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تغییرات کیفیت بذر و میزان ماندگاری اثر حفاظتی قارچکشها در طول دوره انبارداری بذر ذرت | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| دوره 9، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 20، آذر 1399، صفحه 41-55 اصل مقاله (885.18 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijsst.2019.124690.1252 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرشید قادری فر* 1؛ شهلا خیرکمان2؛ ابراهیم زینلی3؛ سید اسماعیل رضوی4؛ مرتضی گرزین5 | ||
| 1دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گلستان، ایران. | ||
| 2دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته زراعت- دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه زراعت- دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 4استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی- دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 5دانشجوی دکتری زراعت- دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور ارزیابی اثر قارچ‌کش‌های مختلف بر قابلیت انبارداری بذرهای ذرت علوفه ای آزمایشی به صورت کرتهای خرد شده در زمان در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در چهار تکرار در آزمایشگاه بذر دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل قارچ‌کش (تبوکونازول، کربوکسین تیرام، رورال تیاس، دیفنوکونازول و شاهد)، دما (5 و 25 درجه سلسیوس) و مدت انبارداری (12 ماه) بود. برای ارزیابی کیفیت بذر، از آزمون جوانه‌زنی و آزمون سرما استفاده شد. همچنین، قابلیت بازدارندگی قارچکشها در مقابل شیوع بیمارگرهای پنیسیلیوم، فوزاریوم و آلترناریا طی انبارداری بررسی شد. در این مطالعه، درصد جوانه زنی بذرها در طول دوره انبارداری در تمامی تیمارهای مورد بررسی ثابت بود، اما نتایج حاصل از آزمون سرما نشان داد که کیفیت بذرهای ذرت با افزایش طول دوره انبارداری در هر دو دمای 5 و 25 درجه سلسیوس پس از مدتی (بسته به نوع قارچ‌کش) کاهش یافت. همچنین، تمامی قارچ‌کش‌های مورد استفاده (به استثنای دیفکونازول و رورال تیاس در دمای 25 درجه سلسیوس) باعث حفظ قدرت بذرهای ذرت در طی انبارداری شدند. قارچ‌کش رورال تیاس از لحاظ جلوگیری از رشد و توسعه بیمارگرهای قارچی از کارایی بیشتری برخوردار بود، اما با توجه به نتایج آزمون سرما دو قارچ‌کش کربوکسین تیرام و تبوکونازول در حفظ کیفیت بذرها در طی انبارداری از عملکرد بهتری برخوردار بودند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بیمارگرهای قارچی؛ جوانه زنی؛ دما؛ قدرت بذر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Changes in seed quality and durability of fungicides protective effect during storage period of maize seeds | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. Ghaderifar1؛ Shahla Kheirkaman2؛ Ebrahim Zeinali3؛ Seyed Esmaeil Razavi4؛ Morteza Gorzin5 | ||
| 1Associate Professor Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Plant Production. Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Golestan Province, Iran. | ||
| 2Former M.Sc. Student in Seed Technology. Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources | ||
| 3Associate prof, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources | ||
| 4Assistant Prof, Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources | ||
| 5Ph.D. Student in Agronomy. Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to evaluate the effect of different fungicides on storage behavior of forage maize seeds, a split plot experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replicates was conducted in seed laboratory of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Treatments included fungicide (Teboconazole, Carboxin Tiram, Rovral TS, Difenoconazole and control), temperature (5˚C and 25˚C) and storage duration (12 months). Germination and cold tests were conducted to evaluate the seed quality. Also, the inhibitory effect of fungicides on the prevalence of Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., and Alternaria sp. pathogens was investigated during storage. In this study, germination percentage of stored seeds was constant in all treatments during storage period, but the results of cold test showed that the quality of maize seeds decreased with increasing storage duration at both 5 and 25°C temperatures after some time (depending on the type of fungicide). Also, all the used fungicides (Except for Difconazole and Rovral TS at 25˚C) maintained the vigor of maize seeds during storage. The Rovral TS fungicides were more effective in inhibiting the growth and development of fungal pathogens, but according to the results of cold test, two Carboxin Tiram and Teboconazole fungicides were better in maintaining the maize seed quality during storage. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Fungal pathogens, Germination, Seed vigor, Temperature | ||
| مراجع | ||
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