شوری بود و پتانسیل گسترش آن در مناطق شور و همچنین مدیریت این علف‌هرز در اراضی شور می‌بایست موردتوجه قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پلی اتیلن گلایکول؛ سرعت جوانهزنی؛ کلرور سدیم | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of salt and drought stress on germination characteristics of wild safflower (Carthamus oxycanthus) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Seyedeh fatemeh Fakhrrad1؛ Ali Ghanbari2؛ Mehdi Rastgoo2 | ||
| 1Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Wild safflower (Carthamus oxycantha) is an important weed in the Saffron fields of Razavi Khorasan province. To study the effects of salt and drought stress on germination characteristics of this weed species, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. Factors included water potentials based on NaCl and PEG at 8 levels (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 -MPa) and temperature at 6 levels (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C). In both stresses, the greatest germination percentage and rate were observed at 20, 15, 25, 10 and 30 °C, respectively. The required water potentials for 50% reduction in germination percentage for salt stress at 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C were 2.26, 3.64, 4.43, 2.63 and 1.98 -MPa, respectively, and similarly for drought stress were 1.65, 1.68, 1.92, 1.43, and 0.12 –Mpa, respectively. Changing water potential base on NaCl from 0 to -0.6 MPa, decreased optimum temperature from 19.99 to 17.43 °C. Optimum temperature decreased from 19.99 to 17.90 °C by changing water potential based on PEG from 0 to -0.2 MPa. In general and based on the results of this experiment, wild safflower was more sensitive to drought than salinity, and the potential for its spread in saline areas, as well as the management of this weed in saline lands should be considered. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Germination rate, NaCl, poly ethylen glycol (PEG) | ||
| مراجع | ||
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