| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,084 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,415 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 48,567,301 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 79,143,557 |
تأثیر مالچ‌‌های آلی بر کاهش مقدار رسوب مسیرهای چوبکشی در جنگل خیرود | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 28، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 79، خرداد 1399، صفحه 73-84 اصل مقاله (376.47 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2020.341961.1908 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| معصومه احمدی1؛ مقداد جورغلامی* 2؛ باریس مجنونیان3؛ شهرام خلیقی سیگارودی4 | ||
| 1دکتری مهندسی جنگل، گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی،استاد گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یکی از فعالیت‌های مهم مهندسی جنگل، تلاش برای کاهش رسوب در مسیرهای چوبکشی است. در پژوهش پیش‌رو، تأثیر استفاده از مالچ‌‌های مختلف با نرخ‌های متفاوت بر کاهش مقدار رسوب مسیرهای چوبکشی و مقایسه آن با مسیر چوبکشی بدون تیمار (فاقد مالچ) و جنگل شاهد (دستنخورده) بررسی شده است. این پژوهش به‌مدت 13 ماه (شهریور 1396 تا مهر 1397) در بخش نم‌‌خانه جنگل خیرود نوشهر در شرایط بارندگی طبیعی انجام شد. قطعه‌‌نمونه‌های شش متر مربعی در قالب سه تکرار برای تعیین مقدار رسوب استفاده شدند. سه تیمار مالچ طبیعی شامل خاک‌‌اره، لاش‌برگ و سرشاخه و کلش برنج با سه نرخ متفاوت (براساس وزن مواد) مقایسه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که کمترین مقدار رسوب مربوط به جنگل دستنخورده (شاهد) و بیشترین مقدار متعلق به مسیر چوبکشی بدون تیمار بود. در مقایسه با مسیر چوبکشی بدون تیمار، استفاده از مالچ‌‌های خاک‌‌اره، کلش برنج و لاش‌برگ و سرشاخه به‌ترتیب سبب کاهش مقدار رسوب به‌‌‌اندازه 1/13، 2/10 و 3/7 برابر شد. براساس نتایج این پژوهش، استفاده از مالچ به‌‌ویژه خاک‌‌اره سبب کاهش معنی‌دار مقدار رسوب تولیدی در مسیرهای چوبکشی می‌‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| خاک‌‌اره؛ سرشاخه و لاش‌برگ؛ کلش برنج؛ کوبیدگی خاک؛ هیدرولوژی جنگل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of organic mulches on the sediment reduction of the skid trails in the Kheyrud forest, Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Masoume Ahmadi1؛ Meghdad Jourgholami2؛ Baris Majnounian3؛ Shahram Khalighi-Sigaroodi4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. of Forest Engineering, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Prof., Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The role of forest engineering is crucial for restoring and reclaiming of skid trails, one of these being to reduce sediment yields along the trails. This study aimed to measure sediment yield in the skid trails covered by different organic mulches and to compare it with an untreated trail and control plot (i.e., undisturbed forest). This research was conducted for 13 months (from September 2017 to October 2018) in the Namkhaneh district, Kheiroud forest, Nowshahr under the natural rainfall condition. Six-square-meter plots were used in three replications to determine the amount of sediment. Three natural mulch treatments were used in this study, including sawdust, leaf litter, and straw, and there were mulched at three different rates (based on material weight). The highest and lowest amount of sediment was obtained in the untreated skid trail and undisturbed forest, respectively. Our results demonstrated that the application of sawdust, straw, and leaf litter mulches reduced the sediment yield by 13.1, 10.2, and 7.3 times compared to the untreated trail, respectively. Overall, it can be concluded that the application of mulches, especially sawdust, has a significant impact on sediment reduction. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Forest hydrology, leaf litter, sawdust, soil compaction, straw | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abrantes, J.R.C.B., Prats, S.A., Keizer, J.J. and de Lima, J.L.M.P., 2018. Effectiveness of the application of rice straw mulching strips in reducing runoff and soil loss: Laboratory soil flume experiments under simulated rainfall. Soil and Tillage Research, 180: 238-249. - Ahmadi, M., Jourgholami, M., Majnounian, B. and Khalighi, Sh., 2019. The effect of sawdust mulch application on amount of runoff in the skid trails (Case study: Kheyrud Forest). Iranian Journal of Forest, 11(3): 297-307 (In Persian). - Akbarimehr, M. and Naghdi, R., 2012. Assessing the relationship of slope and runoff volume on skid trails (Case study: Nav 3 district). Journal of Forest Science, 58(8): 357-362. - Cambi, M., Certini, G., Neri, F. and Marchi, E., 2015. The impact of heavy traffic on forest soils: a review. Forest Ecology and Management, 338: 124-138. - Cleophas, F., Musta, B., How, P.M. and Bidin, K., 2017. Runoff and soil erosion in selectively-logged over forest, Danum Valley Sabah, Malaysia. Transactions on Science and Technology, 4(4): 449-459. - Etehadi Abari, M., Majnounian, B., Malekian, A. and Jourgholami, M., 2017. Effects of forest harvesting on runoff and sediment characteristics in the Hyrcanian forests, northern Iran. European Journal of Forest Research, 136(2): 375-386. - Farahnak, M., Mitsuyasu, K., Jeong, S., Otsuki, K., Chiwa, M., Sadeghi, S.M.M. and Kume, A., 2019. Soil hydraulic conductivity differences between upslope and downslope of two coniferous trees on a hillslope. Journal of Forest Research, 24(3): 143-152. - Hakimi, L., Sadeghi, S.M.M., Van Stan, J.T., Pypker, T.G. and Khosropour, E., 2018. Management of pomegranate (Punica granatum) orchards alters the supply and pathway of rain water reaching soils in an arid agricultural landscape. