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اثر تیمارهای شکست خواب و ترکیب بستر کشت بر جوانه‌زنی بذر و مورفولوژی نهال گیاه کور (Capparis spinosa L.) | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 9، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 19، آذر 1399، صفحه 45-57 اصل مقاله (671.4 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ijsst.2019.125542.1262 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه آگاه1؛ محمدعلی اسماعیلی* 2؛ محمد فرزام3؛ رحمت عباسی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری زراعت (فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی)، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیارگروه زراعت دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| 3استاد گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار گروه زراعت دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| دو آزمایش جداگانه به منظور بررسی جنبه‌های زراعی کشت گیاه بومی و دارویی کور و با هدف بررسی تیمارهای موثر در شکست خواب بذر کور (توده مزداوند) و نیز ارزیابی بستر کشت مناسب هم‌راستا با نظام کشاورزی پایدار، در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در چهار تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها در آزمایش شکست خواب شامل شاهد (آب مقطر)، سرمادهی مرطوب (به مدت 2 و 3 ماه)، جیبرلین (ppm250 و 500 به مدت 12 ساعت)، نیترات پتاسیم (2/0 و 5/0 درصد به مدت 12 ساعت)، خراش‌دهی با سمباده نرم (85%)، حذف پوسته، هیپوکلریت سدیم 5/0% به مدت 5 دقیقه، خراش‌دهی مکانیکی + جیبرلین ppm250، خراش-دهی مکانیکی + نیترات پتاسیم 2/0% و خراش‌دهی مکانیکی + جیبرلین ppm250 + نیترات پتاسیم 2/0% بودند. تیمارها در آزمایش ارزیابی بستر کشت نیز شامل شاهد، کود‌دامی (گاوی پوسیده)، ورمی‌کمپوست و کود زیستی (فسفونیترو‌کارا) بودند. بر اساس نتایج آزمایش اول، تیمار سرمادهی مرطوب به مدت دو و سه ماه مناسب‌ترین تیمار شکست خواب (با 85% درصد جوانه-زنی و سرعت جوانه‌زنی 5/3 بذر در روز) ارزیابی شد. نتایج ارزیابی بستر کشت نیز نشان داد که بستر کشت حاوی ورمی-کمپوست بیشترین درصد سبز شدن گیاهچه، تعداد برگ و بنیه وزنی گیاهچه و تیمارهای ورمی‌کمپوست و کود دامی بالاترین طول برگ، طول اندام هوایی و وزن خشک گیاهچه را داشتند. ورمی‌کمپوست و کود‌دامی موجب افزایش رشد و بهبود ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی نهال گیاه دارویی کور شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بستر کشت؛ خراش‌دهی؛ سرمادهی مرطوب؛ ضریب سرعت جوانه‌زنی؛ کود زیستی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Dormancy Breaking Treatments and Seed Bed Medium on Seed Germination and Morphology of Capparis spinosa L. Seedlings | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fateme Agah1؛ Mohammad Ali Esmaeili2؛ Mohammad Farzam3؛ Rahmat Abasi4 | ||
| 1PhD Student of Agronomy (Crop Physiology), Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy Science, Sari Agricultural Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Sari Agricultural Natural Resources University | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy Science, Sari Agricultural Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Two separate experiments was arranged in a randomized complete design in 4 replicates in order to evaluate agronomy aspects of cultivation and aim of evaluation effective treatments in breaking dormancy of native and valuable medicinal plant, Caper seeds (Mazdavand ecotype) and also to evaluate the best seed bed medium for germination of Caper seeds along with sustainable agricultural systems. Treatments in breaking dormancy test included control (distilled water), pre chilling (for 2 and 3 months), GA3 (250 and 500 ppm for 12 hours), KNO3 (0.2 and 0.5% for 12 hours), scarification with sandpaper (85%), seed coat removal, soaking in NaClO 0.5% for 5 minutes, scarification+250 ppm GA3, scarification+0.2% KNO3, scarification+250ppm GA3+0.2%KNO3. Treatments in evaluation the best seed bed medium experiment included control (soil of habitat), manure fertilizer, vermicompost and bio-fertilizer (phosphonitrokara). According to results of first examination, pre-chilling for 2 and 3 months were the best treatments for breaking dormancy (with 85% germination and 3.5 seeds per day germination rate). Also, results of evaluation the seed bed medium, showed that vermicompost had the highest germination percentage, highest number of leaves and the most seedling weight vigor index. Vermicompost and manure fertilizer had the highest leaf length, shoot length and seedling dry weight. Manure fertilizer and vermicompost, while creating sustainable agricultural conditions, increased the growth and improved morphological characteristics of the Caper medicinal plant seedlings. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Bio-fertilizer, Coefficient of velocity of germination, Pre-chilling, Scarification, Seed bed | ||
| مراجع | ||
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