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تأثیر اقدام‌های آبخیزداری بر امکان فرسایش خاک با شبیه‌ساز آزمایشگاهی در گوربند، سیستان و بلوچستان | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 132، مهر 1400، صفحه 19-39 اصل مقاله (2.91 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2021.351438.1357 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نرگس کریمی نژاد1؛ عباس گلی جیرنده2؛ هادی علیزاده2؛ محسن حسینعلی زاده1؛ حمید رضا پورقاسمی* 3 | ||
| 1گروه مدیریت مناطق بیابانی، دانشکده مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 2شرکت مهندسین مشاور نوآوران علوم مکانی | ||
| 3دانشیار بخش مهندسی منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف از این تحقیق تحلیل اندازه اثرگزاری اقدام‌های آبخیزداری در زیر حوضه نمونه و مقایسه‌ی آن با زیرحوضه شاهد در گوربند سیستان و بلوچستان، و شناسایی منطقه‌های حساس به فرسایش در آنها است. در این تحقیق تصاویر پهپاد در دو زیرحوضه با مساحت 58 هکتار (شاهد) و 83 هکتار (نمونه) به‌کار گرفته‌شد. نقشه شماره منحنی و چهار نقشه پایه شامل ارتفاع، درجه شیب، جهت زه‌کشی و تجمع آبراه تهیه، و براساس آنها سه حالت ممکن 20، 40 و 60 میلی متر بارش روزانه برای شبیه‌سازی با لندپلنر، با دو شاخص فرسایش و آستانه پستیبلندی درنظر گرفته شد. نتیجه به دست‌آمده برای دو زیرحوضه با روش‌های چارچوب جعبه‌یی، چارچوب چهاروجهی و سطح زیرمنحنی عمل‌کرد نسبی ارزیابی شد. شاخص فرسایش در شبیه‌ساز لندپلنر با در نظرگرفتن بیشینه بارش روزانه (60 میلی متر) نشان داد که اندازه‌ی فرسایش خاک در زیرحوضه شاهد 0/54821 بود، که بیشتر از اندازه فرسایش خاک در زیرحوضه نمونه (0/15593) است. شبیه‌سازی براساس آستانه فرسایش نیز نشان داد که تغییر عددی شاخص آستانه پستیبلندی 2-0 در زیرحوضه نمونه کمتر از تغییر ناشی از این شاخص در زیرحوضه شاهد (3-0) است. به طور کلی می‌توان گفت که به دلیل اقدام‌های آبخیزداری مناسبی که در زیرحوضه نمونه انجام شد، این زیرحوضه در شرایط بهتری از شاهد است، زیرا اندازه فرسایش خاک در آن به‌مراتب کمتر از آن است، در حالی که هر سه حالت ممکن بارش کمتر بودن فرسایش خاک را در زیرحوضه نمونه پیش بینی می کند. بنابراین، شبیه سازی براساس حالت‌های بارش و شماره منحنی با شبیه‌ساز آزمایشگاهی لندپلنر برای ارزیابی اثرگزاری اقدام‌های آبخیزداری در زیرحوضه زوجییی که امکان فرسایش خاک در آنها وجود دارند، توصیه می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پهپاد؛ سیستان و بلوچستان؛ زیرحوضه زوجی؛ شبیه‌ساز فیزیک‌محور | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| An Assessment of Watershed Management Activities on the Soil Erosion Potential Using the Physical LANDPLANER Model in the Treated and Control Sub-catchment of the Goorband in Sistan and Baluchestan | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Narges Kariminejad1؛ Abbas Goli Jirandeh2؛ Hadi Alizadeh2؛ Mohsen Hosseinalizadeh1؛ Hamid Reza Pourghasemi3 | ||
| 1Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Faculty of Range and Watershed Management, Dept. of Arid Zone Management, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 2Spatial Sciences Innovators (SSI) Consulting Engineering Co. | ||
| 3Dept. of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of watershed management activities in a representative sub-catchment (treated) and its comparison with a control on, and to identify the erosion sensitive areas in these sub-catchments areas of 58 hectares (control) and 83 hectares (treated) the using UAV photogrammetry. Based on a curve number and four other basic maps (elevation, slope, drainage direction, and accumulation density), three daily precipitation scenarios of 20, 40, and 60 mm were considered to model the LANDPLANER with two indices of Erosion Index and Topographic Threshold. The results were evaluated using the boxplot methods, foufold plot, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The Erosion index (IE) in the LANDPLANER model, considering the maximum daily precipitation of 60 mm, was 0.54821 for the control sub-catchment which was more than that of the treated one (0.15593). The modeling based on the topographic Threshold also showed that the numerical changes of the index between 0-2 in the trated sub-catchment were less than that of the control area(0-3). Therefore, it can be said that due to the appropriate protective operations that had taken place on the treated sub-catchment, this area is in a better condition than the control one, as the volume of soil erosion was less than that of the control sub-catchment. It is informative to know that all of the three precipitation scenarios predict less soil erosion in the treated sub-catchment. Therefore, simulation based on the rainfall and curve number scenarios with LANDPLANER physical model is recommended to evalute the effect of watershed management activities on the paired sub- catchments that are degraded due to soil erosion. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Phisical-based model, paired sub-catchments, Sistan and Baluchestan, UAV | ||
| مراجع | ||
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