| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,975 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,408 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 43,897,730 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,400,405 |
شناخت مهمترین عوامل موثر فیزیوگرافی، توپوگرافی و خاکی بر تنوع‌‌گیاهی (مطالعه موردی: مراتع کوهستانی نمین، اردبیل) | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 26، شماره 4، دی 1398، صفحه 838-854 اصل مقاله (385.65 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.120678 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| اسد صادقپور1؛ جواد معتمدی* 2؛ اسماعیل شیدای کرکج3 | ||
| 1کارشناس ارشد مرتعداری، اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری اردبیل، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات‌‌مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع‌‌طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اطلاع از تنوعگونهای گیاهی و ارتباط آن با عوامل‌‌محیطی، از مقدمات ضروری در عملیات احیای مرتع و اولویت حفاظت و حمایت از تنوعگونهای رویشگاه‌‌هاست. بدین‌‌منظور، مراتع کوهستانی نمین، انتخاب و به روش تصادفی سیستماتیک در زیرحوزه‌‌ها، اقدام به برداشت داده‌‌های پوشش‌‌گیاهی شد. با ثبت ویژگی‌‌های فیزیوگرافی و توپوگرافی و اندازه‌‌گیری خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک، رابطه بین تنوع گیاهی و خصوصیات زیرحوزه‌‌ها، بررسی شد. بدین‌‌منظور برای بررسی ارتباط تنوعگونهای با ویژگی‌‌های محیطی، با توجه به طول گرادیان محاسبه شده، از روش آنالیزافزونگی (RDA) به‌‌‌عنوان روش خطی استفاده شد. بر مبنای نتایج، ویژگی‌‌های فیزیوگرافی و توپوگرافی، بر غنای‌‌گونه‌‌ای و خصوصیات‌‌شیمیایی خاک و بر مقدار یکنواختی و تنوعگونهای زیرحوزه‌‌ها، بیشترین تاثیر را داشت و میزان 64/89 درصد از تغییرات را تبیین می‌‌کرد. در مجموع؛ مقدار شیب، کربن‌‌آلی و هدایت‌‌الکتریکی خاک، از مهمترین عوامل موثر بر افزایش مقادیر شاخص‌‌های تنوعگونهای و پارامترهای طول، مساحت و جهت زیرحوزه، از مهمترین عوامل موثر بر کاهش شاخص‌‌های مذکور بود. لذا در شرایطی که هدف مدیریت، افزایش تنوعگونهای باشد، بایستی مکان‌‌هایی که از نظر خصوصیات‌‌شیمیایی خاک (ماده‌‌آلی و به‌‌تبع‌‌آن کربن‌‌آلی) در معرض خطر هستند، در اولویت قرار گیرند و اگر هدف مدیریت، افزایش ساختار پوشش‌‌گیاهی و افزایش درصد حفاظت گیاهی از فرسایش‌‌پاشمانی باشد، در این صورت بایستی مکان‌‌هایی که در جهات جنوبی واقع هستند و دارای شیب تند می‌‌باشند، در اولویت قرار گیرند. ضمن اینکه انجام عملیات احیای مرتع، در زیرحوزه‌‌های با مساحت بزرگتر، به‌‌واسطه پائین بودن غنای‌‌گونه‌‌ای، در اولویت می‌‌باشد و زیرحوزه‌‌های کوچکتر، به‌‌واسطه دارا بودن غنای بالا، باید در اولویت حفاظت و حمایت، قرار گیرند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آنالیزافزونگی؛ تنوع زیستی؛ غنای‌‌گونه‌‌ای؛ حفاظت؛ عوامل محیطی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Recognition the most important factors of physiography, topography and soil on plant diversity (Case study: Namin mountain rangelands, Ardebil) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Asad Sadeghpour1؛ Javad Moetamedi2؛ Esmaeil Sheidai Karkaj3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. in Range Management, Ardabil Bureau of Natural Resources and Watershed Management, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Information of plant diversity and its relationship with environmental factors are necessary requirements for rangeland rehabilitation techniques and priority of biodiversity conservation in local habitats. To collect vegetation cover data, the Namin mountainous rangelands were selected and systematic random sampling in ecological units was used. The relationship between plant diversity and ecological unit’s characteristics (Sub-basins) was studied by recording the data in physiographic, topographic, chemistry and physics in the soil. To investigate the relationship between species diversity and environmental factors, the redundancy analysis (RDA) method was used as linear method based