1- Abecia J.A., Palac I., Forcada F. and Valares J.A. (2006) The effect of melatonin treatment on the ovarian response of ewes to the ram effect. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. 31: 52-62.
2- Atalay Uslua B, Tasalb I, Gulyuza F, Sendagb S, Ucarc O, Goerike S and Wehrendd A (2012) Effects of oestrus synchronisation using melatonin and norgestomet implants followed by eCG injection upon reproductive traits of fat-tailed Morkaraman ewes during suckling, anoestrus season. Small Ruminant Research. 108: 102-106.
3- Bessa, R.J.B., Portugal, P.V., Mendes, I., and Santos-Silva, J. 2005. Effect of lipid supplementation on growth performance, carcass and meat quality and fatty acid composition of intramuscular lipids of lambs fed dehydrated lucerne or concentrate. Livest. Prod. Sci. 96: 185-194.
4- Chemineau, P., Daeau, A., Bodin, L., Gomez, B. A. and Malpaux, B. 2002. Sheep as a mammalian model of genetic variability in melatonin. Reporoduction Fertility Suplement. 59:181-190.
5- Chetsawang B, Putthaprasart C, Phansuwan-pujito ,Govitrapong P. Melatonin protects against hydrogen cells: Involvement of nuclear factor kappa B, Bax and Bcl-2. J Pineal Res. 2006;41(2):116-23.
6- Coppock CE and Wilks DL, 1991. Supplemental fat in high energy rations for lactation cows: effects on intake, digestion, milk yield, and composition. J Anim Sci 69: 3826- 3837.
7- Daghigh Kia, H. and A.H. Asgari Safdar. 2015. Effects of calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA) with different profiles (w3 and w6) during the flushing period on reproductive performance of ‘Afshari ’ ewes. Small Ruminant Research, 126: 1-8.
8- Dowing J.A., Joss, J., Connel, P., Scaramuzzi, R.J. (1995) Ovulation rate and the concentration of gonadotrophic and metabolic hormones in ewes fed lupin grin. J Reprod Fertil Dev. 103: 137-145.
9- El-Shahat, K.H. and A.M. Abo-Elmaaty. 2010. The effect of dietary supplementation with calcium salts of long chain fatty acids and/or L-carnitine on ovarian activity of Rahmani ewes. Animal Reproduction Science, 117: 78-82.
10- Esmaeili-Zadeh, A., S.R. Miraei-Ashtiani and M. Akbari Gharaei. 2002. Effects of ewe live weight and body condition at mating on fertility and lambing season of Kurdy sheep in extensive production system. Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 61: 8-16 (In Farsi).
11- Ferreira, E.M., Pires, A.V., Susin, I., Gentil, R.S., Parente, M.O.M., Nolli, C.P., Meneghini, R.C.M., Mendes, C.Q., and Ribeiro, C.V.D.M. 2014. Growth, feed intake, carcass characteristics, and meat fattyacid profile of lambs fed soybean oil partially replacedby fish oil blend. J. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol. 187: 9– 18.
12- Forcada, F., Abecia, J. A., Cebrian- Perez, J. A., Muino- Blanco, T., Valares, J. A., Palacin, I. and Casao, A. 2006. The effect of melatonin implants during the seasonal anestrus on embryo production after superovulation in aged high-prolificacy Rasa Aragonesa ewes. Theriogenology. 65: 356–365.
13- Forcada, F., Zarazaga, L. and Abecia, J. A., 1995. Effect of exogenous melatonin and plane of nutrition after weaning on estrous activity, endocrine status and ovulation rate in Salz ewes lambing in the seasonal anoestrus. Theriogenology, 43, 1179–1193.
14- Foroozandeh, A.D., M. Shahzeydi, H.R. Amini, S.M. Nasrollahi and G.R. Ghalamkari. 2014. The effect of fat type and L-carnitine administration on growth, feed digestibility and blood metabolites of growing Afshari lambs. Livestock Science, 164: 67-71.
