| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,998 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,576 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,215,805 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,565,752 |
بررسی تحمل به شوری جمعیتهای اصلاحی و هیبریدهای چغندرقند در محیط گلخانه و مزرعه | ||
| چغندرقند | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 35، شماره 2، اسفند 1398، صفحه 141-156 اصل مقاله (716.03 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: کامل علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jsb.2020.120128.1172 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عبدالمجید خورشید* 1؛ اباذر رجبی2؛ ایرج برنوسی3؛ امیر فیاض مقدم3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی سابق دکترای اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه و استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجانغربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات ،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شوری خاک از مهم‌ترین عوامل کاهش عملکرد گیاهان زراعی در سراسر دنیا به ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک است. ازاینرو ایجاد ارقام متحمل به این تنش در گیاهانی مانند چغندرقند که بهتواند در شرایط تنش رشد نموده و دارای عملکرد اقتصادی باشد، یکی از اهداف مهم بهنژادی است. بدین منظور، ارزیابی تحمل به شوری جمعیتها و هیبریدهای مختلف چغندرقند بر اساس برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک، مرفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی در شرایط گلخانه و مزرعهبرای گزینش جمعیتهای برتر و ارزیابی صفات مناسب انجام شد. در این تحقیق از دو محیط گلخانه برای بررسی صفات فیزیولوژیکی، مرفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی طی استقرار و مزرعه برای بررسی صفات فیزیولوژیک، عملکرد و اجزای آن استفاده شد. تعداد پنج هیبرید و چهار جمعیت اصلاحی به همراه سه رقم شاهدمتحمل و حساس در گلخانه در دو سطح شوری صفر (شاهد) و 16 دسیزیمنس بر متر به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در مزرعه به صورت بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در شرایط بدون تنش (1/2 دسیزیمنس بر متر) و تنش شوری (17/34 دسیزیمنس بر متر) در ایستگاه تحقیقات میاندوآب مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. صفاتی مانند وزن‌تر و خشک اندام هوایی، محتوای آب نسبی برگ، کاهش نسبی آب برگ، وزن ویژه برگ، پرولین و عناصر غذایی (سدیم و پتاسیم) در برگ و عملکرد ریشه و شکر، عیار قند، سدیم و پتاسیم در ریشه در هر دو محیط واجد تنش و بدونتنش اندازه‌گیری شدند. در شرایط تنش در گلخانه، صفات پرولین، ماده خشک، سدیم برگ و طول ریشه افزایش معنی‌داری در مقایسه با شرایط بدونتنش داشتند اما مقادیر صفات پتاسیم، سطح برگ، محتوای آب نسبی برگ، آب از دست رفته برگ و ماده خشک ریشه کاهش یافته است. در مزرعه، تنش شوری باعث افزایش درصد قند و پتاسیم و کاهش عملکرد ریشه و شکر نسبت به شرایط بدونتنش شد. در این تحقیق، هیبرید Msc2*FS7 و جمعیت FS2 از نظر صفات عملکرد ریشه، درصد قندناخالص و عملکرد شکرسفید برتر از سایر جمعیتها تشخیص داده شدند. رقم حساس شیرین دارای پایین‌ترین مقادیر عملکرد ریشه در شرایط تنش بود. بر اساس نتایج حاصله، صفات پرولین و ماده خشک می‌توانند به‌عنوان معیارهای تمایز ارقام یا جمعیتها در تنش شوری مورداستفاده قرار گیرند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنش شوری؛ پرولین؛ صفات فیزیولوژیک و مورفولوژیک؛ عملکرد چغندرقند | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of salinity tolerance of sugar beet breeding populations and hybrids under greenhouse and field conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A.M. Khorshid1؛ A. Rajabi2؛ I. Bernousi3؛ A. Fayaz Moghadam3 | ||
| 1Former PhD student of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Faculty, Urmia University, and Assistant Professor of Sugar Beet Research Department, West Azarbayjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education | ||
| 2Associate professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 3Associate Professor of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Faculty, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Soil salinity is one of the most important factors in reducing crop yield around the world, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Therefore, development of salt-tolerant cultivars such as sugar beet that can grow under stress condition and have economic yield, is one of the most important breeding goals. For this purpose, salinity tolerance evaluation of different sugar beet populations and hybrids based on some physiological, morphological, and biochemical traits was performed in greenhouse and field conditions to select high yield populations and and determining the suitable traits for selection. Two greenhouse environments were used to study physiological, morphological and biochemical traits during establishment and field environment to study physiological traits, yield and its components. Five hybrids and four breeding populations along with three tolerant and susceptible control cultivars were evaluated at two salinity levels of 0 (control) and 16 ds/m in a factorial design based on