| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,043 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,036 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 46,406,830 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 77,475,548 |
بررسی تاریخ کاشت‌های مختلف بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی چهار رقم کلزا (Brassica napus. L) در جیرفت | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی | ||
| دوره 33، شماره 02 - شماره پیاپی 127، مرداد 1399، صفحه 135-151 اصل مقاله (776.98 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2020.127819.1433 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا امیری قنات سامان1؛ بهاره پارسامطلق* 2؛ مهدیه امیری نژاد3؛ امان اله سلیمانی4 | ||
| 1فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد رشته اگرواکولوژی دانشگاه جیرفت | ||
| 2گروه زراعت دانشده کشاورزی دانشگاه جیرفت, ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشگاه جیرفت | ||
| 4استادیار و عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه جیرفت | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی و تعیین بهترین تاریخ کاشت و رقم کلزا، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه‌ی پژوهشی دانشگاه جیرفت در سال زراعی 97-1396 اجرا شد. شش تاریخ کاشت 10 و 24 آبان، 8 و 22 آذر، 6 و 20 دی به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار رقم کلزا هایولا 50، آگامکس، تراپر و دلگان به‌عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. صفات تعداد غلاف در بوته، وزن غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف، طول غلاف، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد زیست‌توده، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت، عملکرد پروتئین و عملکرد روغن دانه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد تاریخ کاشت بر تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه اثر معنی‌داری داشت. نتایج تأثیر رقم حاکی از آن بود که ارقام مورد بررسی به‌جز شاخص برداشت از لحاظ سایر صفات مورد بررسی با یکدیگر اختلاف معنی‌داری داشتند. اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت در رقم به‌استثنای صفت طول غلاف و شاخص برداشت بر سایر صفت موردبررسی معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین تعداد غلاف در بوته (44/52 عدد)، تعداد دانه در غلاف (96/30 عدد)، عملکرد دانه (3/1613 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد پروتئین (34/234 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد روغن (68/826 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از تاریخ کاشت 8 آذر و رقم آگامکس حاصل شدکه در مقایسه با ارقام تراپر، هایولا 50 و دلگان بترتیب 28/12، 45/19 و 44/28 درصد افزایش عملکرد دانه داشت. با توجه به نتایج حاصل در شرایط اقلیمی منطقه جیرفت رقم آگامکس در تاریخ کاشت نیمه اول آذر ماه پیشنهاد می شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| شاخص برداشت؛ عملکرد پروتئین؛ عملکرد روغن؛ عملکرد زیست‌توده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of different planting dates on quantitative and qualitative yield of four rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars in Jiroft | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Zahra Amiri Ghanat Saman1؛ Bahareh Parsa Motlagh2؛ Mahdiyeh Amiri Nejad3؛ Aman Allah Soleimani4 | ||
| 1MS Graduated of Agroecology, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran. | ||
| 2Agronomy Department, Agriculture faculty, University of Jiroft, Jirroft, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran. | ||
| 4-Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oily seeds that can be planted under different climatic conditions of Iran (Koocheki & Khajehossini, 2008). One of the factors affecting the performance of rapeseed is planting date. Determining the response of different varieties of crops to environmental variables from planting to harvest is one of the basic principles of agricultural planning in order to achieve maximum yield and quality. Delay in planting results in prolonged grain filling period and high temperature. These conditions result in a decrease in grain yield (Ehshamami et al., 2016). Saberi and Arazmjo (2015) in the study of the effect of planting date on yield and some of agronomic traits of five rapeseed cultivars in Birjand region observed that the cultivars that flowered at the right time produced more pods per plant and had higher seed weight than other cultivars. Materials and Methods A field experiment was conducted at the experimental station of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft (latitude: 28°40´ N; longitude: 57°44´ E; elevation: 650 m) in the growing season of 2016-2017. A split plot layout with a randomized complete block design with three replications was used. The main plots were sowing date