on gradient length. Based on the results, the physiographic and topographic had significant effect on the richness of the species. On the other hand, soil chemical properties had the greatest impact on the amount of species evenness and diversity of the ecological units and explained 89.64% of the variations. In general, slope, organic carbon amd EC are the most important effective characteristic on the enhancement species diversity idexes and the length parameters. It was also indicated that area and direction of sites are the most important factors on reduction of diversity indices. Therefore, in situations where the purpose of the management to be improve species diversity, places where are in endanger in terms of chemical properties of the soil (organic matter and, consequently, organic carbon) should be prioritized. If the aim of management to be increase in vegetation structure and percentage of plant protection from splash erosion, in this case, places where are in the southern direction and have a steep slope should be prioritized. Furthermore, rangeland rehabilitation techniques are a priority in larger-scale units due to the lower species richness, and smaller units, due to the high plant species richness, should be prioritized of conservation and protection. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Redundancy analysis, biodiversity, species richness, protection, environmental factors | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Al Mutairi, K. H., El-Bana, M., Mansor, M., Al-Rowaily, S. and Mansor, A., 2012. Floristic diversity, composition and environmental correlates on the arid, Coralline Islands of the Farasan Archipelago, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Arid Land Research and Management, 2 (26):137-150. - Amiri, S., Erfanzadeh, R., Esmaeilpour, Y. and Omidipour, R., 2017. Application of additive partitioning to study the effect of aspect and elevation on alpha, beta and gamma diversities of plant species (Case study: protected area of Geno, Hormozgan province). Journal of Range and Desert Research, 23(3): 643-658. - AOAC, 1990. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington. - Asadi Nalivan, O., Rostami Khalaj, M., Mohseni Saravi, M. and Sour, A., 2015. Prioritizing of watershed management planning using TOPSIS method in the watershed (Case study: Zydasht-Taleghan). Journal of Watershed Management Research, 6 (12): 98-107. - Badano, E. I., Cavieres, L. A., Molinga-Montenegro, M. A. and Quiroz, C. L., 2005. Slope aspect influences plant association patterns in the Mediterranean matural of central chile. Journal of Arid Environments, 62 (1): 93-108. - Bahrami, B., Erfanzadeh, R. and Motamedi, J., 2014. Studying edaphic and physiographic factors affecting plant diversity in semi-arid rangelands (Case study: Khangah-Sorkh rangeland, Urmia). Journal of Watershed Management Research (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), No 103: 185-193 - Barnett, D.T. and Stohlgren, T. J., 2003. A nested-intensity design for surveying plant diversity. Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, 12: 255-278. - Behmanesh, B., Heshmati, G. H. and Baghani, M., 2008. Determination diversity of medicinal plants in Chahar Bagh mountain rangelands, Golestan province. Journal of Rangeland, 2 (2): 150-141. - Caswell, H. and Jesus, p., 2014. Bathymetric species-diversity patterns and boundary constraints on vertical range distributions. Deep-Sea Research II, 45 (1-3) 83-101. - Ebrahimi, M., Bashari, H., Bassiri, M., Borhani, M. and Mohajeri, A., 2017. Evaluating vegetation and soil physic-chemical characteristics changes along a grazing gradient using non-metric multi dimensional scaling analysis (case study: Morchehkhort rangelands- Isfahan). Journal of Rangeland, 1(11): 106-115. - Ejtehadi, H., Sepehri, A. and Akafi, H. R., 2009. Biodiversity measurement methods. