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بررسی احتمال تخریب زمین با روش تاپسیس در مرتع های مشرف به شهر اشتهارد، استان البرز | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 32، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 125، دی 1398، صفحه 79-93 اصل مقاله (1.39 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2019.126535.1227 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| امین صالح پور جم* 1؛ حمیدرضا پیروان2؛ محمود رضا طباطبایی1؛ امیر سررشته داری3؛ جمال مصفایی1 | ||
| 1استادیار، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3مربی، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تخریب زمین در اقلیمهای مختلف موجب انهدام زیست‌بومهای طبیعی و کاهش توان تولید طبیعت می‌شود. در بررسی احتمال تخریب زمین در محدوده‌ی مرتع‌های مشرف به اشتهارد، نقشهی طبقه‌های شیب، کاربری زمین و زمینشناسی تهیه شد تا واحدهای همگن ایجاد شود، و از رویهم گذاشتن و تقاطع‌دادن این نقشهها، نقشهی واحدهایکاری به‌دست آمد. سه شاخص حساسیت به فرسایش، شوری و نفوذپذیری در هر یک از واحدهای کاری انتخاب، و هر یک با نقشهی طبقهبندیشده نشان داده‌شد. وزن معیارها و نسبت سازگاری آن‌ها با روش فرآیند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) محاسبه شد. برای تعیین‌کردن احتمال و اولویتبندی‌کردن گزینهها روش تاپسیس به‌کاربرده شد. در این روش پس از محاسبه‌ی چارچوب به‌معیار شده‌ی موزون، فاصله‌های اقلیدسی، و نزدیکی نسبی به راه‌حل دل‌خواه اقدام، احتمال تخریب زمین واحدها اولویتبندی شد. دامنه‌ی تغییر نزدیکی نسبی به راه‌حل دل‌خواه گزینهها مبتنی بر روش AHP-TOPSIS از 0/002 تا 0/991 متغیر بود. بر این اساس، در منطقهی بررسی‌شده چهار طبقهی احتمال یا شدت تخریب زمین دیده شد. احتمال تخریب زمین در 20872/7092 هکتار (37/97%) از منطقه کم، در 1470/279 هکتار (2/67%) متوسط، در 1844/861 هکتار (3/36%) زیاد، و در 30788/02 هکتار (56/00%) خیلی زیاد بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تصمیم گیری چند معیاره؛ راه حل ایده آل؛ فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی؛ نسبت سازگاری؛ واحدهای کاری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| An Assessment of the Land Degradation Potential Using the TOPSIS Method (Case Study: Rangelands Overlooking the City of Eshtehard, the Province of Alborz) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Amin Salehpour Jam1؛ Hamid Reza Peyrowan2؛ Mahmoud Reza Tabatabaei1؛ Amir Sarreshtehdari3؛ Jamal Mosaffaie1 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Instructor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Land degradation in different climates drastically disturbs natural ecosystems and reduces the biological production potential of the resources. To investigate the role of geological criteria on land degradation in rangelands surrounding Eshtehard, the map of units was prepared by overlaying and crossing maps of slope classes, land uses, and geological formations using the ArcGIS 10.3 software. Three indices of erodibility, salinity and permeability for each unit were considered and classified. The weights of criteria and consistency ratios were calculated by the AHP method. The TOPSIS method was used to prioritize the alternatives. The weighted normalized values, Euclidean distances, and the relative closeness to the ideal solution were calculated and top priority was given to the land degradation potential (DP) of the units. The results indicated that the relative closeness to the ideal solution obtained from the AHP-TOPSIS technique ranged from 0.002 to 0.991. Accordingly, the study area contains four categories of potential or severity of land degradation, namely: 20872.709 ha (37.97%) of the area with low DP, 1470.297 ha (2.67%) of the area with moderate DP, 1844.861 ha (3.36%) of the area with high DP, and 30788.02 ha (56.00%) of the area with high DP. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Analytical hierarchy process, consistency ratio, ideal solution, MCDM, work units | ||
| مراجع | ||
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