| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,846 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,300 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 41,387,166 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 18,562,194 |
تغییر در ساختار شیمیایی و آب‌گریزکردن چوب پالونیا با رزین فلوئوروکربن | ||
| تحقیقات علوم چوب و کاغذ ایران | ||
| مقاله 43، دوره 35، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 71، مرداد 1399، صفحه 178-194 اصل مقاله (898.35 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijwpr.2020.341853.1601 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آیسونا طلائی1؛ محمد هادی رضوانی* 2؛ حسینعلی رجبی چم حیدری3 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه علوم و تکنولوژی صنایع چوب، دانشکده مهندسی مواد و فناوری‌های نوین، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجائی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2گروه علوم و تکنولوژی صنایع چوب، دانشکده مهندسی مواد و فناوری های نوین، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران | ||
| 3گروه علوم و تکنولوژی صنایع چوب، دانشکده مهندسی مواد و فناوری های نوین، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کاربرد گسترده چوب‌های اصلاح شیمیایی/گرمایی‌شده در مصارف بیرونی و محیط‌های با رطوبت نسبی و دمای بالا، اهمیت استفاده از مونومرهای فوق آب‌گریز را دوچندان نموده است. در بررسی اثر اصلاح با فلوئوروکربن به‌عنوان اتصال‌دهنده بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و ساختار شیمیایی چوب پالونیا، تیمارگرمایی در دو سطح دمایی 150 و 160 درجه سانتی‌گراد و اصلاح شیمیایی با فلوئوروکربن در دو سطح 15 و 25 درصد انجام شد. اصلاح شیمیایی/گرمایی سبب می‌شود که مونومر و سپس گرما به‌صورت یکنواخت به داخل چوب منتقل شود و با ایجاد تغییر شیمیایی در ساختار چوب، آب‌دوستی آن را کم کند. برای اندازه‌گیری آزمون‌ها، نمونه‌ها به گروه‌های شاهد، شاهد گرمایی و فلوئوروکربن گرمایی تقسیم‌بندی شدند. تیمار فلوئوروکربن گرمایی سبب اصلاح گروه‌های هیدروکسیل و آب‌گریزی نمونه‌ها شد. طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز حضور فلوئوروکربن و پیوند با بسپارهای چوب را تأیید کرد. واکنش‌دهی فلوئوروکربن به تغییر ساختار شیمیایی، افزایش وزن و حجیم‌شدگی نمونه‌ها انجامید. میزان جذب آب و واکشیدگی حجمی نمونه‌های فلوئوروکربن گرمایی در مقایسه با نمونه‌های شاهد و شاهدگرمایی کمتر بود. بهبود در کارایی آب‌گریزی و اثر ضد واکشیدگی نمونه‌های فلوئوروکربن گرمایی نسبت به شاهد گرمایی، ثبات ابعاد را افزایش داد و پوششی فوق آب‌گریز و مقاوم به آبشویی روی دیواره‌ها و داخل حفره‌های سلول چوب ایجاد نمود که علت این امر به نفوذ بیشتر فلوئوروکربن و کاهش تخلخل چوب نسبت داده‌شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اصلاح شیمیایی؛ فلوئوروکربن؛ کارایی آب‌گریزی؛ ساختار شیمیایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Changes in Chemical Structure and Hydrophobization of the Paulownia Wood with Fluorocarbon Resin | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Aisona Talaei1؛ Mohammad Hadi Rezvani2؛ Hosseinali Rajabi Cham Heidari3 | ||
| 1Department, Faculty of Materials Engineering and New Technologies, shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Wood Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Materials Engineering and New Technologies, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Wood Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Materials Engineering and New Technologies, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The widespread use of chemically/thermally modified wood in outdoor applications and in environments with high relative humidity and high temperature has doubled the importance of using hydrophobic monomers. To evaluate the effect of fluorocarbon modification as a binder on the physical properties and chemical structure of paulownia wood, thermal modification was performed at two temperature levels of 150 and 160°C and chemical modification with fluorocarbon at two levels of 15 and 25%. Chemical/thermal modification causes the fluorocarbon monomer and heat to be uniformly transferred into the wood and to reduce its hydrophilicity by causing chemical changes in the wood structure. Specimens were divided into control, thermal and thermal fluorocarbon treatment groups. The thermal fluorocarbon treatment caused modification of the hydroxyl groups and hydrophobicity in specimens. