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تأثیر روش‌های حاصلخیزی خاک بر عملکرد کمّی و روغن گیاه دارویی سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 36، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 104، بهمن و اسفند 1399، صفحه 958-974 اصل مقاله (731.64 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2021.342654.2773 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| جبرائیل ملکی* 1؛ ابراهیم شریفی عاشورآبادی2؛ مهدی میرزا3؛ حسین حیدری شریف آباد4؛ محمدحسین لباسچی2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترا، گروه علوم زراعی و باغی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استاد، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4استاد، گروه علوم زراعی و باغی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1399.36.958.104.6.1578.41 به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر روش‌های حاصلخیزی خاک بر عملکرد کمّی و روغن گیاه دارویی سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.) آزمایشی به‌صورت بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای مورد بررسی شامل سطوح مختلف کودهای شیمیایی NPK، سطوح مختلف کود دامی، تلفیق کودهای NPK با کود دامی، تلفیق کودهای شیمیایی و دامی همراه با تلقیح کود زیستی آزوریزوبیوم بود. نتایج نشان داد که با تغذیه گیاه، ارتفاع بوته، وزن خشک بوته، تعداد شاخه جانبی، شاخص سطح برگ، تعداد کپسول در بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد زیست توده، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، درصد روغن و عملکرد روغن افزایش پیدا کرد. در روش تغذیه شیمیایی، بالاترین خصوصیات کمّی و کیفی مربوط به کاربرد 120 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن، 96 کیلوگرم در هکتار فسفر و 120 کیلوگرم در هکتار پتاسیم بود. در تغذیه گیاهی با کود دامی از کاربرد 20 تن در هکتار کود دامی استفاده شد. در تغذیه گیاه به روش تلفیق کود شیمیایی و دامی تیمار 40 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن، 32 کیلوگرم فسفر و 40 کیلوگرم پتاسیم همراه با 30 تن در هکتار کود دامی بهترین تیمار بود. در تغذیه گیاهی به روش تلفیق شیمیایی، دامی و زیستی تیمار 30 تن در هکتار کود دامی همراه با آزوریزوبیوم در حضور 40 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن، 32 کیلوگرم فسفر و 40 کیلوگرم پتاسیم مناسب‌ترین تیمار مشاهده گردید. به‌طور کلی تیمار 40 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن، 32 کیلوگرم فسفر و 40 کیلوگرم پتاسیم همراه با 30 تن در هکتار کود دامی در کنار آزوریزوبیوم بیشترین تأثیر مثبت را در بهبود عملکرد و میزان روغن سیاه‌دانه داشت که از کمترین میزان کود شیمیایی برخوردار بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آزوریزوبیوم؛ روش‌های حاصلخیزی خاک؛ میزان روغن؛ کود دامی؛ سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.) | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of soil fertility methods on the quantitative yield and oil of medicinal plant black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| J. Maleki1؛ E. Sharifi Ashourabadi2؛ M. Mirza3؛ H. Heydari Sharifabad4؛ M.H. Lebaschy2 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Medicinal Plants Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Medicinal Plants Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To investigate the effects of soil fertility methods on the quantitative yield and oil of medicinal plant black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Experimental treatments included different levels of NPK chemical fertilizers, different levels of manure, combination of NPK+manure, and combination of NPK+manure with Azorhizobium biofertilizer inoculation. The results showed that plant nutrition increased plant height, plant dry weight, number of lateral branches, leaf area index, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, grain yield, biological yield, relative leaf water content, and percentage and oil yield. The highest quantitative and qualitative characteristics were obtained in the chemical nutrition in the treatment of NPK: 120-96-120 (kg ha-1) and in the manure nutrition in the treatment of manure: 20 ton ha-1. In the chemical+manure combined method, the treatment of NPK: 40-32-40 (kg ha-1)+manure: 30 ton ha-1 was the best one. In the chemical+manure+biological combined method, the treatment of manure: 30 ton ha-1+ Azorhizobium+ NPK: 40-32-40 (kg ha-1) was observed as the most appropriate treatment. Overall, the combined treatment of NPK: 40-32-40 (kg ha-1) + manure: 30 ton ha-1+ Azorhizobium had the most positive effect on improving the biological yield and black cumin oil percentage, which also had the lowest amount of chemical fertilizer. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Azorhizobium, soil fertility methods, oil content, manure, black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) | ||
| مراجع | ||
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