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اثر تلفیقی دوره آتش‌سوزی و شدت چرا بر شاخص‌های تنوع گیاهی در مراتع نیمه استپی چهارمحال بختیاری | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 27، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 78، فروردین 1399، صفحه 84-97 اصل مقاله (411.38 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2020.121351 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی محمدیان* 1؛ اسماعیل اسدی‌بروجنی2؛ عطاالله ابراهیمی2؛ پژمان طهماسبی2؛ علی‌اصغر نقی‌پور3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری علوم مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهر کرد، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهر کرد، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهر کرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر تلفیقی آتش‌سوزی و چرا بر شاخص‌های تنوع گیاهی در مراتع نیمه استپی استان چهارمحال بختیاری انجام گرفت. بنابراین 16 سایت با دوره‌های مختلف، آتش‌سوزی و شدت چرایی انتخاب و در هر سایت 18 پلات در امتداد ترانسکت‌ها تعیین و نمونه‌برداری به روش سیستماتیک- تصادفی انجام گرفت. سپس شاخص‌های تنوع گونه‌ای و بتا محاسبه گردید. به منظور تعیین اثرات آتش، چرا و سال و اثرات تلفیقی آن‌ها بر شاخص‌های تنوع از آزمون مدل عمومی خطی و برای نشان دادن اثر معنی‌داری بین مناطق آتش و شاهد از آزمون t – استیودنت استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در مناطق با شدت چرایی متوسط با دوره‌های مختلف آتش شاخص‌های تنوع سیمپسون، شانون و غنا در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش اما تنوع بتا کاهش داشته است. درمناطق با شدت چرایی زیاد با دوره‌های مختلف آتش شاخص تنوع سیمپسون و شانون نسبت به منطقه شاهد افزایش و غنای گونه‌ای در مناطق با دوره آتش‌سوزی 3-1 و 5-3 سال بترتیب افزایش و کاهش معنی‌داری یافت. همچنین تنوع بتا در دوره‌های مختلف آتش در مقایسه با شاهد کاهش معنی‌دار داشت. علیرغم احیاء برخی از گونه‌های بوته‌ای در مناطق آتش‌سوزی شده با گذشت زمان، درصد آن‌ها در مقایسه با شاهد کاهش معنی‌داری در شدت‌های چرایی داشت و بیشترین درصد پوشش گراس‌های چندساله در دوره‌های مختلف آتش نیز در مناطق با شدت چرایی متوسط مشاهده گردید. پس از وقوع آتش‌سوزی در مراتع نیمه‌استپی اعمال مدیریت صحیح مراتع می‌تواند موجبات افزایش کیفیت علوفه قابل استفاده و غنای گونه‌ای را فراهم نماید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آتش‌سوزی؛ غنای گونه‌ای؛ اثرمتقابل؛ چهارمحال بختیاری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of integrated fire period and intensity grazing on plant species diversity in the semi-steppe rangeland of chaharmahal and bakhtiari province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Mohammadian1؛ Esmaiel Asadi borujeni2؛ Ataollah Ebrahimi2؛ Pezhman Tahmasebi2؛ Ali Asghar Naghipour3 | ||
| 1PhD. Student of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resource and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Iran, | ||
| 2Associate professor, Faculty of Natural Resource and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant professor, Faculty of Natural Resource and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study was was don to investigate the interaction of fire and grazing effects on index of vegetation diversity in Semi-steppe rangelands in Chaharmahal - Bakhtiari Province.Therefore, 16 sites was selected with different periods of fire and grazing intensity and 18 quadrates along transects at each site were determined and then a systematic -random sampling method was don. Then, species diversity and Beta diversity indices were calculated. To determine the effects of fire, grazing, number of year and their interactions on the diversity indices, the method of General Linear Model (GML) and for determining the significant effect between fire site and unfired site the method of T- Test was used. The results showed that in areas with moderate grazing intensity and with different periods time of fire, Diversity, Simpson, Shannon and species richness indices, compared to control areas significantly increased. But beta diversity has decreased. Simpson's and Shannon Index compared to control areas significantly increased, in areas with high grazing and different time periods of fire, and in areas with 1-3 and 3-5 years fire, Species Richness was increased and decreased respectively. Also with different time periods of fire, beta diversity was decreased. Despite the restoration of some shrub species with the passage of time at burned areas, Compared to control, the grazing intensities was significantly decreased and the highest percentage of perennial grasses coverage was observed in fire areas in places with moderate grazing intensity. After the fire, appropriate management methods in Semi-Steppe Rangelands, can increase the Forage quality and also cause an increase in species richness. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Fire, species richness, Intraction, Charmahal- Bakhtiari | ||
| مراجع | ||
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