| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,028 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,882 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,253,332 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 60,278,419 |
تأثیر کاربری‌های جنگل، مرتع و کشاورزی و اقلیم بر ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک در استان ایلام | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 14، دوره 26، شماره 4، دی 1398، صفحه 953-970 اصل مقاله (398.07 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.120707 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه کرمی1؛ مسعود بازگیر* 2 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار گروه مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اقلیم و کاربری اراضی، دو عامل مهم می‌باشند که بر خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک تأثیر زیادی دارند. این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر اقلیم و کاربری اراضی بر خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک در سال 1395 در استان ایلام انجام گرفت. پس از بررسیهای اولیه، منطقه ایوان با اقلیمی نیمهمرطوب و گنجوان با اقلیمی نیمه‌خشک در استان ایلام انتخاب گردیدند. در هر منطقه، سه کاربری شامل جنگل، مرتع و کشاورزی در نظر گرفته شد. پس از بررسیهای میدانی در هر کاربری، پنج نمونه مرکب با سه تکرار از عمقهای سطحی (10-0 سانتیمتری) و تحتانی (30-10 سانتیمتری) خاک به‌صورت تصادفی برداشت گردید. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین مقدار آهک (85/47 درصد) و سیلت خاک (75/31 درصد) در اقلیم نیمه‌خشک گنجوان به‌دست آمد. خاکهای اقلیم نیمهمرطوب ایوان بیشترین مقدار رس و پتاسیم قابل جذب را دارا بود. بیشترین مقدار جرم مخصوص ظاهری (87/1 گرم بر سانتی‌متر مکعب) در اقلیم نیمه‌خشک گنجوان تحت تأثیر کاربری کشاورزی در عمق تحتانی خاک به‌دست آمد. کمترین مقدار جرم مخصوص ظاهری (08/1 گرم بر سانتی‌متر مکعب) در اقلیم نیمهمرطوب ایوان در عمق سطحی خاک تحت تأثیر کاربری جنگل مشاهده گردید. بیشترین میزان ماده آلی در کاربری جنگل در اقلیم نیمهمرطوب ایوان به‌دست آمد، که 85/42 درصد بیشتر از اقلیم نیمه‌خشک گنجوان بود. کاربری کشاورزی، کمترین میزان ماده آلی (37/4 درصد) را داشت. بیشترین مقدار نیتروژن (514/. درصد) و فسفر قابل جذب (04/35 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم) در اقلیم نیمهمرطوب ایوان تحت کاربری جنگل به‌دست آمد. در منطقه نیمهمرطوب ایوان مقدار کلسیم و منیزیم محلول در خاک تحتانی (30-10 سانتیمتری) در مقایسه با خاک سطحی (10-0 سانتیمتری) بیشتر بود. به‌طور کلی با تغییر کاربری از جنگل به زمین زراعی در اقلیم‌های نیمه‌خشک گنجوان درصد رس، ماده آلی و غلظت عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم قابل جذب کاهش یافت. بنابراین، مدیریت صحیح کاربری اراضی در اقلیم‌های نیمه‌خشک برای حفظ مطلوب ویژگیهای خاک بسیار ضروری است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آب و هوا؛ بافت خاک؛ عناصرغذایی خاک؛ کاربری؛ ماده آلی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Impact of Forest, Rangeland and Agriculture Land Uses and Climate on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Ilam Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fatemeh Karami1؛ Masoud Bazgir2 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Soil Science, Islamic Azad Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Soil and Water Engineering, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Climate and land use are two important factors which are greatly influence on soil physical and chemical properties. This research was conducted to study the effects of climate and land use on physical and chemical properties of soil in Ilam province in 2016. After initial studies, Ivan area with semi-humid climate and Ganjavan with semi-arid climate in Ilam province were selected. In each region, three land uses including forest, rangeland and agricultural were considered. After field studies in each land use, five soil samples were taken from 0-10cm and 10-30cm depths and collected randomly. The results showed that the highest amount of soil lime (47.85%) and soil silt (31.75%) were obtained in semi-arid climate of Ganjvan. The soils of Ayvan as a semi-humid climate had the highest amount of clay and K available. The highest bulk density (1.87 g.cm-3) was obtained in semi-arid climate of Ganjavan under the effect of agricultural use at lower soil depth. The lowest amount of bulk density (1.08 g.cm-3) was observed in semi-humid climate of Ayvan in the soil surface depth under forest land use. The highest amount of organic matter was obtained