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of fluorocarbons and bonding with wood polymers. The fluorocarbon reaction resulted in chemical changes, weight gain and bulking of the specimens. The water uptake and volumetric swelling of the heat-treated fluorocarbon specimens were lower than the control and heat-treated ones. Improvement of water repellency efficiency and anti-swelling efficiency of thermal fluorocarbon specimens increased the dimensional stability compared to the thermal control and created a super hydrophobic and leak-resistant coating on the cell walls and inside the lumens. It was attributed to the greater penetration of fluorocarbons and the reduction of wood porosity. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Chemical Modification, Fluorocarbon, Water Repellency Efficiency, Chemical Structure | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
-ASTM D4442, 2003. Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Base Materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standard. -Cademartori, P.H.G., Stafford, L., Blanchet, P., Magalhães, W.L.E. and de Muniz, G.I.B., 2017. Enhancing the water repellency of wood surfaces by atmospheric pressure cold plasma deposition of fluorocarbon film. RSC Advances, 7(46), 29159-29169. -Cai, M., Fu, Z., Cai, Y., Li, Z., Xu, C., Xu, C. and Li, S., 2018. Effect of Impregnation with Maltodextrin and 1, 3-Dimethylol-4, 5-Dihydroxyethyleneurea on Poplar Wood. Forests, 9(11), 676. -Chan, C. M., Vandi, L. J., Pratt, S., Halley, P., Richardson, D., Werker, A. and Laycock, B., 2018. Composites of wood and biodegradable thermoplastics: A review. Polymer Reviews, 58(3), 444-494. -Dahlen, J., Nicholas, D.D. and Schultz, T.P., 2008. Water repellency and dimensional stability of southern pine decking treated with waterborne resin acids. Journal of wood chemistry and technology, 28(1), 47-54. -Dieste, A., Krause, A., Bollmus, S. and Militz, H., 2008. Physical and mechanical properties of plywood produced with 1.3-dimethylol-4.5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU)-modified veneers of Betula sp. and Fagus sylvatica. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 66(4), 281–287. -Dong, Y., Yan, Y., Wang, K., Li, J., Zhang, S., Xia, C. and Cai, L., 2016. Improvement of water resistance, dimensional stability, and mechanical properties of poplar wood by rosin impregnation. European journal of wood and wood products, 74(2), 177-184. -Emmerich, L., Bollmus, S. and Militz, H., 2019. Wood modification with DMDHEU (1.3-dimethylol-4.5-dihydroxyethyleneurea)–State of the art, recent research activities and future perspectives. Wood Material Science and Engineering, 14(1), 3-18. -Ermeydan, M.A., 2014. Wood cell wall modification with hydrophobic molecules (Doctoral dissertation, Universität Potsdam Potsdam). -Furuno, T., Imamura, Y. and Kajita, H., 2004. The modification of wood by treatment with low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin: a properties enhancement with neutralized phenolic-resin and resin penetration into wood cell walls. Wood Science and Technology, 37(5), 349-361. -Ghorbani, M., Aghmashadi, Z.A., Amininasab, S.M. and Abedini, R., 2019. Effect of different coupling agents on chemical structure and physical properties of vinyl acetate/wood polymer composites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 47467. -Ghosh, SC., 