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شناسایی کانونهای برداشت گرد و غبار در حوزه ی سیستان و تعیین خصوصیات آن‌ها | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 16، دوره 27، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 80، مهر 1399، صفحه 617-631 اصل مقاله (1.4 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2020.128528.1910 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| مهدی بروغنی* | ||
| استادیار مرکز پژوهشی علوم جغرافیا و مطالعات اجتماعی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| حوزه آبخیز سیستان بهعلت خشک شدن دریاچه هامون و خشکسالیهای متوالی در چند سال اخیر سبب وقوع طوفانهای شدید گرد و غبار در منطقه شده است. این تحقیق با هدف شناسایی و تعیین خصوصیات مناطق برداشت گرد و غبار (کاربری اراضی، لیتولوژی، شیب و ژئومرفولوژی) در حوزه آبخیز سیستان میباشد. برای شناسایی کانونهای برداشت گرد و غبار از تصاویر ماهوارهای MODIS روزهای گرد و غباری برای بازه زمانی 2015 تا 2019 با استفاده از شاخصهای بارزسازی گرد و غبار شامل BTD3132، BTD2931، NDDI و D استفاده گردید. نتایج شناسایی کانونهای برداشت گرد و غبار حکایت از آن دارد که در مجموع 211 کانون برداشت گرد و غبار در کل منطقه شناسایی شد. از این تعداد کانون برداشت گرد و غبار شناسایی شده 61 کانون در ایران و 150 کانون در افغانستان قرار دارد. نتایج پراکنش کانونهای برداشت گرد و غبار در کاربریهای مختلف بیان کننده آن است که در اراضی کشاورزی دیم با تعداد 172 کانون و سطوح خشک شده دریاچه و اراضی کشاورزی آبی با هریک 16 و 12 کانون، بعد از اراضی کشاورزی دیم بیشترین کانون برداشت گرد و غبار را دارند. از همپوشانی نقشه لیتولوژی و کانونهای گرد و غبار این نتایج حاصل شد که بیشترین کانون برداشت گرد و غبار به‌ترتیب با 111 و 98 کانون در سازندهای رسوبی پیوسته و ناپیوسته قرار دارد. نتایج پراکنش کانونهای برداشت گرد و غبار در واحدهای ژئومرفولوژی بیان کننده آن است که واحد دشت‌سر فرسایشی با درصد مساحت 69/35، 48 کانون برداشت گرد و غبار بیشترین کانون برداشت را در خود جای داده است. همچنین نتایج پراکنش کانونهای برداشت گرد و غبار در شیبهای مختلف نشان‌دهنده آن است که بیشترین و کمترین کانون برداشت گرد و غبار به‌ترتیب در شیبهای 0 تا 2 و بیشتر از 32 درصد با تعداد 107 و 6 کانون قرار دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کانونهای برداشت گرد و غبار؛ حوزه‌ی سیستان؛ کاربری اراضی؛ ژئومرفولوژی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Identification of dust source area in Sistan basin and determination of their characteristics | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahdi Boroughani | ||
| Assistant Professor of Research Center for Geoscience and Social Studies, Hakim Sabzevari University, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Sistan watershed has caused severe dust storms in the region in recent years due to the drying up of Lake Hamoon and consecutive droughts. This study aimed to identify and determine the characteristics of dust source areas (land use, lithology, slope, and geomorphology) in the Sistan watershed. To identify the dust source area, MODIS satellite images of dust days for the period 2015 to 2019 were used using dust detection indicators including BTD3132, BTD2931, NDDI, and D. The results of identifying dust source area indicate that a total of 211 dust source areas were identified in the whole region. Of these identified dust source area, 61 are in Iran and 150 in Afghanistan. The results of the distribution of dust collection centers in different uses indicate that dryland agricultural lands with 172 centers, dried lake surfaces, and irrigated agricultural lands with 16 and 12 sources have the highest dust collection sources. From the overlap of the lithology map and dust source, it was obtained that the most dust source area with 111 and 98 sources, respectively, are located in continuous and discontinuous sedimentary formations. The results of the distribution of dust source area in geomorphological units indicate that the erosion plain unit with an area of 35.69 percent, 48 dust source area has the highest collection source. Also, the results of the distribution of dust source area in different slopes show that the highest dust source area is in the slopes of 0 to 2% with 107 sources and the lowest located in more slopes of 32%% with 6 sources. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Dust source, Sistan Basin, Land Use, Geomorphology | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 715 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 359 |
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