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ارزیابی توان گونه های گیاهان بومی در مهارکردن فرسایش شیاری و خندقی در شمال استان اردبیل | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 34، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 131، تیر 1400، صفحه 134-150 اصل مقاله (922.52 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2021.351534.1358 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رضا طلایی* 1؛ صمد شادفر2؛ فرزانه عظیمی مطعم3؛ یونس رستمی کیا4؛ مجید صوفی5 | ||
| 1استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3پژوهشگر بخش تحقیقات جنگل ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار بخش تحقیقات جنگل ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 5دانشیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این پژوهش با کاربرد روشی کمّی برای ارزیابی توان گیاهان در مهارکردن فرسایش شیاری و خندقی در منطقه مغان استان اردبیل اجرا شد. در پنج سال از 1395 تا 1399، پنج شاخص تراکم ساقه (SD)، توان ریشه گیاه در کاهشدادن فرسایش خاک سطحی در برابر جریان تمرکزیافتهی فرسایشی (RSD)، توان ایجادکردن مانع در برابر مواد معلق (SOP)، شاخص سفتی گیاه (MEI) و چسبندگی ریشه (Cr) برای20 گیاه بومی در منطقه محاسبه شد (0/28 - 4-10×1/411SD=، 10/1076 - 24- 10×6/68RSD=، 0/696 - 10-5×8/275SOP=، N 27/134 - 10-6×69/1MEI=، Pa 626/34 - 10-4×432/5Cr=). گونه های گز (Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb.)، علف شور(Salsola dendroides Pall.)، درمنه معطر(Artemisia fragrans Willd.)، زلفپیر ریشدار (Stipa arabica Trin. & Rupr. var. arabica)، خارشتر (Alhagi camelorum Fisch.)، گل ماهور سنبله ای(Verbascum stachydifome Boiss.& Buhse.)،علف بره(Festuca ovina L.) و ملیکای بلند (Melica altissima L.) برای مهارکردن فرسایش شیاری و خندقی در منطقه بسیار مناسب است. علف بره، زلف پیر ریشدار و ملیکای بلند بهدلیل سازگاری به شرایط خشکی در منطقه و مقاومت زیاد در برابر جریانهای تمرکزیافتهی فرسایشی ممکن است در احیای پوشش گیاهی بهکار بردهشود. ممکن است ترکیب گونه های گیاهی مختلف به دلیل توانشان در یک یا چند شاخص برای مهارکردن فرسایش بسیار موثر باشد. نتیجههای این پژوهش را میتوان در ناحیههای همسایهی این منطقه و در اقلیمهای مشابه نیمه خشک و خشک سرد نیز بهکار برد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| استان اردبیل؛ پوشش گیاهی؛ خندق؛ شاخص؛ فرسایش؛ گونه های گیاهی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Native Plants Potential for Rill and Gully Erosion Control in the North of the Province of Ardabil | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Reza Talaei1؛ Samad Shadfar2؛ Farzaneh Azimi Motem3؛ Younes Rostamikia4؛ Majid Soufi5 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ardabil, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3M.Sc., Forests and Ranglands Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ardabil, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ardabil, Iran | ||
| 5Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| A quantitative method is presented to evaluate the ability of plants for rill and gully erosion control in the Moghan region in the province of Ardabil. This research was carried out during a five-year period (2016-2020). Five indicators, namely, stem density (SD), topsoil erosion-reducing potential of plant roots during the concentrated flow erosion (RSD), sediment obstruction potential (SOP), index of plant stiffness (MEI), and root cohesion (Cr) were calculated for 20 native plants of the region (SD=1.411×10-4 – 0.28, RSD=6.68×10-24 – 10.1076, SOP=8.275×10-5 – 0.696, MEI=1.69×10-6 – 27.134 N, Cr=5.432×10-4 – 34.626 Pa). Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb., Salsola dendroides Pall.,Artemisia fragrans Willd., Stipa arabica Trin. & Rupr. var. arabica, Alhagi camelorum Fisch., Verbascum stachydifome Boiss. & Buhse., Festuca ovina L., and Melica altissima L. are very appropriate species for controlling rill and gully erosion. Festuca ovina L., Stipa arabica Trin. & Rupr. var. arabica and Melica altissima L.have a distinct potential to obstruct sediment inflow into channels at the gully outlets. As each species has a particular ability in one or more of the indices, combined planting of selected plant species may be more effective in erosion control. The results of this study may be used in adjacent regions and under similar cold-semiarid and cold-arid environments. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Ardabil Province, erosion, gully, indicators, plant species, vegetation | ||
| مراجع | ||
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