2009. Wood modification with functionalized polydimethylsiloxanes. Dissertation, Georg August University of Gottingen. -He, X., Xiao, Z., Feng, X., Sui, S., Wang, Q. and Xie, Y., 2016. Modification of poplar wood with glucose crosslinked with citric acid and 1, 3-dimethylol-4, 5-dihydroxy ethyleneurea. Holzforschung, 70(1), 47-53. -Hou, A., Yu, J. and Shi, Y., 2008. Preparation and surface properties of the polysiloxane material modified with fluorocarbon side chains. European Polymer Journal, 44(6), 1696-1700. -Kielmann, B.C., Butter, K. and Mai, C., 2018. Modification of wood with formulations of phenolic resin and iron-tannin-complexes to improve material properties and expand colour variety. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 76(1), 259-267. -Klüppel, A. and Mai, C., 2013. The influence of curing conditions on the chemical distribution in wood modified with thermosetting resins. Wood science and technology, 47(3), 643-658. -Kocaefe, D., Huang, X. and Kocaefe, Y., 2015. Dimensional stabilization of wood. Current Forestry Reports, 1(3), 151-161. -Levasseur, O., Stafford, L., Gherardi, N., Naude, N., Blanchard, V., Blanchet, P., Riedl, B. and Sarkissian, A., 2012. Deposition of hydrophobic functional groups on wood surfaces using atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge in helium–hexamethyldisiloxane gas mixtures. Plasma Processes Polym 9(11–12), 1168–1175. -Levasseur, O., Vlad, M., Profili, J., Gherardi, N., Sarkissian, A. and Stafford, L., 2017. Deposition of fluorocarbon groups on wood surfaces using the jet of an atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge. Wood Science and Technology, 51(6), 1339-1352. -Li, Y.F., Liu, Y.X., Wang, X.M., Wu, Q.L., Yu, H.P. and Li, J., 2011. Wood–polymer composites prepared by the in situ polymerization of monomers within wood. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 119(6), 3207-3216. -Lukowsky, D., Peek R.D. and Rapp, A.O., 1997. Water-based silicones in wood. International Research Group on Wood Protection, IRG/Wp 97-30144 Stockholm, Sweden. -Mamiński, M., Kozakiewicz, P., Jaskółowski, W., Chin, K.L., San H’ng, P. and Toczyłowska-Mamińska, R., 2016. Enhancement of technical value of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) waste trunk through modification with 1, 3 dimethylol-4, 5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU). European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 74(6), 837-844. -Mattos, B. D., de Cademartori, P. H., Missio, A. L., Gatto, D.A., and Magalhães, W. L., 2015. Wood-polymer composites prepared by free radical in situ polymerization of methacrylate monomers into fast-growing pinewood. Wood Science and Technology, 49(6), 1281-1294. -Mattos, B., Serrano, L., Gatto, D., Magalhães, W.L. and Labidi, J., 2014. Thermochemical and hygroscopicity properties of pinewood treated by in situ copolymerisation with methacrylate monomers. Thermochimica Acta, 596, 70-78. -Ormondroyd, G., Spear, M. and Curling, S.F., 2015. Modified wood: review of efficacy and service life testing. Proceedings of the ICE-Construction Materials, 168(4), 187-203. -Panov, D. and Terziev, N., 2009. Study on some alkoxysilanes used for hydrophobation and protection of wood against decay. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 63(4), 456-461. -Poaty, B., Riedl, B., Blanchet, P., Blanchard, V. and Stafford, L., 2013. Improved water repellency of black spruce wood surfaces after treatment in carbon tetrafluoride plasmas. Wood science and technology, 47(2), 411-422. -Popescu, C. M., Jones, D., Kržišnik, D. and Humar, M., 2020. Determination of the effectiveness of a combined thermal/chemical wood modification by the use of FT–IR spectroscopy and chemometric methods. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1200(1), 1-9. -Pries, M., Wagner, R., Kaesler, K.H., Militz, H. and Mai, C., 2013. Acetylation of wood in combination with polysiloxanes to improve water-related and mechanical properties of wood. Wood science and technology, 47(4), 685-699. -Qiu, H., Yang, S., Han, Y., Shen, X., Fan, D., Li, G. and Chu, F., 2018. Improvement of the Performance of Plantation Wood by Grafting Water-Soluble Vinyl Monomers onto Cell Walls. ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 6(11), 14450-14459. -Rahman, M. R., Hamdan, S. and Lai, J.C.H., 2018. Preparation and Characterizations of Clay-Dispersed Styrene-co-Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate-Impregnated Wood Polymer Nanocomposites. In Wood Polymer Nanocomposites (pp. 199-217). Springer, Cham. -Rao, X., Kuga, S., Wu, M. and Huang, Y., 2015. Influence of solvent polarity on surface-fluorination of cellulose nanofiber by ball milling. Cellulose, 22(4), 2341-2348. -Rezvani, M. H., Talaei, A. and Rajabi Cham Heidari, H., 2017. Modification of Paulownia wood with methylolated dimethyloldihydroxyethylenurea (mDMDHEU) and its effect on selected Strength Properties. Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research, 32(3), 436-449. -Sandberg, D., Kutnar, A. and Mantanis, G., 2017. Wood modification technologies-a review. iForest-Biogeosciences and Forestry, 10(6), 895-908. -Sommerauer, L., Thevenon, M.F., Petutschnigg, A. and Tondi, G., 2019. Effect of hardening parameters of wood preservatives based on tannin copolymers. Holzforschung, 10(15), 1-11. -Sultan, M.T., Rahman, M.R., Hamdan, S., Lai, J.C.H. and Talib, Z.A., 2016. Clay dispersed styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate impregnated kumpang wood polymer nanocomposites: Impact on mechanical and morphological properties. BioResources, 11(3), 6649-6662. -Sultan, M.T., Rahman, M.R., Hamdan, S., Talib, Z.A., Yusof, F.A.B.M. and Lai, J.C.H., 2017. Impact of Various pH Levels on 4-Methyl Catechol Treatment of Wood. BioResources, 12(2), 3601-3617. -Talaei, A. and Rezvani, M.H., 2016. Influence of Chemical Modification with Polycrease ECR on the Functional Performance of Poplar wood Polymer. Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research, 32(1), 33-46. -Tang, Z., Xie, L., Hess, D.W. and Breedveld, V., 2017. Fabrication of amphiphobic softwood and hardwood by treatment with non-fluorinated chemicals. Wood science and technology, 51(1), 97-113. -Tu, K., Wang, X., Kong, L. and Guan, H., 2018. Facile preparation of mechanically durable, self-healing and multifunctional superhydrophobic surfaces on solid wood. Materials and Design, 140(5), 30-36. -Wang, Y., Tang, Z., Lu, S., Zhang, M., Liu, K., Xiao, H., Huang, L., Chen, L., Wu, H. and Ni, Y., 2020. Superhydrophobic wood grafted by poly (2 (perfluorooctyl) ethyl methacrylate) via ATRP with self-cleaning, abrasion resistance and anti-mold properties. Holzforschung, 15(10), 1-11. -Xiao, Z., Xie, Y., Militz, H. and Mai, C., 2010. Effect of glutaraldehyde on water related properties of solid wood. Holzforschung, 64(4), 483-488. -Xie, L., Tang, Z., Jiang, L., Breedveld, V. and Hess, D. W., 2015. Creation of superhydrophobic wood surfaces by plasma etching and thin-film deposition. Surface and Coatings Technology, 81(2), 125-132. -Yan, Y., Dong, Y., Li, C., Chen, H., Zhang, S. and Li, J., 2015. Optimization of reaction parameters and characterization of glyoxal-treated poplar sapwood. Wood science and technology, 49(2), 241-256. -Zhang, D., Xing, P., Pan, R., Lin, X., Sha, M. and Jiang, B., 2018. Preparation and Surface Properties Study of Novel Fluorine-Containing Methacrylate Polymers for Coating. Materials, 11(11), 2258-2271. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 538 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 312 |
||