in forest land use in semi-humid climate in Ayvan, (42.85 %) which was more than semi-arid climate of Ganjvan. Agricultural land use had the lowest amount of organic matter (4.37%). The highest amount of N (0.514%) and P (35.04 mg kg-1) concentrations were obtained in forest land use in the semi-humid climate of Ayvan. The amount of Ca and Mg concentration in subsoil solution (10-30cm) layer was higher than topsoil solution (0-10cm) layer in Ayvan. In general, by changing land use from forest to farm, the percentage of clay, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium available decreased in semi-arid climates of Ganjvan. Therefore, proper land use management in semiarid climates is essential for optimal preservation of soil properties. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Land use, Nutrient elements, Organic matter, Soil texture, Weather | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Alvaro-Fuentes, J., Easter, M. and Paustian, K., 2012. Climate change effects on organic carbon storage in agricultural soils of northeastern Spain. Journal of Agricultural Ecosystem and Environment, 155 (8): 87-94. - Auwal, M. and David, A. A., 2015. Assessment of nutrient distribution as affected by land use pattern in Allahabad Region. International Journal of Geology, 5(2): 26-31. - Awotoye, O. O., Adebola, S. I. and Matthew, O. J., 2013. The effects of land-use changes on soil properties in a humid tropical location; Little-Ose forest reserve, south-western Nigeria. Research Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Management, 2(6): 176-182. - Bahrami, A., Emadodin, I., Ranjbar-Atashi, M. and Rudolf-Bork, H., 2010. Land use change and soil degradation: A case study, north of Iran. Agriculture and Biology. Journal of North America, 1(4): 600-605. - Biro, K., Pradhan, B., Muchroithner, M. and Makeschin, F., 2013. Land use/land cover change analysis and its impact on soil properties in the Northern part of Gadarif Region, Sudan. Journal of Land Degradation and Development, 24(1): 90-102. - Blake, G. R. and Hartge, K. H., 1986. Bulk density. In: Klute, A., Ed., Methods of soil analysis. Part 1: physical and mineralogical methods, 2nd, Agronomy Monograph, Madison, 363-382p. - Bouyoucos, G. J., 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal, 54 (15): 464-465. - Chapman, H. D. and Pratt, P. F., 1978. Methods of analysis for soils, plants and waters. Division of Agricultural Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, USA. 309 P. - Datta, A., Basak, N., Chaudhari, S. K. and Sharma, D. K., 2015. Soil properties and organic carbon distribution under different land uses in reclaimed sodic soils of North-West India. Journal of Geoderma Regional, 4: 134-146. - Franzluebbers, A. J., 2002. Soil organic matter stratification ratio as an indicator of soil quality. Journal of Soil Tillage Research, 66: 95-106. - García-Orenes, F., Guerrero, C., Mataix-Solera, J., Navarro-Pedreno, J., Gómez, I., and Mataix-Beneyto, J., 2005. Factors controlling the aggregate stability and bulk density in two different degraded soils amended with biosolids. Soil Tillage Research, 82: 65-76. - Gholami, L., Davari, M., Nabiolahi, K. and Junidigafari, H., 2016. The Effect of Land Use Change on Some Soil Physical and Chemical Properties (Case Study: Baneh). Journal of Soil and Water Resources Conservation, 5(3): 13-28. - Halvin, J., Beaton, J. D., Tisdale, S. L. and Nelson, W. L., 2005. Soil fertility and fertilizers. Pearson Education, New Jersey, 356p. - Hunke, P., Roller, R., Zeilhofer, P., Schröder, B. and Mueller, E. N., 2015. Soil changes under different land-uses in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Journal of Geoderma Regional, 4: 31-43. - Jafari, M. and Sarmadian, F., 2007. Soil science of and soil taxonomy. Tehran University Press, 276p. - Kiani, F., Jalalian, A., Pashai, A. and Khademi, H., 2007. The role of forestry, pasture and degradation of rangelands on soil quality indices in Loess lands of Golestan province. