| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,037 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,984 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,831,663 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 77,203,445 |
رفتار پراکنش زنبور | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 87، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 109، اسفند 1398، صفحه 297-308 اصل مقاله (635.98 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2019.128473.1314 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| جلال شیرازی* 1؛ مسعود امیرمعافی2؛ همت دادپور3؛ علی جوینده4 | ||
| 1عضو هیات علمی/موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور | ||
| 2عضو هیئت علمی | ||
| 3آزمایشگاه بیولوژیک آمل | ||
| 4بخش گیاهپزشکی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پراکنش زنبور Trichogramma brassicae Bezd. با رهاسازی تعداد 50000 فرد بالغ در مرکز دو مزرعه برنج و 4 نوبت نمونهبرداری به‌وسیله تخم تله بید غلات Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.)) و کارتهای زرد چسبنده مطالعه شد. نتایج نشان داد در مزرعه اول ضریب پخش معادل 04/3 مترمربع در روز در نمونهبرداری اول بود، اما این مقدار در نوبت دوم بیش از 50 درصد کاهش داشت (07/1 مترمربع در روز) و در نوبت سوم به 28/11 مترمربع در روز رسید. در مزرعه دوم همین ضریب از 93/3 متر مربع در روز به 76/29 متر مربع در روز در نمونهبرداری سوم رسید. فاصله در برگیرنده 98 درصد جمعیت زنبور، در مزرعه اول، 80/9 متر در نمونهبرداری اول ثبت شد و به حداکثر 11/15 متر در نمونهبرداری سوم رسید، اما در مزرعه دوم از 21/11 متر در نوبت اول به حداکثر 45/53 متر در نوبت سوم افزایش یافت. متوسط تعداد زنبور باقیمانده در مزرعه اول 67/630 عدد و در مزرعه دوم 18/272 عدد در واحد سطح در کل دوره آزمایش بود. حداکثر میانگین میزان پارازیتیسم در مزرعه اول و دوم در نوبت اول نمونهبرداری در شعاع یک متری از نقطه رهاسازی مشاهده شد (به‌ترتیب 75/64 و 91 میانگین تخم پارازیته به ازای هر کارت) و با گذشت زمان و افزایش فاصله، کاهش یافت. نتیجهگیری اینکه برای بهرهمندی بهتر از رهاسازی زنبور تریکوگراما در کنترل ساقه خوار برنج، نیاز است تا توزیع زنبورها در مزرعه یکنواخت تر انجام شود. این امر نیازمند تغییر شیوه بستهبندی و رهاسازی زنبور است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| رفتار پراکنش؛ زنبور Trichogramma brassicae؛ کنترل بیولوژیک؛ کرم ساقه‌خوار برنج | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Dispersal behavior of Trichogramma brassicae in rice field | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Jalal Shirazi1؛ Masood Amir Maafi2؛ Hemmat Dadpour3؛ َAli Jooyandeh4 | ||
| 2Sunn Pest Dept | ||
| 3Biocontrol Lab, Amol | ||
| 4Dept of Plant Protection | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Dispersal of Trichogramma brassicae Bezd. was studied in 2 rice fields by a single release of 50000 adult wasps from a central point and recapturing them using yellow sticky traps and egg cards of Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) Results revealed that in rice field 1, dispersal coefficients were 3.04 and 1.07 m2/day at 1st and 2nd sampling turns. However, it reached to a level of 11.28 m2/day at 3rd sampling turn. In contrast, T. brassicae dispersed with a speed of 3.93 m2/dayat 1st sampling turn and had the highest dispersal coefficient (29.76 m2/day) at 3rd sampling turn in rice field 2. Similarly, the distances that encompassed 98% recaptured T. brassicae was highest in field 2 (53.45 m) compared with that in field 1 (15.11 m) at 3rd sampling turn. Number of wasps remained in fields 1 and 2 were recorded as 630.67 and 272.18 individuals, respectively, for total sampling turns. Moreover, the highest parasitism rates (64.75 and 91 mean parasitized eggs/card in fields 1 and 2, respectively) were observed at 1 meter distance from release point at first sampling turn and it decreased with time and distance elevation. It is concluded that more release points of T. brassicae per rice field is required to achieve universal dispersal in successful rice stem borer biocontrol. It needs innovation in packing and release method of the wasp. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biological control, dispersal behavior, rice stem borer, Trichogramma brassicae | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
