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Investigating the effect of some insecticides on Pulvinaria aurantii Ckll. and its predator, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant | ||
| Journal of Entomological Society of Iran | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 39، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 79، اسفند 2019، صفحه 295-309 اصل مقاله (1.05 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Paper, Persian | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22117/jesi.2019.124741.1292 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| M. F. Hallaji Sani1؛ B. Naseri* 2؛ H. Rafiee Dastjerdi1؛ S. Aghajanzadeh3؛ Mo. Ghadamyari4 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran, | ||
| 3Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ramsar, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The orange pulvinaria scale, Pulvinaria aurantii Ckll. is the most important scale of citrus in the northern Iran. The lethal effects of chlorpyrifos, pyripropoxyfen, acetamiprid and palazin, alone and in combination with emulsifying oil, were evaluated on first-instar nymphs of P. aurantii. The experiment was conducted under natural condition in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications and 10 treatments, and treatments effect was compared 1, 7, 14 and 21 days after spraying. Moreover, the effect of these insecticides was investigated on duration of immature stages and female longevity of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant. The activity of some detoxification enzymes (alpha-esterase, beta-esterase and glutathion-S-transferase) in third instar larvae was evaluated. The experiments on the ladybird were conducted under laboratory conditions at 26±1ºC, 75±5% RH and a photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h. The treatments with acetamiprid + oil, pyripropoxyfen + oil, chlorpyrifos + oil and palazin + oil had the highest mortality on first nymphal instar of the scale. The longest incubation period of C. montrouzieri was in chlorpyrifos treatment (8.13 days), and the shortest was in control (4.80 days). Moreover, among treatments the female longevity of C. montrouzieri was the longest in control (96.60 days), and shortest in chlorpyrifos treatment (53.50 days). Chlorpyriphos and acetamipirid caused the highest reduction in alpha-esterase and glutathion-S-transferase activities of the third larval instar of C. montrouzieri, respectively. Also, palizin had less negative effect on the activity of beta-esterase in comparison with other tested insecticides. The results of this study indicated that among tested compounds, palizin in combination with the oil is a suitable compound to control of the orange pulvinaria scale. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| detoxification enzyme؛ palizin؛ lethal effect؛ chemical pesticide | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| بررسی اثر چند ترکیب حشره کش روی بالشتک مرکبات Pulvinaria aurantii Ckll و شکارگر آن Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| محمد فاضل حلاجی ثانی1؛ بهرام ناصری2؛ هوشنگ رفیعی دستجردی1؛ سیروس آقاجانزاده3؛ محمد قدمیاری4 | ||
| 1دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، اردبیل | ||
| 2دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، اردبیل | ||
| 3پژوهشکده مرکبات و میوه های نیمه گرمسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رامسر، ایران | ||
| 4گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| بالشتک مرکبات، Pulvinaria aurantii Ckll. مهمترین شپشک باغهای مرکبات شمال کشور است. اثر کشندگی حشرهکشهای کلرپایریفوس، استامیپراید، پایری پروکسیفن و پالیزین، بهتنهایی و همراه با روغن امولسیون شونده روی پورههای سن یک بالشتک مرکبات مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش در شرایط طبیعی در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 10 تیمار و 3 تکرار انجام و اثر تیمارها، 1، 7، 14 و 21 روز پس از سمپاشی مقایسه شد. علاوه بر این، اثر حشرهکشهای یاد شده روی دوره نابالغ و عمر حشره ماده کفشدوزک Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant بررسی شد. همچنین فعالیت برخی آنزیمهای غیرسمی کننده (گلوتاتیون اس-ترانسفراز، آلفا و بتا استراز) در لاروهای سن سوم کفشدوزک مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. آزمایشها روی کفشدوزک در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و در دمای 1±26 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±75 درصد و دوره نوری 14 ساعت روشنایی و 10 ساعت تاریکی انجام شدند. تیمارهای استامیپراید، پایری پروکسیفن، پالیزین و کلرپایریفوس همراه با روغن، بیشترین درصد تلفات را در پورههای سن اول بالشتک ایجاد کردند. طولانیترین زمان تفریخ تخم کفشدوزک (13/8 روز) در تیمار کلرپایریفوس و کوتاهترین آن در تیمار شاهد (80/4 روز) به دست آمد. بین تیمارهای مورد آزمایش، کوتاهترین طول عمر حشرات کامل ماده کفشدوزک، در تیمار کلرپایریفوس (50/53 روز) مشاهده شد. کلرپایریفوس باعث بیشترین کاهش فعالیت آلفا استراز و استامیپراید باعث بیشترین کاهش فعالیت گلوتاتیون اس-ترانسفراز در لارو سن سوم کفشدوزک شدند. پالیزین نسبت به سه حشرهکش دیگر اثر منفی کمتری روی فعالیت بتا استراز کفشدوزک داشت. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که در میان ترکیبات مورد بررسی، پالیزین همراه با روغن ترکیب مناسبی برای کنترل بالشتک مرکبات میباشد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| آنزیم غیرسمی کننده, پالیزین, تأثیر کشندگی, آفتکش شیمیایی | ||
| مراجع | ||
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