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 259: 77-85. - Hartanto, H., Prabhu, R., Widayat, A.S.E. and Asdak, C., 2003. Factors affecting runoff and soil erosion: plot-level soil loss monitoring for assessing sustainability of forest management. Forest Ecology and Management, 180(1-3): 361-374. - Heninger, R., Scott, W., Dobkowski, A., Miller, R., Anderson, H. and Duke, S., 2002. Soil disturbance and 10-year growth response of coast Douglas-fir on nontilled skid trails in the Oregon Cascades. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32(2): 233-246. - Imani, P., Lotfalian, M., Parsakhoo, A. and Naghdi, R., 2018. Investigating the performance of some improvement treatments in restoring soil physical properties of skid trails (Case Study: Darabkola Forest, Sari). Iranian Journal of Forest, 10(2): 181-195 (In Persian). - Iserloh, T., Ries, J.B., Cerdà, A., Echeverría, M.T., Fister, W., Geißler, C., … and Seeger, M., 2012. Comparative measurements with seven rainfall simulators on uniform bare fallow land. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, 57(1): 193-201. - Joriz, S., Jourgholami, M., Malekian, A. and Etehadi Abari, M., 2019. Evaluating the forest harvesting operations impact on sediment yield in forest watershed (Case study: Kheyrud forest). Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 72(3): 665-681 (In Persian). - Jourgholami, M. and Etehadi Abari, M., 2017. Effectiveness of sawdust and straw mulching on postharvest runoff and soil erosion of a skid trail in a mixed forest. Ecological Engineering, 109: 15-24. - Jourgholami, M. and Majnounian, B., 2018. Forest Sustainable Harvesting. University of Tehran Press, Tehran, 546p (In Persian).- Li, H., Zhao, X., Gao, X., Ren, K. and Wu, P., 2018. Effects of water collection and mulching combinations on water infiltration and consumption in a semiarid rainfed orchard. Journal of Hydrology, 558: 432-441. - Jourgholami, M., Fathi, K. and Labelle, E.R., 2018. Effects of foliage and traffic intensity on runoff and sediment in skid trails after trafficking in a deciduous forest. European Journal of Forest Research, 137(2): 223-235. - Lotfalian, M., Parsakhoo, A., Sadeghi, M. and Nazariani, N., 2018. Comparison of soil compaction recovery methods on skid trails. Journal of Forest Research and Development, 4(1): 59-71 (In Persian). - Masumian, A., Naghdi, R., Zenner, E.K., Nikooy, M. and Lotfalian, M., 2017. Comparison of different erosion control techniques in the Hyrcanian forest in northern Iran. Journal of Forest Science, 63(12): 549-554. - Naghdi, R., Bagheri, I. and Basiri, R., 2010. Soil disturbances due to machinery traffic on steep skid trail in the north mountainous forest of Iran. Journal of Forestry Research, 21(4): 497-502. - Parsakhoo, A., Mostafa, M. and Pourmalekshah, A.A.M.A., 2017. The effects of slash and sawdust on reducing soil compaction on skid trails. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 25(1): 172-183 (In Persian). - Prats, S.A., Wagenbrenner, J.W., Martins, M.A.S., Malvar, M.C. and Keizer, J.J., 2016. Mid-term and scaling effects of forest residue mulching on post-fire runoff and soil erosion. Science of the Total Environment, 573: 1242-1254. - Rab, M.A., 2004. Recovery of soil physical properties from compaction and soil profile disturbance caused by logging of native forest in Victorian Central Highlands, Australia. Forest Ecology and Management, 191(1-3): 329-340. - Ramos-Scharrón, C.E. and MacDonald, L.H., 2005. Measurement and prediction of sediment production from unpaved roads, St John, US Virgin Islands. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 30(10): 1283-1304. - Sadeghi, S.M.M., Gordon, D.A. and Van Stan II, J.T., 2020. A global synthesis of throughfall and stemflow hydrometeorology: 49-70. In: Van Stan II, J.T., Gutmann, E. and Friesen, J. (Eds.). Precipitation Partitioning by Vegetation: A Global Synthesis. Springer Nature, Cham, 281p. - Sadeghi, S.M.M., Van Stan II, J.T., Pypker, T.G. and Friesen, J., 2017. Canopy hydrometeorological dynamics across a chronosequence of a globally invasive species, Ailanthus altissima (Mill., tree of heaven). Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 240-241: 10-17. - Sadeghi, S.M.M., Van Stan, J.T., Pypker, T.G., Tamjidi, J., Friesen, J. and Farahnaklangroudi, M., 2018. Importance of transitional leaf states in canopy rainfall partitioning dynamics. European Journal of Forest Research, 137(1): 121-130. - Siegrist, S., Schaub, D., Pfiffner, L. and Mader, P., 1998. Does organic agriculture reduce soil erodibility? The results of a long- term field study on loess in Switzerland. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 69: 253-264. - Solgi, A., Naghdi, R., Labelle, E.R. and Zenner, E.K., 2018. The effects of using soil protective mats of varying compositions and amounts on the intensity of soil disturbances caused by machine traffic. International Journal of Forest Engineering, 29(3): 199-207. - Turk, Y. and Yildiz, M., 2019. The effects of wood chips and slash usage on skid trail sheet erosion caused by log skidding using a farm tractor. Šumarski list, 143(5-6): 241-249. - Walling, D.E., Collins, A.L., Sichingabula H.A. and Leek, G.J.L., 2001. Integrated assessment of catchment suspended sediment budgets: A Zambian example. Land Degradation and Development, 12(5): 387-415. - Webb, R.H., 2002. Recovery of severely compacted soils in the Mojave Desert, California, USA. Arid Land Research and Management, 16(3): 291-305. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 539 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 372 |
||