ALLEN, J.C. and D. GONZALEZ, 1974. Spatial attack patterns of Trichogramma pretiosum around release sites compared with a random diffusion model. Environmental Entomology, 3: 647-652. ANDOW, D.A. and D. R. PROKRYM, 1991. Release density, Efficiency and disappearance of Trichogramma nubilalis for control of European corn borer. Entomophaga, 36: 105-113. ATTARAN, M.R. 2002. A study on different populations of Trichogramma spp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Northern provinces of Iran. Ph.D. thesis, Science and Research Branch, Azad University, Tehran, Iran, 155 pp. BANCROFT, J.S. 2005. Dispersal and abundance of Lygus hesperus in field crops. Environmental Entomology, 34: 1517-1523. BLACKMER, J.L.,J.R. HAGLER, G. S. SIMMONS, and L. A. CANAS, 2004. Comparative dispersal of Homalodisca coagulate and Homalodisca liturata (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Environmental Entomology, 33: 88-99. BURBUTIS, P.P.G.D. CURL, and C.P. DAVIS, 1977. Host searching behavior by Trichogranmma nubilale on corn. Environmental Entomology, 6: 400-402. CHAPMAN, A.V. 2007. Optimizing Trichogramma ostriniae (Hym; Trichogrammatidae) releases to control European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Lep; Crambidae) in bell pepper. Msc., thesis, Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Virginia State University, USA, 71 pp. CHAPMAN, A.V. T. P. KUHAR, P. B. SCHULTZ and C. C. BREWSTER, 2009. Dispersal of Trichogramma ostriniae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in potato fields. Environmental Entomology, 38: 677-685. EBADZADEH, H. R., K. AHMADI, SH. MOHAMMADNIA AFROOZI, R. ABBASTALEGHANI, M. ABBASI and SH. YARI, 2017. Iran Agriculture Statistics. Information and Relation Technology Center, Ministry of Agriculture-Jahad Publ., Tehran, Iran, 401 pp. (In Persian) FOURNIER, F. and G. Boivin, 2000. Comparative dispersal of Trichogramma evanescens and T. pretiosum (Hym; Trichogrammatidae) in relation to environmental conditions. Environmental Entomology, 29:55-63. GREATTI, M. and P. ZANDIGIACOMO, 1995. Post release dispersal of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko in corn fields. Journal of Applied Entomology, 119: 671-675. KANOUR, W.W. Jr. and P. P. BURBUTIS, 1984. Trichogramma nubilale (Hym; Trichogrammatidae) field releases in corn and a hypothetical model for control of European corn borer (Lep; Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 77: 103-106. KNIPLING, E. F. and J. U. MCGUIRE, 1968. Population models to appraise the limitation and potentialities of Trichogramma in managing host insect populations. USDA, Technical Bulletin No. 1387, 44 pp. KOLLIKER-OTT, U.M., F. BIGLER, and A.A. HOFFMANN, 2004. Field dispersal and host location of Trichogramma brassicae is influenced by wing size but not wing shape. Biological Control, 31: 1-10. KUHAR, T.P., V. M. BARLOW, M. P. HOFFMANN, S. J. FLEISCHER, E. A. GRODEN, J. GRANDER, R. HAZZARD, M. G. WRIGHT, S. A. PITCHER and P. WESTGATE, 2004. Potential of Trichogramma ostriniae (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) as a biological control agent of European corn borer (Lep; Crambidae) in solanaceous crops. Journal of Economic Entomology, 97: 1209-1216. MAHRUGHAN, A., J. SHIRAZI, M. AMIR MAAFI and