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بررسی ارتباط میان رشد Aspergillus flavus و تولید آفلاتوکسین هایB1 و B2 با ترکیبات فنولی و فلاونوئیدی پوست سبز و مغز ارقام پسته (مقاله انگلیسی) | ||
| آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 14، دوره 87، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 109، اسفند 1398، صفحه 13-23 اصل مقاله (596.01 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2019.126742.1288 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی محمدی مقدم1؛ سعید رضائی* 1؛ امیر حسین محمدی2؛ حمیدرضا زمانی زاده3؛ محمد مرادی4 | ||
| 1گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2پژوهشکده پسته، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رفسنجان، ایران | ||
| 3هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم وتحقیقات تهران | ||
| 4پژوهشکده پسته، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مسأله آلودگی پسته به قارچ Aspergillus flavus و آفلاتوکسین از تهدیدات مهم در عرصه تولید، صادرات و مصرف پسته در دنیا می باشد. در این تحقیق، ضمن تعیین میزان مقاومت ارقام پسته شاهپسند، عباسعلی، کله قوچی، خنجری، اکبری و پسته گرمه به آلودگی ناشی از قارچ A. flavus و آفلاتوکسین، ارتباط میان میزان ترکیبات فنولی و فلاونوئیدی پوست سبز و مغز این ارقام، به عنوان ترکیبات آنتی اکسیدانی، با میزان رشد قارچ A. flavus و تولید آفلاتوکسین مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. مایه زنی مغز ارقام پسته با غلظت 6 10×2 اسپور در میلی لیتر از یک جدایه توکسین زای A. flavus صورت گرفته و غلظت آفلاتوکسین، ترکیبات فنولی و فلاونوئیدی مغز و پوست سبز به ترتیب به روش HPLC، فولین سکالتیو و رنگ سنجی با کلرید آلومینیوم تعیین گردید. نتایج نشان داد که ارقام پسته گرمه و اکبری دارای کمترین و رقم شاهپسند دارای بیشترین میزان کلنیزاسیون A. flavus و غلظت آفلاتوکسین بوده و به ترتیب به عنوان ارقام مقاوم و حساس به آلودگی ناشی از A. flavus تعیین شدند. سایر ارقام حدواسط این ارقام قرار گرفتند. میزان ترکیبات فنولی و فلاونوئیدی به طور معنی داری در ارقام مقاوم بیشتر از ارقام حساس بود. همچنین یک رابطه منفی معنی داری بین میزان ترکیبات فنولی و فلاونوئیدی پوست سبز و مغز پسته ارقام مختلف، با رشد قارچ A. flavus و تولید آفلاتوکسین در مغز این ارقام مشاهده گردید. این نتایج بیانگر نقش ترکیبات فنولی و فلاونوئیدی در مقاومت ارقام پسته به آلودگی ناشی از A. flavus و تولید آفلاتوکسین می باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مقاومت؛ آنتی اکسیدان ها؛ Aspergillus flavus | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Relationship between Aspergillus flavus growth and aflatoxin B1 and B2 production with phenolic and flavonoid compounds in green hull and kernels of pistachio cultivars | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mehdi Mohammadi moghaddam1؛ Saeed Rezaee1؛ Amir Hossein Mohammadi2؛ Hamid reza zamanizadeh3؛ Mohammad Moradi4 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, Iran | ||
| 3Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Contamination to Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin is a significant and chronic threat of pistachio production, consumption and exportation in the world. The aims of the present study was evaluation of resistance of pistachio cultivars (Shahpasand, Abbasali,Kale-ghouchi, Khanjari, Akbari and Pesteh-garmeh) and relationship between total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of green hull and kernels, as antioxidant, to A. flavus growth and aflatoxin production. Inoculation of pistachio kernels was done by 2×106 spores of toxigenic A.flavus and aflatoxins (B1 and B2), TPC and TFC of the green hull and kernels were measured by HPLC, Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride method, respectively. Results showed that Pesteh-garmeh and Akbari cultivars and Shahpasand with the lowest and highest percent colonization of A. flavus and aflatoxin production in kernels were respectively resistant and susceptible and other cultivars were intermediate. TPC and TFC were higher significantly in resistant cultivars than susceptible. A negative correlation was observed between TPC, TFC and aflatoxin content in kernel and green hull of pistachio cultivars, as well as TPC, TFC and A. flavus growth. These findings show the role of TPC and TFC in resistance of pistachio cultivars with contamination to A. flavus growth and aflatoxin production. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Resistance, Antioxidants, Aspergillus flavus | ||
| مراجع | ||
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