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, 228p. - Elias Azar, K. H., 1990. Public and private soil science. Urmia University Jihad Publications. 396p. - Esmailzadeh, A., Hosseini, M., Asadi, H., Ghadiri Pour, P. and Ahmadi, A., 2007. Plant biodiversity in relation to physiographical factors in Afratakhteh Yew. Journal of Plant Biology, 4 (12):1-12. - Fahimipour, E., Zare Chahouki, M. A., Tavili, A. and Jafari, M., 2010, Investigation of plant diversity changes with environmental factors in middle rangelands of Taleghan. Journal of Watershes Management Researches, 87: 32-41. - Fu, B. J., Liu, S. L., Ma, K. M. and Zhu, Y. G., 2004. Relationships between soil characteristics, topography and plant diversity in a heterogeneous deciduous broad-leaved forest near Beijing, China. Journal of Plant and soil, 261(2): 47-54. - Gaston, K. J. and Spicer, J. I., 2004. Biodiversity: an Introduction. Blackwell Science Publishing. 2nd Ed. 191p. - Gilichnaya, J., 1999. Studying the degree of correlation of plant communities with topographic factors (slope and direction) in Nardan region. Quarterly Journal of Research and Development, 43: 41-33. - Gong, X., Brueck, H., Giese, K. M., Zhang, L., Sattelmacher, B. and Lin, S., 2008. Slope aspect has effects on productivity and species composition of hilly grassland in the Xilin River Basin, Inner Mongolia, China. Journal of Arid Environments, 72(3): 483-493. - Hamilton, A. J., 2005. Species diversity or biodiversity?. Journal of Environmental Management, 75(1): 89-92. - Heshmati, G., Karimian, A. A., Karami, P. and Amirkhani M., 2006. Qualitative evaluation of rangeland ecosystem capacity in Inche Bron district, Golestan province. Journal of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, 14 (1): 32-23. - Jabeen, T. and Ahmad, S. S., 2009. Multivariate analysis of environmental and vegetation data of Ayub National Park Rawalpindi. Journal of Soil & Environmental, 28 (2): 106-112. - Jiang, Y., Kang, M., Zhu, Y. and Xu, G., 2007. Plant biodiversity patterns on Helan Mountain China. Journal of Acta Oecologica, 32(2):125-133. - Jongman, R. H. G., Ter Braak, C. J. F. and Van Tongeren, O. F. R., 1995. Data analysis in community and landscape ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. - Jost, L., 2007. Partitioning diversity into independent alpha and beta components. Journal of Ecological Society of America, 88(1): 2427- 2439. - Kleyer, M., Dray, S., Bello, F., Leps, J., Pakeman, R.J., Strauss, B., Thuiller, W. and Lavorel, S., 2012. Assessing species and community functional responses to environmental gradients: which multivariate methods? Journal of Vegetation Science, 23: 805-821. - Liu, J.Y., Yue, T. X., Jorgensen, S. E. and Ye, Q. H., 2003. Landscape change detection of the newly created wetland in Yellow River Delta. Journal of Ecological Modeling, 164(3): 21-31. - Ma, M., 2005. Species richness vs. evenness: independent relationship and different responses to edaphic factors. Journal of Oikos, 111:192-198. - Magurran, A. E., 2004. Measuring biological diversity. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford. - Mahdavi, A., Heydari, M. and Eshaghi-rad, J., 2009. Investigating the biodiversity of plant species in relation to physiographic and physico-chemical factors of soil in Kabir Kouh protected area. Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 18 (3): 436-426. - Mansourfar, K., 2016. Advanced Statistical Methods. University Press, 480 p. - McCune, B. and Grace, G., 2002. Analysis of ecological communities, Gleneden Beach, Orgon, USA, 300p. - Mensah, S., Veldtman, R., Du Toit, B., Glele Kakai, R. and Seifert, T., 2016. Aboveground biomass and carbon in a South African mistbelt forest and the relationships with tree species diversity and forest structures. Journal of Forests, 79(4): 1-17. - Mesdaghi, M., 2001. Vegetation description and analysis. Mashhad University Press, 287p. - Mirzaei, J., Akbariya, M., Hosseini, S. M., Sohrabi, H. and Hossein Zadeh, J., 2007. Variety of herbaceous species in relation to physiographic factors in middle Zagros ecosystems. Journal of Biology, 20 (4): 382-375. - Mohsen Nejad Andavari, M., Shokri, M., Zali, H. and Jafarian, Z., 2010. Investigating the effect of soil properties and physiographic factors on the distribution of plants (Case study: Behroozhagh Haraz rangelands). Journal of Rangeland, 2 (2): 262-275. - Motamedi, J. and Sheidai Karkaj, A., 2015. A suitable model for distribution of frequency diversity in three different crop intensities in the Dizaj Bethsa rangelands of West Azarbaijan. Journal of Range and Watershed, 67 (1): 115-103. - Razavi, A., Rahmani, R. and Sattarian, A., 2009. Study of factors affecting biodiversity using multiple linear regressions in Waz research forest. Journal of Wood and Wood Science and Technology, 16 (1): 50-33. - Rostampour, M., Jafari, M., Farzadmehr, J., Tavili, A. and Zare Chahouki, M. A., 2009. Investigation of relationships between plant biodiversity and environmental factors in the plant communities of arid ecosystems (Case study: Zirkouh of Qaen). Journal of Watershed Management Researches (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 22 (2): 47-57. - Salami, A., Zare, H., Amini Eshkevari, T., Ejtehadi, H. and Jafari, B., 2007. Comparison of plant species diversity in the two grazed and ungrazed rangeland sites in Kohneh Lashak, Nowshahr. Journal of Watershed Management Researches (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 75: 37-46. - Salarvand, M., Erfanzadeh, R. and Kooj, Y., 2016. The effect of the habitat type on soil and plant diversity properties in natural ecosystems in the northern Alborz (Case study: Vaz watershed). Journal of Applied Ecology, 5 (16): 1-11. - Shabani, S., Akbariya, M., Jalali, S. G. and Ali Arabs, A., 2010, the effect of physiographic factors on the diversity of plant species in open field forests (Case study: Lalisi Chalus Forest). Journal of Biology, 23 (2): 428-418. - Sheikh Hosseini, A. R. and Nourbakhsh, F., 2007. Effect of soil type and plant residues on the severity of pure nitrogen mineralization. Journal of Research and Development, 127 (3): 133-75. - Sjors, H. and Gunnarsson, U., 2002. Calcium and pH in north and central Swedish mire wates. Journal of Ecology, 90 (4): 650-657. - Suresh, M., Sudhakar, S., Tiwari, K. N. and Chawdary, V. M., 2005. Prioritization of watershed using morphometric parameters and assessment of surface water potential using RS. Journal of the Indian society of Remote Sensing, 32: 11 pp. - Tahmasebi, P., 2011. Ordination (Multivariate analysis in science and natural resources). Shahrekord University Press, 184p. - Zare Chahouki, M. A., Khojasteh, F. and Tavili, A., 2012. Distribution of vegetation type according to edaphic properties and topography in Taleghan rangelands of Alborz province (Iran). Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 21(4):1071-1077. - Zare Chahouki, M., Jafari, M. and Azarnivand, H., 2008. Investigating the relationship between species diversity and environmental factors in Poshtkouh rangelands of Yazd province. Journal of Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 21 (1): 192-199. - Zargar, A. A. and Nouruzi, Z., 2016. The Persian Gulf countries' responsibilities and their roles in environmental protection. Studies of International Relations Journal, 9(33): 251-281. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 505 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 279 |
||