H. DADPOUR, 2015. Dispersal of Trichogramma brassicae in tomato field. Journal of Crop Protection, 4:173-180. NEED, J.T. and P.P. BURBUTIS, 1979. Searching efficiency of Trichogramma nubilale. Environmental Entomology, 8: 224-227. PEZESHK, R,J. SHIRAZI, M.R. ATTARAN, and M. SHOJAI, 2010. A study on the searching efficiency of Trichogramma brassicae Bezd. at three thermal regimes. In: Sh. Manzari (ed), The 19th Iranian Plant Protection Congress. July 31- Aug 3, Tehran, Iran, pp 43. PUCHE, H.,T.J. WEISSLING, R. SCHNELL, N. D. EPSKY, and R. R. HEATH, 2005. Estimating dispersal rate of the silky cane weevil (Coleoptera; Curculionidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 129: 293-299. RUDD, W. G. and R. W. GANDOUR, 1985. Diffusion model for insect dispersal. Journal of Economic Entomology, 78:295-301. SAS INSTITUTE INC. 2001. SAS/ Stat users Guide, version 9.2 SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC. SHIRAZI, J., M. TAGHIZADEH, H. DADPOUR, M. R. ATTARAN, and E. ZAND, 2010. Investigation on the parasitism level of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hub.) eggs related to different densities of released Trichogramma brassicae Bezd. in corn. In: K. Bananaj (ed), The 19th Iranian Plant Protection Congress Proceedings. July 31- Aug 3, 2010, Tehran, Iran, p. 68. SHOJAI, M., S. TIRGARI and A. NASROLLAHI, 1988. Primary report on the occurrence of Trichogramma. In: J. Voegele, J. Waage, and J. van Lenteren, (eds.), Trichogramma and other egg parasites. Les Colloques de I’INRA, 43: 121. SMITH, M. 1996. Biological control with Trichogramma: advances, successes potential of their use. Annual Review of Entomology, 41: 375-406. THORPE, K. W. 1985. Effects of height and habitat type on egg parasitism by Trichogramma minutum and T. pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 12: 117-126. TURCHIN, P. and W. T. THOENY, 1993. Quantifying dispersal of southern pine beetles with mark-recapture experiments and a diffusion model. Ecological Applications, 3: 187-198. WANG, B. and D. N. FERRO, 1998. Functional response of Trichogramma ostriniae (Hym., Trichogrammatidae) to Ostrinia nubilalis (Lep., Pyralidae) under laboratory and field conditions. Environmental Entomology, 27: 752-758. WRIGHT, M.G., M.P. HOFFMANN, S.A. CHENUS and J. GARDNER, 2001. Dispersal behavior of Trichogramma ostriniae (Hym; Trichogrammatidae) in sweet corn fields: Implications for augmentative releases against Ostrinia nubilalis (Lep; Crambidae). Biological Control, 22: 29-37. WRIGHT, M. G., M. P. HOFFMANN, T. P. KUHAR, J. GARDNER, and S. A. PITCHER, 2005. Evaluating risks of biological control introductions: a probabilistic risk-assessment approach. Biological Control, 35: 338-347. TURCHIN, P. and W. T. THOENY, 1993. Quantifying dispersal of southern pine beetles with mark-recapture experiments and a diffusion model. Ecological Applications, 3: 187-198. WANG, B. and D. N. FERRO, 1998. Functional response of Trichogramma ostriniae (Hym., Trichogrammatidae) to Ostrinia nubilalis (Lep., Pyralidae) under laboratory and field conditions. Environmental Entomology, 27: 752-758. WRIGHT, M. G., M. P. HOFFMANN, S. A. CHENUS and J. GARDNER, 2001. Dispersal behavior of Trichogramma ostriniae (Hym; Trichogrammatidae) in sweet corn fields: Implications for augmentative releases against Ostrinia nubilalis (Lep; Crambidae). Biological Control, 22: 29-37. WRIGHT, M. G., M. P. HOFFMANN, T. P. KUHAR, J. GARDNER, and S. A. PITCHER, 2005. Evaluating risks of biological control introductions: a probabilistic risk-assessment approach. Biological Control, 35: 338-347. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 770 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 379 |
||