at six levels of November 1st, 15th and 29th, December 15th and 27th and January 10th, Rapeseed cultivars were Hyola, Agamax, Traper and Delgan as the sub plot. Each plot was 3×6 m2 and the cultivars were sown in 30 cm intra-rows and 6 cm inter-rows. During the growing season, hand weeding was performed for several times. Drip system was used for irrigation. After harvest, the following traits were measured; number of pods per plant, pod weight per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, biomass yield, harvest index, protein yield and oil yield. Soxhlet method was used to measure oil content and Kjeldahl method was used to measure protein. Results and Discussion The results showed that planting date had a significant effect on all traits (p < 0.05). Interaction effect of planting date × cultivar was significant in the studied traits except for pod length and harvest index. The highest number of pods per plant (52.42), number of seeds per pod (30.96), grain yield (1613.3 kg ha-1), protein yield (234.3 kg / ha-1) and oil yield (68 / 826 kg ha-1) was achieved at the planting date of November 29th with Agamax cultivar. The planting dates of November 1st and 29th produced the highest pod weight per plant of 3.1 g and 1.34 g in Agamax cultivar and of 1.28 g in Teraper cultivar, respectively. The highest 1000-seed weight was observed in Delgan cultivar (5.58 g) at the planting date of November 29th which was followed by Agamax cultivar (3.6 g) at the planting date of November 1st. The highest seed and biomass yield at the planting dates of November 1st, 15th and 29th was recorded with Agamax cultivar, which averaged 6500, 6463.3 and 7043.3 kg/ha, respectively. The highest oil and protein yield was related to Agamax cultivar on November 29th and the lowest protein yield was observed with Dalgan on December 13th. The results of this study were similar to Ehshamami et al., 2016. Conclusion In general, the results of this study showed that planting date had a significant effect on phenological and morphological attributes, oil and protein yields of the rapeseed cultivars. Changes in rapeseed planting date made the plant developmental stages encounter different ecological factors that consequently affected the production of this crop. Delay in planting resulted in the loss of suitable growing conditions and the failure of the crop to reach its potential. Also, delay in planting caused the grain filling period and the accumulation of oil to coincide with higher temperatures, which led to a decrease in seed, oil, and protein yields. Also, according to the climatic conditions of the region during the 2016-2017 growing season, the most appropriate date for sowing of rapeseed in Jiroft was November 29th. The planting dates of December 27th and January 10th were considered inappropriate as the cultivars failed to enter reproductive phase. Based on our results, the most suitable cultivar for cultivation in the region was Agamax. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biomass yield, Harvest index, Oil yield, Protein yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abuzeid, A. E., and Wilcokson, S. J. 1989. Effect of sowing date, plant density and year on growth and yield of Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L.). Journal of Agricultural Science Cambridge, 112: 359-375. Adamsen, F. J., and Coffelt, T. A. 2005. Planting date effects on flowering, seed Amiri Ghant Saman, Z., Amirinejad, M., Parsa Motlagh, B., and Soleimani, A. 2020. Comparison of the effect of different planting dates on oil and protein yield and some growth indicators in four cultivars of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in Jiroft region. 16th National Iranian Crop Science Congress. January 25-27, 2020. Mollasani, Ahvaz, Khuzestan-Iran. Askari, A., and Moradi-Dalini, A. 2005. Evaluation of yield, yield component and vegetative characters of oilrapeseed cultivars in different sowing dates in Haji Abad, Hormozgan. Plant Seed Journal, 23: 419- 430. AOCS. 1993. Official methods and recommended practices. The American Oil Chemists Society Champaign. Azimi, J., Ghasemi, M., Khatami, A., and Hanifi, M. 2012. Effect of planting date and plant density on morphological traits and yield of four varieties of canola (Brassica napus L.) in Astara region. Life Science Journal, 9(4): 4120- 4124. Bouttier, C., and Morgan, D. G. 1991. Determination of seed number per pod in oilseed rape. Proceeding GCIRC Congr 701-707. Coffelt, T.A., and Adamsen, F. J. 2005. Planting date effects on flowering seed yield, and oil content of rape and crambe cultivars. CAB Abstracts. Industrial Crops and Products, 2(3): 293-307. Ehshamami, S., Tharani, A., and Samadi, B. 2012. Effect of planting date on the physiology of performance in different rapeseed cultivars. Process and Function Plant 1(1): 71-87. (In Persian with English abstract). Ehshamami, S., Tharani, A., and Samadi, B. 2016. Effect of planting date on some phenological, morphological, yield and yield components of five rapeseed cultivars. Agriculture (Research and Development) 109: 111-120. (In Persian with English abstract). Emami, A. 1996. Methods of plant analysis. Journal of Research Organization and Education and Agricultural Extension. 