15- Frost And Niasseri Naslaghi, M (1383). Comparison of three methods for the establishment of estrus synchronization in the squirrel sheep outside the reproductive season. The first Animal Sciences and Aquaculture Congress of the country. (In Farsi).
16- Gomes BA, LoPez A, Picazo RA, Cabellos B and Goddard S (1995) Reproductive response and LH secretion in ewes treated to melatonin implants and indicated to ovulate with the ram effect. Animal Reproduction Science. 30: 23-34.
17- Gomes, J.D., Balasch, S., Gomes, L.D., Martino, A. and N. Fernandez. 2006. A comparison between intravaginal progestagen and melatonin implant treatments on the reproductive efficiency of ewes. Small Ruminant Research. 66: 156-163.
18- Greenwood, R.H., E.C. Titgemeyer, G.L. Stokka, J.S. Drouillard and C.A. Loset. 2001. Effects of Lcarnitine on nitrogen retention and blood metabolites of growing steers and performances of finishing steer. Animal Science, 79: 254-260.
19- Gulliver, C.E., M.A. Friend, B.J. King and E.H. Clayton. 2012. The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in reproduction of sheep and cattle. Animal Reproduction Science, 131: 9- 22.
20- Hajilou, M., M. Dehghan-Banadaky, A. Zali and K. Rezayazdi. 2013. The effects of dietary Lcarnitine and rumen-protected choline on growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood and rumen metabolites of Holstein young bulls. Applied Animal Research, 42: 98-96.
21- Hiroshi T, Akihisa T, Ichiro M. Oxidative stress impairs oocyte quality and melatonin protects oocytes from free radical damage and improves fertilization rate. J Pineal Res. 2008;44(3):280-343.
22- Hughes, J. 2011. The effect of dietary omega-3 and -6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on ovine ovarian function and the pre-implanation embryo. Ph.D. Dissertation, Nottingham University. 17. Kaps, M. and W.R. Lamberson. 2004. Biostatistics for animal science. 7 th., Page 459.
23- Khalidari (1382). Principles of breeding sheep and goats. Tehran University Jihad Publishing House, 45-66. (In Farsi).
24- Khorasani GR, Boer G, Robinson PH and kennelly JJ (1992) Effect of canola fat on ruminal and total tract digestion, plasma hormones, and metabolites in lactating dairy cows. Journal Dairy Science 75:492-501.
25- Kwan, J.S., Snook, J.T., Wardlaw, G.M., and Hwang, D.H. 1991. Effects of diets high in saturated fatty acids, canola oil, or safflower oil on platelet function, thromboxane B2 formation, and fatty acid composition of platelet phospholipids. Am. J. Clin. Nut. 54: 351–358.
26- Lacount, D.W., J.K. Drackely and G.J. Weigel. 1995. Responses of dairy cows during early lactation to ruminal or abomasal administration of L-carnitine. Dairy Science, 78: 1824-1836.
27- Laliotis, V., Vosniakou, A., Zafrakas, A., Lymberopoulous, A. and Alifakiotis, T. 1998. The effect of melatonin on lambing and litter size in milking ewes after advancing the breeding season with progestagen and PMSG followed by artificial insemination. Small Ruminant Research, 31, 79–81.
28- Lopez A and Inskeep EK (1991) Response of ewes of Mediterranean sheep breeds to subcutaneous implant of melatonin. Livestock Production Science. 27: 177-184.
29- Luther JS, Redmer DA, Reynolds LP, Choi JT, Pant D, Navanukraw C, et al. Ovarian follicular development and oocyte quality in anestrous ewes treated with melatonin, a Controlled Internal Drug Release (CIDR) device and follicle stimulating hormone. Theriogenology. 2005;63(8):2136-46.
30- Mallampati RS, Pope AL and Casida LE (1971) Effect of suckling of postpartum anestrus in ewes lambing in different seasons of the year. Journal of Animal Science. 32: 673-676.
