One of the resources that have been severely affected by drought is groundwater, however it has been considered less than other water resources. Due to the recent droughts especially in the central regions of Iran, investigating the impact of droughts on water resources is very important. The main aims of this study are characterization of meteorological and hydrogeological droughts, assessment the effects of drought on groundwater level fluctuations and determining the critical regions of Shahrekord Plain Aquifer. For this purpose, modified Standardized Precipitation Index (SPImod) and Groundwater Resource Index (GRI) were used to assess meteorological and groundwater droughts, respectively. Also, the cross-correlation test was used to investigate the relationship between the meteorological drought and the groundwater drought. In this research, the monthly precipitation data of Shahrekord synoptic station and monthly groundwater level data of 35 piezometers in this plain in the period of 1984-2015 were used. Based on the result of GRI index, Shahrekord Aquifer was divided into three regions which cover the north and northwest, central and south-east and southwest. The results of correlation between modified SPI in various time scales of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 and 48 months and GRI index indicates the highest correlation between 18-month modified SPI and GRI. The results also showed that the effect of meteorological drought on GRI index appears with 6 and 18-month delay on northern and central areas, respectively, and without delay on the South West of the Shahrekord Aquifer. |
- Ahmadi Akhorme, M., A. Nohegar, M. Soleimani and M. Taie Semiromi. 2015. Evaluation of ground water drought using SWI and GRI indices in Marvdasht Kharame Aquifer, Fars. Journal of Irrigation and Water Engineering, 21: 105-118 (in Persian).
2. Aleboali, A., R. Ghazavi and S.J. Sadatinejad. 2016. Study the effects of drought on groundwater resources using SPI Index, a case study: Kashan Plain. Desert Ecosystem Engineering Journal, 5(10): 13-22 (in Persian).3. Bloomfield, J.P., B.P. Marchant and A.A. McKenzie. 2019. Changes in groundwater drought associated with anthropogenic warming. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 23(3): 1393-1408.4. Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Regional Water Company. 2007. The first phase studies of artificial nutrition in Shahrekord Plain. Jamekar Sepahan Consulting Engineers Company,Volume 3.
- Chaman Pira, G.R., Gh. Zehtabian, H. Ahmadi and A. Malekian. 2014. The effect of groundwater drought management in order to optimize utilization, case study: Elster Plain. Journal of Engineering and Watershed Management, 6(1): 10-20 (in Persian).
- Davoodi, E, H. Ghasemeieh, M. Soleimani Motlagh and M. Moeinzadeh. 2017. Spatial and temporal analysis of meteorological and groundwater droughts, a case stady: Northern Mahyar Plain of Isfahan. Desert Ecosystem Engineering Journal, 5(10): 13-22 (in Persian).
- Ezzine, H., A. Bouziane and D. Quasar. 2014. Seasonal comparisons of meteorological and agricultural drought indices in morocco using open short time series data. Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 26: 36-48.
- Imani, M. and A. Talebi Esfandarani. 2011. Evaluation of ground water table in Bahabad Plain using SPI and GRI. 4th Conference on Water Resources Management, Tehran, Amirkabir University of Technology (in Persian).
- Kao, S.C. and R.S. Govindaraju. 2010. A copula-based joint deficit index for droughts. Journal of Hydrology, 380: 121-134.
- Kubicz, J. and B. Bąk. 2019. The reaction of groundwater to several months' meteorological drought in Poland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 28(1): 187-195.
- Lalezari, R. 2008. Evaluate the effect of nutrition with sewage on nitrate discharge using MT3D Model on Shahrekord Aquifer. MSc Thesis. Shahrekord Univesity, 145 PAGES.
- Loukas, A. and L. Vasiliades. 2004. Probabilistic analysis of drought spatiotemporal characteristics in Thessaly region, Greece. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 4: 719-731.
- Mahmoudi, A.A. and R. Mirabbasi Najafabadi. 2014. Compare the performance of two indices SPI and modified SPI in recognition of drought events, a case study: Dehdasht City, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. 2nd National Conference on Water Crisis (Climate Change, Water and the Environment), Shahrekord, Shahrekord University (in Persian).
- Majidi, A., R. Mirabbasi Najafabadi, M. Radfar and S. Marofi. 2015. Analysis of meteorological drought characteristics in Qarechay Basin. 3rd National Conference on Scientific and Student Associations of Agricultural and Natural Resources Fields. Tehran, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Tehran University (in Persian).
- McKee, T.B., N.J. Doeskin and J. Kleist. 1993. The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. 8th Conference on Applied Climatology, January 17-22, Anaheim, California, 179-184.
- Mendicino, G., A. Senatore and P. Versace. 2008. A Groundwater Resource Index (GRI) for drought monitoring and forecasting in a Mediterranean climate. Journal of Hydrology, 357: 282-302.
- Mirabbasi, R., A. Fakheri-Fard and Y. Dinpashoh. 2012. Bivariate drought frequency analysis using the Copula method. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 108: 191-206.
- Mirabbasi Najafabadi, R., A. Fakheri-Fard, Y. Dinpashoh and S. Eslamian. 2013. Long-term monitoring of Urmia droughts using JDA. Journal of Agricultural Science (Water and Soil), 23:87-107 (in Persian).
- Pourmohammadi, S., M.T. Dasturani, H. Jafari, E. Massah Bavani, M. Gudarzi, F. Bagheri and M.H. Rahimian. 2018. Evaluation of meteorological and hydrogeological droughts on the balance of groundwater of Tuyserkan Plain. Journal of Engineering and Watershed Management, 9(1): 46-57 (in Persian).
- Radfar, M. 2009. Hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical characterization and modelling of the tertiary-quaternary aquifer system in shahrekord Plain, Iran. PhD Theses, Tehran University, 519 pages.
- Roshan, S.H. and M. Habibnejad Roshan. 2018. Monitoring of temporal and spatial variation of groundwater drought using GRI and SWI indices, case study: Sari-Neka Plain. Journal of Watershed Management Research, 9(17): 269-279 (in Persian).
- Samadi, R., J. Behmanesh and H. Rezaei. 2015. Investigating the trend of groundwater level changes, a case study: Urmia Plain. Journal of Soil and Water Protection Research, 22(4): 67-84 (in Persian).
- Shakiba, A.R., B. Mirbagheri and A. 2010. Drought analysis using SPI Index and its effects on groundwater resources in east of Kermanshah. Journal of Geography, 8(25): 104-124 (in Persian).
- Shekari, M.R., S.J. Sadatinejad and A.A. Vali. 2017. Relationship between meteorological and hydrogeological drought in an arid area, a case study of Sheshdeh and Gharebolagh plains. Journal of Desert Ecosystem Engineering, 6(14): 79-90 (in Persian).
- Shiau, J.T. 2006. Fitting drought duration and severity with two-dimensional copulas. Water Resources Management, 20: 795-815.
- Shiau, J.T. and R. Modarres. 2009. Copula based drought severity-duration frequency analysis in Iran. Meteorological Applications, 16: 481-489.
- Van Lanen, H.A.J. and E. Peters. 2000. Definition, effects and assessment of groundwater droughts. Drought and Drought Mitigation in Europe, 2: 49-61.
|