References:
Arabi, M. and Saffari, M. 2011. The Effect of weeding and plant density on yield and yield components of forage sorghum cultivars. Crop Sci. 5(10):52-39.
Baeumer, K. and de Wit, C.T. 1968. Competitive interference of plant species in monoculture and mixed stands. N.J.A.S. 16:103-22.
Baghestani, M.A., Zand, E., Soufizadeh, S., skandari, E., PourAzar, R., Veysi, M., Mousavi, K. and Nassirzadeh, N.2007. Efficiency evaluation of some dual purpose herbicide to control weeds in maize (Zea maya L.). Crop Protect. 26:936-942.
Bunting, J., Sprague, C. and Rieechers, D. 2005. Incorporating foramsulfuron into annual weed control systems for corn. Weed Technol. 19:160– 167.
Cavero, J., Zaragoza, C., Suso, M.L. and Pardo, A. 1999. Competition between maize and Daturastramonium in an irrigated field under semi-arid conditions. Weed Res. 39:225-240.
Deyhimfard, R., Zand, E., Liaghati, H., Soufizadeh, S. and Baghestani, M.A. 2009. Policies to reduce herbicide use. Iranian Weed Sci. 3:4-24.
Geier, P. W., Stahlman, P.W. and Hargett, G. 1999. Environmental and application effects on MON 37500 efficacy and phytoxicity. Weed Sci. 47:736-739.
Harris, D. 2006. Development and testing of on-farm seed priming. Adv. Agron. 90:129-178.
Henderson, C.W.L. and Webber, M.J. 1993. Phytotoxicity to transplanted lettuce (Lactuca sativa) of three pre-emergence herbicides: Metolachlor, pendimethalin, and propachlor. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 33:373–380.
Hussain, A., Nadeem, A., Ashraf, I. and Awan, M. 2009. Effect of weed competition periods on the growth and yield of black seed (Nigella sativa L.). Pak. J. Weed Sci Res. 15:71–81.
Khatami, A., Alebrahim, M.T., Mohebodini, M. and Majd, R. 2017. Evaluating rimsulforon efficiency on controlling weeds in potato at different growth stages. J. Plant Protect. 31(1):152-165.
Mithila, C.J., Blackshaw, R.E., Cachcart, R.J. and Hall, J.C. 2008. Physiological basis for reduced glyphosate efficacy on weed growth under low soil nitrogen. Weed Sci. 56:12-17.
Mouhajir, F., Pedersen, J.A., Rejdali, M. and Towers, G.H .1999. Antimicrobial thymohydroquinones of Moroccan Nigella sativa seeds detected by electron spin resonance. J. Pharm. Biol. 37(5):391-395.
Nadeem, M.A., Tanveer, A., Naqqash, T., Jhala, A.J. and Mubeen, K., 2013. Determining critical weed competition periods for black seed. J. Anim. Plant Sci. 23:216–221.
Nurse, R. and Swanton, C. 2006. Weed control and yield are improved when glyphosate is preceded by a residual herbicide in glyphosate-tolerant maize (Zea mays). J. Crop Prot. 25:1174–1179.
Omar A., Ghosheh, S., Abdulghani, A., Houdi, A. and Crookscor, P.A. 1999. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the pharmacologically active quinones and related compounds in the oil of the black seed (Nigella sativa L.). J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 19(5):757–762.
Rahman, H. U., Khattak, A.M., Sadiq, M., Ullah, K., Javeria, S. and Ullah, I. 2012. Influence of different weed management practices on yield of garlic crop. Sarhad J. Agric. 28(2):213-218.
Robinson, D.K., Monks, D.W. and Monaco, T.J. 1996. Potato (Solanum tuberosum) tolerance and susceptibility of eight weeds to rimsulfuron with without metribuzin. Weed Technol. 10:29-34.
Rohrig, M. and Stutzel, H.2001. Canopy development of Chenopodium album in pure and mixed stands. Weed Res. 41:111-228.
Serim, A. T. and Maden, S. 2014. Effects of soil residues of sulfosulfuron and mesosulfuron methyl + iodosulfuron methyl sodium on sunflower varieties. J. Agri. Sci. 20(1):1-9.
Smith, M.A.K. 2004. Pendimethalin phytotoxicity and seedling weed control in Indian spinach
(Basella alba L.). Crop Prot. 23:201–204.
Spitters, C.J.T. and Van den Bergh, J.P. 1982. Competition between crop and weeds: A system approach. In: Biology and ecology of weeds. (Holzner, W. and Numata, N. (Eds)), Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague, 137-48.
Tonks, D.J. and Eberlein C.V. 2001. Postemergence weed control rimsulfuron and various adjuvants in potato (Solanum tuberosum). Weed Technol. 15:613-616.
Tonks, D.J., Eberlin, C.V. and Guttieri, M.J. 2000. Preemergence weed control in potato (Solanum tuberosum) with ethalfluralin. Weed Technol. 14:282-292.
Williams, M. and Lindquist, J.L. 2007. Influence of planting date and weed interference on sweet corn growth and development. J. Agron. 99:1066-1072.
Wilson, R.G. 1993. Effect of preplant tillage, postplant cultivation and herbicides on weed density in corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol.7:728-734.
Wilson, R.G. and Westra, P. 1991. Wild-Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) interference in corn (Zea mays). J. Weed Sci. 39(2): 217-220.
Winkel, M.E., Leavitt, J. R.C. and Burnside, O.C. 1981. Effects of weed density on herbicide absorption and bioactivity. Weed Sci. 29:405-409.
Zalghi, Z. and Saeedipor, S.2016. Study the efficiency of Atlantis and its mixture with Duplosan Super and Bromicide MA herbicides for weeds controlling of wheat. J. Agric. Econ. 29(9):231-245.
Zand, A., Mousavi, S.K. and Heydari, A. 2009. Herbicides and methods of application with optimization and consumption reduction, Jahad Publication, University of Mashhad. 576Pp. (In Persian).
Zheljazkov, V.D., Patterson, G. and Sampson, M. 2003.pre-emergence weed control in herbs, spices, and medicinal plants. Proceedings of the National Meeting-Coanadian Weed Sciences society. November 30- December 3, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada. 97-98.