31- Mattos, R., C.R. Staples and W.W. Thatcher. 2000. Effects of dietary fatty acids on reproduction in ruminants. Reproduction and Fertility, 5: 38-45.
32- Misztal, T., Romanowicz, K. and Barcikowski, B. 2004. Effect of melatonin Lutenizing Hormone secretion in anestrous ewes following dopamine and opiate receptor blokede. Animal Reproduction Science. 81: 245-259.
33- MotLomelo, k. C., Grilling, J. P. C. and Schwalbach, L. M. J. 2002. Synchronization of estrus in goats: the use of different progestagen treatments. Small Ruminant Research. 45:45-49.
34- Mousavi and Sashed Zari as )1390( Effect of Melatonin with Progestogens on Ewe Fertility Indices in Non-Reproductive Season. Researches: Animal Science of Iran. 3: 88-92. (In Farsi).
35- Mylne, M.J.A., Hunton, J.R., Buckrll, B.C. (1996) Artificial insemination of sheep. In: CurrentTherapy in Large Animal Theriogenology.Youngquist, R.S. (ed.). WB Saunders Company. philadelphia USA. p. 585-594.
36- Papachristoforou C, Koumas A and Photiou C (2007) Initiation of the breeding season in ewe lambs and goat kids with melatonin implants. Small Ruminant Research. 73: 122-126.
37- Petit, H.V. and H. Twagiramungu. 2006. Conception rate and reproductive Function of dairy cows fed different fat sources. Theriogenology, 66: 1316-1324.
38- Ponnampalam, E., Sinclair, A., Egan, A., Blakeley, S., Li, D., and Leury, B. 2001. Effect of dietary modification of muscle long-chain n-3 fatty acid on plasma insulin and lipid metabolites, carcass traits, and fat deposition in lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 79: 895-903.
39- Robinson, R.S., P.G. Pushpakumara, Z. Cheng, A.R. Peters, D.R. Abayasekara and D.C. Wathes. 2002. Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on ovarian and uterine function in lactating dairy cows. Reproduction, 124: 119-131.
40- Soofi-Siawash, R. and H. Janmohammadi. 2011. Animal nutrition, 6 edn, Amidi Publications, Iran, 908 PP (In Farsi).
41- Staples CR, Burke JM and Thatcher WW. 1998, Influence of supplemental fats on reproductive tissues and performance of lactating cows. J Dairy Sci 81:856–71.
42- Staples, C. R., J. E. P. Santos, and W. W. Thatcher. 2008. Lipid-fatty acid supplements and reproduction/health implications. Proc. Dairy Cattle Reprod. Counc. Conf, Denver, CO. pp 53-62.
43- Stellflug J. N., Fitzgerald J.A., Parker C.F., Bolt, D. 1988. Influence of concentration, duration and route of administration of melatonin on reproductive performance of spring-mated polypay and polypay-cross ewes.- Journal of animal science 66:1855- 1863.
44- Suchetzari, AS, M. Ugani, and A. Nisseri Nelshaji. (1384) Evaluation of the efficacy of administration of melatonin in Atabey ram on reproductive parameters of ewes. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Volume 61, Issue 2, Pages: .181-185. (In Farsi).
45- Swathea, A., S. M Mousavi. (1385). The effect of melatonin administration with progestogens on epidermal fertility indices in non-reproductive season. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 84-88. (In Farsi).
46- Szell, A., Mcleod, I.M., Windsor, D.P., Kelly, R.W. (1994) Productionof identical twins lambsby embryo splitting. Theriogenology. 41: 1643-1652.
47- Valasi F, Tsiligianni T, Papanikolaou T, Dimitriadis I, Vainas E, Samartzi F. Melatonin improves the developmental competence of sheep oocytes. Reprod Domest Anim. 2006;41:341.
48- Zeleke M, Greyling J and Schwalbach L (2005) Effect of progestagen and PMSG on oestrous synchronization and fertility in Dorper ewes during the transition period. Small Ruminant Researche 56:47-53.