completely randomized design in greenhouse and in a randomized complete block design in the field in normal (1.2 ds/m) and saline (17.34 ds/m) at Miandoab Research Station, Iran. Several characteristics such as fresh and dry weight of shoot, relative water content of leaves, relative leaf water reduction, specific leaf weight, and proline and nutrients (Na and K) in leaves, root yield and sugar yield, sugar content, Na and K in root were measured in both stress and normal conditions. Under stress condition in greenhouse, proline, dry matter, leaf sodium content and root length increased significantly compared with normal condition, but the values of K, leaf area, relative leaf water content, leaf water reduction and root dry matter decreased. In the field, salinity stress increased the sugar content and potassium and decreased root yield and sugar yield compared with normal condition. In this study, Msc2*FS7 hybrid and FS2 population were found to be superior to other populations in terms of root yield, sugar content, and white sugar yield. Susceptible cultivar Shirin had the lowest root yield under stress ondition. Based on the results, proline and dry matter traits can be used as criteria for cultivars or populations selection under salinity stress. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Morphophysiological traits, Proline, Salinity stress, Sugar beet | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abbasi Z, Arzani A, Majidi MM. Evaluation of genetic diversity of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) crossing parents using agro-morphological traits and molecular markers. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 2014; 16(6): 1397-1411.
Abdel-Mawly, Zanouny I. Response of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) to potassium application and irrigation with saline water. Assiut University Bulletin for Environmental Research. 2004; 7(1): 123-136.
Abdul Qados AMS. Effect of arginine on growth, nutrient composition, yield and nutritional value of mung bean plants grown under salinity stress. Nature and Science. 2010; 8: 30-42.
Ali SH, El-Shamey IZ, Eisa SS. Sodium, potassium balance and adaptation of sugar beet to salt stress. Annals of Agricultural Science (Cairo). 2000; 1(Special issue): 41-56.
Al-Karaki GN. Germination, sodium, and potassium concentrations of barley seeds as influenced by salinity. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 2001; 24(3): 511-522.
Ashour NI, Thalooth AT. Effect of saline irrigation on photosynthetic apparatus and yield of sugar beet plants. U.A.R. Journal of Botany. 1971; 14: 221–231.
Ashraf MY, Wu L. Breeding for salinity tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. 1994; 13(1): 17-42.
Azevedo Neto AD, Prisco JT, Enéas-Filho J, Lacerda CF, Silva JV, Costa PH, Gomes-Filho E. Effects of salt stress on plant growth, stomatal response and solute accumulation of different maize genotypes. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology. 2004; 16(1): 31-38.
Barrs HD, Weatherley PE. A re-examination of the relative turgidity technique for estimating water deficits in leaves. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences. 1962; 15(3): 413-428.
Bates LS, Waldren RP, Teare ID. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil. 1973; 39(1): 205-207.
Beatty KD, Ehlig CF. A technique for testing and selecting for tolerance in sugar beet. Journal of American Society of Sugar Beet Technologists. 1993; 17: 295-299.
Dadkhah AR. Response of root yield and quality of sugar beet (beta vulgaris) to salt stress. Iran Agricultural Research. 2005; 24(1): 33-41.
Draycott AP. Sugar Beet (Vol. 474). 2006; Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. pp. 514
Duan D, Liu X, Ajmal Khan M, Gul B. Effect of salt and water stress on the germination of Chenopodium glaucum L. seed. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 2004; 36(4): 793-800.
Gaylord B, Egan TP. How salts of sodium, potassium and sulfate affect the germination and early growth of Atriplex acanthocarpa (Chenopodiaceae). In: Khan, MA and Weber DJ (Eds.). Ecophysiology of High Salinity in Tolerant Plants. Springer. 2008; pp. 1-9.
Geissler N, Hussin S, Koyro HW. Interactive effect of NaCl salinity and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on growth, photosynthesis, water relations and chemical composition of the potential cash crop halophyte Aster tripolium L. Enviromental and Experimental Botany. 2009; 65(2-3): 220-231.
Hajiboland R, Joudmand A, Fotouhi K. Mild salinity improves sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) quality. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B–Soil and Plant Science. 2009; 59(4): 295-305.
Hamada AM, El-Enany AE. Effect of NaCl salinity on growth, pigment and mineral element contents, and gas exchange of broad bean and pea plants. Biologia Plantarum. 1994; 36(1): 75-81.
