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تغییرات تنوع بتای گلسنگها در شدت‌های مختلف چرای دام در مراتع کوهسری سمیرم | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 26، شماره 4، دی 1398، صفحه 941-952 اصل مقاله (411.05 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.120697 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عزت اله مرادی* 1؛ غلامعلی حشمتی2؛ امیراحمد دهقانی3 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته‌ی دکتری علوم مرتع، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. ایران | ||
| 2استاد گروه مرتعداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پوستههای بیولوژیک از جمله گلسنگها امروزه به عنوان یکی از شاخصهای بیولوژیکی زنده استفاده میشوند. هدف اصلی این مطالعه ارزیابی روند تغییرات تنوع گلسنگها در فشارهای مختلف چرایی در طول سال در مراتع کوهسری شهرستان سمیرم استان اصفهان است. تنوع گلسنگها متغیر وابسته و آشفتگی وارده شامل 5 میزان دامگذاری 1، 5/1،2،5/2 و3 واحد دامی در هکتار به عنوان متغیر مستقل است. میزانهای دامگذاری به مدت 4 سال با اجرای 5 سناریو مدیریتی (چرا و قرق به صورت متناوب و متوالی) اعمال و مطالعه شد. حضور و عدم حضور گلسنگها به روش نمونهبرداری تصادفی با استفاده از ترانسکت و واحدهای نمونهبرداری تو در تو انجام شد. تنوع گلسنگ با استفاده از نرمافزار PAST و رابطهی بین متغیرها با SPSS محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد تنوع گلسنگها به خوبی نشانگر میزان فشار بر اکوسیستم مرتع است. در مدیریت اکوسیستمهای مرتعی میتوان از ویژگی تنوع گلسنگ به عنوان شاخص اکولوژیکی به منظور تحت فشار بودن یا نبودن اکوسیستمهای مرتعی اکوسیستم مرتع استفاده نمود. همچنین بهترین سناریوی مدیریت چرایی برای این منطقه مبتنی بر تغییرات تنوع گلسنگ، سناریوی چرای متناوب (یک سال در میان چرا و استراحت بسته به وضعیت مرتع و روش مرتعداری) پیشنهاد میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مرتع؛ گلسنگ؛ فشار چرایی؛ سناریو | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Lichen beta diversity variations at different grazing intensity in Semirom mountainous rangelands | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ezatollah Moradi1؛ Gholamali Heshmati2؛ Amirahmad Dehghani3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Rangeland Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural sciences & Natural Resources.Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Gorgan University of Agricultural sciences & Natural Resources.Iran | ||
| 3Associate Prof. Dept. Water Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural sciences & Natural Resources, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Nowadays, biological crusts, including lichens, are used as a living biological indexes. The Main objective of this study is evaluation of lichen diversity trends at differences grazing intensity in the mountain rangelands of Semorom in Isfahan province. The lichen diversity is dependent variable and grazing intensity (consists of 5 stoking rate 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 animal unit per hectare) considerd as independent variable. Each stoking rate studied along 4 years by implementing 5 management scenarios (grazing and ungrazing alternatively and consecutively). The presence and absence of lichens was performed by random sampling method using transects and sampling units. The lichen diversity analyzed by PAST software and the relationship between variables was calculated by SPSS. The result showed that the lichens diversity is a good indicates of pressure on rangeland ecosystems. In management of rangeland ecosystems, lichen diversity can be used as an ecological indicator for rangeland ecosystems under pressure or non-pressure. Also, the best grazing management scenario for this area is suggested based on the variation of lichen diversity, alternating grazing scenario (every one year between grazing and resting depending on rangeland status and range method). | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Rangeland, lichen, grazing pressure, scenario | ||
| مراجع | ||
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