982: 11-28. Falahaki, M. H., Yadavi, A. R., Movahedi Dehnavi, M., and Balochi, H. R. 2011. Oilseed, protein and seed yield of rapeseed cultivars in different planting dates in Yasouj area. Production of Crops 4(2): 222-207. (In Persian with English abstract). Fanayi, H. R., Kaykha, G.H., Davtalab, N., and Sarawani, F. 2015. Evaluation of yield and yield components of rapeseed (Brassica oleracea L.) genotypes in response to late planting. Agriculture (Research and Development) 108: 65-73. (In Persian with English abstract). Fanayi, H. R., Galavi, M., Ghanbari Bongar, A., Solouki, M., and Naruoei-Rad, FAO. 2017. Stat Database: http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefaulate.aspx/.Accessed 14 May 2010. Faraji, A., and Esmaeil Asadi, M. 2009. Applied Principles of Oil Seeds Cultivation. Iranian Agricultural Sciences Publications, 84 p. (In Persian with English abstract). Hashm, J. J., and Jalal Mahmood, B. 2016. Effect of Sowing dates, rates and their interactions on yield and quality of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes. 2nd scientific agricultural conference /Univesity of Duhok, Volume: Special Issue /JDU, p. 1-13. Kalantar Ahmadi, S. A., Ebadi, A., and Syadat, S. A. 2014. Response of rapeseed cultivars to change sowing date in northern Khuzestan. Production and Processing of Crops and Gardens, 14: 131-123. (In Persian with English abstract). Khajehpour. H. R. 2012. Fundamentals and foundations of Agriculture. Jahad University Press. Isfahan University of Technology. 398 p. Khosravi-Manesh, R. 2007. Investigation of sowing date effect on yield and agronomical traits of Canola cultivars in Damavand cold region. Msc Thesis of agronomy. University of Tehran, Abureyhan Campus. 132 p. (In Persian with English abstract). Koocheki, A. R., and Khajeh Hosseini, M. 2008. Modern Agronomy. Jehad-e university of Mashhad press. Mahler, K. A., and Auld, D. L. 1991. Effect of population and environment on yield and quality of winter rapeseed in the U.S.A. In: Proceedings of International Canola Conference, Sasckatoon. Canada. Mohagheghin, A., and Aboutalebian, M. A. 2014. Study of Sowing Date and Seed Priming Effect on Seed Yield, Its Components and Some of Agronomic and Qualitative Properties of Two Spring Canola Cultivars in Hamedan. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research,12( 3): 516-525. (In Persian with English abstract). Mustafavirad, M., Shariati, F., and Mostafavirad, S. 2012. Effect of planting date on quantitative and qualitative yield of four rapeseed cultivars compatible with cold regions in Arak. Production of Crops, 5(2): 159-167. (In Persian with English abstract). Robertson, M. J., Holland, J. F., and Bambach, R. 2004. Response of canola and Saberi, M. H., and Arazmjo, A. 2015. Effect of planting date on yield and some agronomic traits of five rapeseed cultivars in Birjand. Predatory research 7(1): 1-9. Scarisbrick, D. H., Daniels, R. W., and Alcock, M. 1981. The effect of sowing date on the yield and yield components of spring oil-seed rape. Journal Agriculture Science, 97: 189-195. Sharafizadeh, M., Enayat Gholizadeh, M. R., Aryannia, N., and Razaz, M. 2012. Effect of planting date and planting pattern on quality and quantity yield of canola hybrid seed (Hayola 401). Advances in Environmental Biology, 6(7): 2184-2189. Shirani Rad, A.M., Alizadeh, B., Amiri Oghan, H., and Rahman Poor, S. 2019. Technical instructions for the production of rapeseed in different climates of the country. Organization of Seed and Seed Improvement Research Institute. (In Persian). Tahmasebi, G.H.R., Asyadat, S., Pourshaabidi, M., and Naseri, R. 2012. Effect of planting dates on grain yield and vegetative traits of rapeseed cultivars in Ilam region. Ecophysiology of Crops, 7(3): 241-258. (In Persian with English abstract). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,748 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 721 |
||