Anti-depressant Effect of Betaine Mediates via Nitrergic and Serotoninergic Systems in Ovariectomized Mice

Haramipour, P.; Asghari, A.; Hassanpour, Sh.; Jahandideh, A.

doi:10.22092/ari.2020.352221.1553

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	Anti-depressant Effect of Betaine Mediates via Nitrergic and Serotoninergic Systems in Ovariectomized Mice
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نوع مقاله: Original Articles
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ari.2020.352221.1553
نویسندگان
P. Haramipour¹؛ A. Asghari²؛ Sh. Hassanpour ³؛ A. Jahandideh²
¹Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
²Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
³Section of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده
The aim of current study was to determine anti-depressant effect of betaine (BT) in ovariectomized mice and its possible interaction with nitrergic and serotoninergic systems. In experiment 1, mice kept as control and sham groups, ovariectomized (OVX), OVX+BT (12.5mg/kg), OVX+BT (25mg/kg) and OVX+BT (50mg/kg). In experiment 2, mice kept as control and sham, OVX, OVX+BT (50mg/kg), OVX+L-NAME (10mg/kg) and OVX+ -injection of the BT and L-NAME. Experiments 3-5 were similar to experiment 2, except L-Arginine (50mg/kg), Fluoxetine (5mg/kg) and Cyproheptadine (4mg/kg) were injected instead of the L-NAME. Then forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and open field test (OFT) tests were done. Also, serum Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were determined. According to the findings, OVX increased immobility time compared to control group (P<0.05). BT (50mg/kg) decreased depression induced immobility time compared to OVX group (P<0.05). Co-injection of the BT+L-NAME decreased depression induced immobility time in TST and FST and increased number of crossing in OFT (P<0.05). Co-injection of the BT+L-Arginine significantly diminished antidepressant activity of the BT on immobility time and decreased positive effect of the BT on number of crossing (P<0.05). Co-injection of the BT+fluoxetine significantly amplified antidepressant activity of the BT on immobility time and number of crossing (P<0.05). Co-injection of the BT+cyproheptadine decreased antidepressant activity of the BT on immobility time and number of crossing (P<0.05). BT (25 and 50mg/kg) reduced the MDA while elevated SOD and GPx levels in OVX mice (P<0.05). It seems, antidepressant activity of the BT mediates via nitrergic and serotoninergic systems in OVX mice.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Anti-depressant؛ Betaine؛ Serotoninergic؛ Nitrergic؛ Ovariectomy؛ Mice
عنوان مقاله [English]
Anti-depressant effect of Betaine mediates via nitrergic and serotoninergic systems in ovariectomized mice
چکیده [English]
The aim of current study was to determine anti-depressant effect of betaine(BT) in ovariectomized mice and its possible interaction with nitrergic and serotoninergic systems. In experiment 1, mice kept as control and sham groups, ovariectomized(OVX), OVX+BT (12.5mg/kg), OVX+BT(25mg/kg) and OVX+BT(50mg/kg). In experiment 2, mice kept as control and sham, OVX, OVX+BT(50mg/kg), OVX+L-NAME(10mg/kg) and OVX+-injection of the BT and L-NAME. Experiments 3-5 were similar to experiment 2, except L-Arginine (50mg/kg), Fluoxetine(5mg/kg) and Cyproheptadine (4mg/kg) were injected instead of the L-NAME. Then forced swimming test(FST), tail suspension test(TST) and open field test(OFT) tests were done. Also, serum Malondialdehyde(MDA), Superoxide dismutase(SOD), Glutathione peroxidase(GPx) and total antioxidant status(TAS) levels were determined. According to the findings, OVX increased immobility time compared to control group (p < 0.05). BT (50mg/kg) decreased depression induced immobility time compared to OVX group (p < 0.05). Co-injection of the BT+ L-NAME decreased depression induced immobility time in TST and FST and increased number of crossing in OFT (p < 0.05). Co-injection of the BT+L-Arginine significantly diminished antidepressant activity of the BT on immobility time and decreased positive effect of the BT on number of crossing (p < 0.05). Co-injection of the BT+fluoxetine significantly amplified antidepressant activity of the BT on immobility time and number of crossing (p < 0.05). Co-injection of the BT+ cyproheptadine decreased antidepressant activity of the BT on immobility time and number of crossing (p < 0.05). BT (25 and 50mg/kg) reduced the MDA while elevated SOD and GPx levels in OVX mice (p < 0.05). It seems, antidepressant activity of the BT mediates via nitrergic and serotoninergic system in OVX mice.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Anti-depressant, Betaine, Ovariectomy, Mice

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Anti-depressant Effect of Betaine Mediates via Nitrergic and Serotoninergic Systems in Ovariectomized Mice