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 11(41): 453 - 464. - Manna, M. C., Swaru, A., Wanjari, R. H., Mishra, B. and Shahi, D. K., 2007. Long-term fertilization, manure and liming effects on soil organic matter and crop yields. Journal of Soil Tillage Research, 94: 397-409. - Martínez-Mena, M., López, J., Almagro M., Boix-Fayos, C. and Albaladejo, J., 2008. Effect of water erosion and cultivation on the soil carbon stock in a semiarid area of South-East Spain. Journal of Soil Tillage Research, 99: 119-129. - Mojaddi, H., Moradi, A., Jalali, S., Ismailpoor, A. and Bahmanyar, M. A., 2012. Effect of forest land use change on soil chemical properties. Watershed Journal of Research and Development, 97: 1-6. - Muñoz- Rojas, M., Jordán, A., Zavala, L. M., De La Rosa, D., Abd-Elmabod, S. K. and Anaya–Romero, M., 2015. Impact of land use and land cover changes on organic carbon stocks in Mediterranean soils (1956- 2007). Journal of Land Degradation and Development, 26(2): 168-179. - Niknahad, H. and Marmarai, M., 2011. Study of the effects of land use change on soil properties (Case Study: Kechik Watershed). Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production, 1(2): 81-96. - Page. A. L., Miller, R. H. and Jeeney, D. R., 1992. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and mineralogical properties. SSSA Publication, Madison, 624 P. - Ramazanpur, H. and Rasooli, N., 2015. Investigating the effects of land use change on some soil characteristics. Journal of Soil Science Researches of Soil and Water Sciences, 29(2): 221-231. - Rezapour, S., 2014. Response of some soil attributes to different land use types in calcareous soils with Mediterranean type climate in north-west of Iran. Journal of Environmental Earth Science, 71: 2199-2210. - Rezapour, S. and Samadi, A., 2012. Assessment of Inceptisols soil quality following long-term cropping in a calcareous environment. Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 184: 1311-1323. - Riahi, M., Vahabzadeh R. and Raai, R., 2016. The role of land use change on some physical and chemical properties of soils (Case Study: Kiasar Galogah Basin). Journal of Water and Soil Science, 26(1): 159-171. - Saber, D., 2012. Investigation of soil characteristics in different land uses affected by semi-humid and humid climates. M.Sc. thesis, Department of Soil Science, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman. - Soleimani, K. and Azmodeh, A., 2010. Investigating the role of land use change on some physical, chemical and soil erosion properties. Journal of Natural Geography Research. 74: 111-124. - Steffens, M., Kölbl, A., Totsche, K. U. and Kögel-Knabner, I., 2008. Grazing effects on soil chemical and physical properties in a semiarid steppe of Inner Mongolia (P.R. China). Journal of Geoderma, 143: 63-72. - Supit, I. C., Van Diepen, A., De Wit, A. J. W., Wolf, J., Kabat, P., Baruth B. and Ludwig, F., 2012. Assessing climate change effects on European crop yields using the crop growth monitoring system and a weather generator. Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 164: 96-111. - Tajari, S., Barani, M., Khormali, F. and Kiani, F., 2013. The effect of land use changes on soil in organic phosphorus in loess area in Toshan, Golestan province. Journal of Water and Soil, 29(2): 453-465. - Vahabzadeh, G. H., Riahi, M. R. and Roshani, S. H., 2016. Investigation of Land Use Change on Some Physicochemical Properties of Soil and Erosion (Case Study: Basin of Watershed, Kaftargah of Behshahr County). Journal of Environmental Erosion Research, 22: 75-88. - Wuest, S. B., Caesar, T. T. C., Wright, S. F. and Williams, J. D., 2005. Organic matter addition, N, and residue burning effects on infiltration, biological, and physical properties of an intensively tilled silt-loam soil. Journal of Soil Tillage Research, 84: 154-167. - Yousefifard, M., Jalalian, A. and Khademi, H., 2007. Estimating nutrient and soil loss from pasture land use change using rainfall simulator. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 11(40): 93-107. - Zeraat pisheh, M., Khormali, F., Kiani, F. and Pahlevani, M. H., 2012. Studying clay minerals in soils formed on loess parent materials in a climatic gradient in Golestan province. Journal of Soil Research, 26(3): 303-316. - Zhao, G., Mu, X., Wen, Z., Wang, F. and Gao, P., 2013. Soil erosion, conservation, and Eco-environment changes in the loess plateau of China. Journal of Land Degradation and Development, 24: 499-510. Zobeiry, M., 2009. Forest Inventory. Tehran University Press, Tehran, 424p. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 683 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 328 |
||