Huang Y, Bie Z, Liu Z, Zhen A, Wang W. Protective role of proline against salt stress is partially related to the improvement of water status and peroxidase enzyme activity in cucumber. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 2009; 55(5): 698-704.
Jehad-Akbar MR. Response of sugar beet to saline irrigation water in different growth stages. Journal of Sugar Beet. 2011; 27(1): 53-66. (in Persian, abstract in English)
Kafi M, Borzuhi A, Salehi A, Kamandi A, Masumi A, Nabati. Physiology of environmental stressesin plants. Jehad-e-Daneshgahi Press. 2009; pp. 502. (In Persian)
Khorshid A, Bernousi I, Fotuhi K. Breeding for salinity tolerance in population 8001 in sugar beet. 2011. Final research report. Sugar Beet Seed Institute. (in Persian, abstract in English)
Khorshid AM, Niazkhani M, Bernousi I, Rajabi A. Improving salinity tolerance in an open-pollinated sugar beet population. International Journal of Farm and Allied Sciences. 2014; 3(6): 696-701.
Khorshid A, Rajabi A. Investigation on quantity and quality characters of advanced sugar beet breeding populations in drought and salinity stress and non-stress conditions. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences. 2014; 7(9): 532-536.
Khorshid, AM, Moghadam F, Bernousi I, Khayamim S, and Rajabi, A. Comparison of some physiological responces to salinity and normal conditions in Sugar Beet. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 2018; 52(4): 362-367
Muns A, Prinsen E, Bauw G, Van Montagu M. Antagonistic effects of abscisic acid and jasmonates on salt stress-inducible transcripts in rice roots. Plant Cell. 1997; 9(12): 2243–2259.
Ober ES, Luterbacher MC. Genotypic variation for drought tolerance in Beta vulgaris. Annals of Botany. 2002; 89(7): 917-924.
Pakniyat, H, Armion M. Sodium and proline accumulation as osmoregulators in tolerance of sugar beet genotypes to salinity. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 2007; 10(22): 4081-4086.
Parvaiz A, Satyawati S. Salt stress and phyto-biochemical responses of plants- a review. Plant, Soil and Environment. 2008; 54(3): 89-99.
Ranji Z, Majidd I, Hashemi A, Ghalavand A. Study on proline accumulation in the leaves of tolerant and sensitive sugar beet lines to salinity. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 1997; 28 (1): 95-87. (In Persian with English abstract).
Ranji Z, Ebrahimian H, Khorshid A. Screening new sugar beet cultivars under salinity in greenhouse and field trials. Research report. Sugar Beet Seed Institute. 2000. (In Persian).
Romero-Aranda MR, Jurado O, Cuartero J. Silicon alleviates the deleterious salt effect on tomato plant growth by improving plant water status. Journal of Plant Physiology. 2006; 163(3): 847-855.
Sayed S, Eisa H, Safwat A. Biochemical, Physiological and Morphological Responses of Sugar Beet to Salinity. Department of Agricultural Botany and Biochemistry. Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.1999; 1-15.
Shehata, MM, Azer SA, Mostafa SN. The effect of soil moisture on some sugar beet varieties. Egyptian Journal of Agrictural Research. 2000; 78(3):1141-1160.
Shonjani S. Salt sensitivity of rice, maize, sugar beet and cotton during germination and early vegetative growth. Inaugural dissertation. Institute of Plant Nutrition. Justus Leibig University, Giessen. 2002; pp. 164
Smart RE, Bingham GE. Rapid estimates of relative water content. Plant Physiology. 1974; 53: 258-260.
Turan MA, Awad Elkarim AH, Taban N, Taban S. Effect of salt stress on growth, stomata resistance, proline and chlorophyll concentrations on maize plant. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 2009; 4(9): 893-897.
Wu GQ, Liang N, Feng RJ, Zhang JJ. Evaluation of salinity tolerance in seedlings of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars using proline, soluble sugars and cation accumulation criteria. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 2013; 35(9): 2665-2674.
Yang RC, Jana S, Clarke JM. Phenotypic diversity and associations of some potentially drought responsive characters of durum wheat. Crop Science. 1991; 31(6): 1484-1491.
Yousif BS, Liu LY, Nguyen NT, Masaoka Y, Saneoka H. Comparative studies in salinity tolerance between New Zealand spinach (Tetragonia tetragonioides) and chard (Beta vulgaris) to salt stress. Agricultural Journal. 2010; 5(1): 19-24.
Zapata PJ, Serrano M, Pretel MT, Bottela MA. Changes in free polyamine concentration induced by salt stress in seedling of different species. Plant Growth Regulators. 2008; 56(2): 167-177. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 718 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 573 |
||