1بخش زنبور عسل، موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
2بخش میکروب شناسی، موسسه تحقیقات واکسن و سرم سازی رازی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
3بخش ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد دام، موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
چکیده
عسل، فراورده اصلی صنعت زنبورداری است و فرم تغلیظ‌شده‌ای از قند است که نه تنها به عنوان یک شیرین‌کننده یا منبع غذایی استفاده می‌شود، بلکه با توجه به خواص دارویی و درمانی، مصارف پزشکی متعددی نیز دارد. زنبورعسل کوچک یکی از دو گونه اصلی زنبورعسل موجود در ایران می‌باشد که سهم بسیاری در تولید عسل ایران دارد. با این حال مطالعه‌ای تا کنون در رابطه با بررسی خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی عسل تولید شده توسط این زنبور در ایران انجام نشده است. در این پژوهش کیفیت تعدادی از نمونه‌های عسل تولید شده در نواحی مختلف کشور شامل بوشهر، چابهار، دزفول، ایرانشهر، جهرم، جیرفت و رودان از نقطه نظر اسیدیته، pH، رطوبت، درصد ساکارز، گلوکز، فروکتوز، پرولین، دیاستاز، خاکستر و هیدروکسی متیل فورفورال مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که متوسط میزان اسیدیته، pH، رطوبت، ساکارز، فروکتوز، گلوکز، پرولین، دیاستاز، خاکستر و هیدروکسی متیل فورفورال عسل زنبورعسل کوچک به ترتیب 5/18-15 (mEq/kg)، % 52/4-13/4 ، % 89/14-23/12 ، % 8/3-صفر ، % 19/39-28/29 ، % 89/36-73/30 ، 347027-208048 mg/kg، 36- 99/30 ºG ، 16/0 – 09/0 و 46/19-صفر mg/kg می‌باشد. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده میزان پارامترهای مورد محاسبه با استانداردهای کدکس برای عسل مطابقت دارد. به طور کلی علاوه بر کیفیت بالای عسل، زنبورعسل کوچک نقش موثری در گرده افشانی گیاهان مناطق جنوبی کشور داشته و امید است محافظت بیشتری از از این ذخیره ژنتیکی با ارزش کشورمان در برابر خطراتی که این گونه را به دلیل عدم شناخت کشاورزان تهدید می‌کند، انجام گیرد.
Evaluation of physicochemical characteristics of Apis florea honey in some southern provinces of Iran
نویسندگان [English]
Sh. Parichehreh1؛ Gh. Tahmasbi1؛ P. Khaki2؛ M. Babaei3
1Honeybee Department, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
2Department of Microbiology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
3Honeybee Department, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]
Honey is not only considered as a fabulous food product, but also it has healing properties. It is clear that quality of honey can be affected by various factors. In this study, the quality of several honey samples which are produced in different parts of Iran including: Bushehr, Chabahar, Dezful, Iranshahr, Jahrom, Jiroft and Ruan.These products were analyzed in terms of acidity, pH, moisture content, sucrose percentage, fructose, glucose, proline, diastase, Ash and hydroxyl-methyl furfural. The results showed that the calculated parameters correspond to the standard provided by the Codex. The results showed that the mean values of acidity, pH, moisture content, sucrose percentage, fructose, glucose, proline, diastase, ash and hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) of dwarf honeybee honey were 15-18.5, 4.13-4.52, 12.23-14.89, 0-3.8, 29.28-39.19, 30.73-36.89, 208.48-347.27, 30-36.99, 0.09-0.16, 0-19.46, respectively. Based on the results, the calculated parameters correspond to the codex standards of honey. It is hoped that due to effective role of this species in pollination of plants and the favorable quality of produced honey, therefore, as result of low information among farmers, it would be better to protect this species against the dangers that threaten.
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