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بررسی پتانسیل جدایههای بومی قارچهای بیمارگر حشرات بهعنوان عامل کنترل بیولوژیک سفیدبالک گلخانه Trialeurodes vaporariorum | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 7، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 13، شهریور 1398، صفحه 127-142 اصل مقاله (280.04 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2019.121741 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعیده جاور* ؛ شهرام فرخی؛ بی‌تا عسگری؛ فرزانه پارسی | ||
| مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اولین اقدام برای تولید انبوه و تجاریسازی جدایههای بومی قارچهای بیمارگر حشرات، جمعآوری و بررسی میزان تأثیر این جدایهها روی حشره آفت میباشد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی بیمارگری36 جدایهی قارچی تهیه شده از مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور روی آفت Trialeurodes vaporariorumبود. بهدلیل کثرت جدایهها، در ابتدا پتانسیل بیمارگری این جدایهها روی لارو سن چهارم Galleria mellonellaبهعنوان حشره شاخص بررسی شد. جدایهای از جنس Beauveria bassiana(کد A1–1) با میانگین تلفات 75 درصد بالاترین و پس از آن جدایههای IRAN1787C، IRAN1751C، IRAN1395C، IRAN428C و IRAN441C به ترتیب با 50/57، 55، 50/52، 50 و 45 درصد مرگومیر، تلفات نسبتا خوبی داشتند. این شش جدایه برای انجام ارزیابی میزان رشد رویشی، اسپورزایی و زیستسنجی روی پورههای سفیدبالک گلخانه انتخاب شدند.در آزمایش زیستسنجی، جدایهها در پنج غلظت 104، 105، 106 ،107 و 108 کنیدی بر میلیلیتر روی پورههای سن سوم سفیدبالک گلخانه ارزیابی و میزان LC50 و LT50این جدایهها محاسبه گردید. بیشترین رشد رویشی به ترتیب در جدایههای IRAN428C، IRAN1395C، A1–1، IRAN1787C، IRAN441C و IRAN1751C و بالاترین میزان اسپورزایی به ترتیب در جدایههای IRAN1787C، A1–1، IRAN428C، IRAN1395C، IRAN441C و IRAN1751C مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد که جدایه A1–1 کمترین میزان LC50و LT50را در همهی غلظتهای بررسی شده داراست. میزان رشد رویشی و اسپورزایی این جدایه، به ترتیب رتبة سوم و دوم را در بین سایر جدایهها نشان داد. با توجه به نتایج، جدایه A1–1 بهعنوان مؤثرترین جدایه برای کنترل سفیدبالک گلخانه معرفی میگردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| قارچ بیمارگر حشرات؛ سفیدبالک؛ پروانه موم‌خوار؛ گلخانه؛ غربالگری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating on the potential of local isolates of entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents against greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Saeedeh Javar؛ Shahram Farrokhi؛ Bita Asgari؛ Farzaneh Parsi | ||
| Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extention | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The initial step to mass production and commercialization of native entomopathogenic fungal isolates includes collection as well as evaluation of their pathogenesis on the pest. This research aims to investigate the pathogenicity of 36 local fungal isolates collected from the Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran against greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum. Due to the variation of the collected isolates volume, a preliminary screening test carried out on the fourth instars of a model insect Galleria mellonella. Based on the obtained results, the Beauveria bassiana A1–1 isolate showed the highest mortality with an average of 75%, followed by IRAN1787C, IRAN1751C, IRAN1395C, IRAN428C and IRAN441C with mean mortality rates of 57.50, 55, 52.50, 50 and 45%, respectively. Subsequently, the isolates were selected for evaluation of vegetative growth, sporulation and bioassay tests on greenhouse whitefly. In the bioassay test, five concentrations of the isolates (104, 105, 106, 107 and 108 conidia/ml) were tested on the third–instar of whitefly nymphs, and then the parameters LC50 and LT50 of the isolates were calculated. The highest vegetative growth rate belonged to IRAN428C, IRAN1395C, A1–1, IRAN1787C, IRAN441C and IRAN1751C isolates while the highest sporulation rate belonged to IRAN1787C, A1–1, IRAN428C, IRAN1395C, IRAN441C and IRAN1751C, respectively. The results showed that the A1–1 isolate indicated the lowest LC50 and LT50 values among all used concentrations. Moreover, its vegetative growth and sporulation ranked third and second among all the collected isolates, respectively. Therefore, the A1–1 isolate is being introduced as the most effective biocontrol agent to control greenhouse whitefly. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| entomopathogenic fungi, whitefly, greater wax moth, greenhouse, screening | ||
| مراجع | ||
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