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ارزیابی جمعیت گونه های رایج آفات انباری در میوه خرمای رقم زاهدی بر اساس روش طیف سنجی | ||
| آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 87، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 109، اسفند 1398، صفحه 253-263 اصل مقاله (806.39 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: حشره شناسی کشاورزی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2020.127812.1303 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| مسعود لطیفیان* | ||
| عضو هیات علمی/ پژوهشکده خرما و میوه های گرمسیری | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این پژوهش برای تدوین برنامه نمونه‌برداری آفات انباری خرما شامل: شپشه دندانه‌دار Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus)، شب پره آرد Ephestia kueheniella (Zeller) و شب پره هندی interpunctella (Hübner) Plodiaدر خرمای رقم زاهدی با استفاده از روش طیف سنجی نوری انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و به‌صورت فاکتوریل انجام شد. فاکتور اول شامل مراحل تخم، لارو، شفیره و حشره کامل و فاکتور دوم ده تراکم 5، 10، 15، 20، 25، 30، 35، 40، 45 و 50 عدد از هر مرحله بود. نتایج نشان داد که طول موج حداکثر جذب برای تخم، لارو، شفیره و حشره کامل شپشه دندانه‌دار به‌ترتیب معادل 1220، 1240، 1280، 1300، شب پره آرد 1210 1270، 1320، 1360 و شب پره هندی 1310، 1320، 1380، 1400 نانومتر بود. تعداد نمونه لازم (هر نمونه 110 گرم میوه) برای ارزیابی صحیح تخم، لارو، شفیره و حشره کامل به‌ترتیب برای شپشه دندانه‌دار معادل 1، 2،1 ،3 ، شب پره آرد 1، 1، 3، 3 و شب‌پره خشکبار 1، 1، 2 و 3 نمونه بود. از دو مؤلفه تغییرات نسبی (RV) و دقت نسبی شبکه (RNP) برای ارزیابی کارایی استفاده شد. مقدار شاخص RV برای آفات در مراحل رشدی به‌ترتیب برای شپشه دندانه‌دار 23/2، 26/3، 15/3، 52/2، شب پره آرد 42/1، 64/1، 78/1، 71/3 و شب پره هندی 23/2، 27/3، 15/3 و 52/3 بود. در تمام موارد، خطای نمونه‌برداری کمتر از 10 درصد بود. مقدار شاخصRNP در چهار مرحله رشدی به‌ترتیب برای شپشه دندانه‌دار 79/39، 06/18، 39/32، 37/22 شب‌پره آرد 54/22، 58/27، 15/3، 33/10 و شب‌پره هندی 51/36، 71/23، 58/15 و 99/10 بود. با توجه به‌نتایج، روش طیف سنجی، توانایی تشخیص مراحل پنهان (تخم و شفیره) آفات را با حداکثر دقت و حداقل هزینه دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آفات انباری؛ خرما؛ طیف سنجی نوری؛ نمونه برداری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Population Assessment of Common Stored Pest Species in Date Fruit Zahedi Cv. Based on Spectroscopic Method | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Masoud Latifian | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study aimed to define sampling programs for pests, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus), Ephestia kueheniella (Zeller) and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) using spectrophotometer in date Zahedi cultivar. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement. The first factor consisted of eggs, larvae, pupae and adult and the second including 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 densities of the above stages. Results showed that the maximum absorption wavelength for egg, larva, pupa and adult of O. surinamensis, was 1220, 1240, 1280, 1300 nm, for E. kuheniella 1210, 1270, 1320, 1360 nm and for P. interpunctella 1310, 1320, 1380, 1400 nm, respectively. The lowest number of sampling (each sample 110 g date fruits) for an accurate estimation of the egg, larva, pupa and adult of O. surinamensis were 1, 2, 1, 2, for E. kuheniella 1, 1, 3, 3 and for P. interpunctella 1, 1, 2 3, 2 samples, respectively, Relative Variation )RV( and Relative net precision )RNP( indices were used to validate the sampling accuracy. The RV for development stages of O. surinamensis were 2.23, 3.26, 3.15, 2.52, for E. kuheniella 2.52, 1.42, 1.64, 1.78, 3.71 and for P. interpunctella 2.23, 3.27, 3.15, 3.52 respectively. The accuracy level of samplings was lower than 10 in all cases, The RNP values for O. surinamensis were 39.79, 18.06, 32.29, 22.37, for E. kuheniella 22.54, 27.58, 13.15, 10.33 and for P.interpunctella 36.51, 23.71, 15.58 10.99 respectively. Based on the results, the spectrophotometer could detect the hidden pest stages (egg and pupa) with maximum accuracy and minimum cost. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Date palm, sampling, spectrophotometer, storage pests | ||
| مراجع | ||
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