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تعیین مناسب ترین راه‌کار مدیریتی برای تعادل بخشیدن به آبخوان دشت ابرکوه با تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 32، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 125، دی 1398، صفحه 34-50 اصل مقاله (1021.04 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2019.123047.1137 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ساناز پورفلاح* 1؛ محمدرضا اختصاصی2؛ حسین ملکی نژاد3؛ فاطمه برزگری4 | ||
| 1فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشگاه یزد | ||
| 2استاد دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد | ||
| 3دانشیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد | ||
| 4استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در چند دههی اخیر منابع آب زیرزمینی در بسیاری از نقاط جهان، بهخصوص مناطق خشک و نیمهخشک با افت شدید روبهرو شده است. در این شرایط، تعیین مهمترین مشکلات و بهترین راه‌کارهای مدیریتی برای حفظ این ذخایر کاری مهم است. هدف این پژوهش شناخت دلایل مؤثر در بی‌تعادلی آبخوان دشت ابرکوه استان یزد است. معیارها و زیرمعیارهای مشکلات منابع آب زیرزمینی و راه‌کارهای مدیریتی آبخوان به‌روش سلسله‌مراتبی طراحی، و ارزش وزنی آنها در نرمافزار اکسپرت چویس تعیین شد. نتیجه‌ها نشان داد که عامل کشاورزی با وزن نسبی 76/00% درمقایسه با صنعت، آب‌آشامیدنی و بهداشتی در ایجاد بی‌تعادلی آبخوان مؤثر است. مهمترین مشکلات این بخش به‌ترتیب کشیدن فراتر از مجاز آب (22/6%)، رقابت در بهرهبرداری از آب کشاورزی (20/10%)، سامانهی آبیاری (14/50%)، الگوی کشت (12/50%)، سطح زیرکشت (20/8%)، کندن چاههای غیرمجاز (6/00%) و توسعهی صنت‌های پرآب‌خواه (4/50%) اولویتبندی کرده شد. با توجه به شناختن مهمترین مشکلات، راه‌کارهای مدیریتی برای مهارکردن بحران مدیریت مصرف آب، اصلاح سامانهی آبیاری و الگوی کشت شناسایی و امتیازدهی شد. برای دستیابی به این راه‌کارها، زیرمعیارهای مدیریتی شامل نصب‌کردن شمارنده‌های حجمی، رویارویی با آب‌کشی غیرمجاز، جداسازی آب آشامیدنی و بهداشتی، توسعهی صنعت‌های کم‌آب‌خواه توصیه میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اولویت بندی؛ تصمیمگیری چندمعیاره؛ دشت ابرکوه؛ مدیریت منابع آب زیرزمینی؛ مدیریت بحران | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determination of the Most Appropriate Management Strategy in Balancinge the Aquifer of the Abarkuh Plain Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Sanaz Pourfallah1؛ Mohammad Reza Ekhtesasi2؛ Hossein Malekinezhad3؛ Fatemeh Barzegari4 | ||
| 1Graduate Student in Watershed Management, Yazd University, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Desertification, Yazd University, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Desertification, Yazd University, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Payame Noor University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Groundwater resources have shrunk noticeably in arid and semi-arid areas in recent decades. Therefore, determination of the most important problems of the aquifers and the best management strategies is important. The purpose of this study is to identify in the causes of the imbalance of groundwater in the Abarkuh Plain aquifer, in the Yazd Province. To attain this, the criteria and sub-criteria of groundwater problems were determined using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in the Expert Choice software. Then, aquifer management strategies were designed using the same process (AHP method). The results indicated that agriculture, with a relative weight of 76.00% compared to industry and domestic water is the most effective consuming sectors in creating the aquifer imbalance. The most important agents in this sector were over-exploitation of the aquifer (22.50%), competition in agricultural water utilization (20.10%), irrigation systems (14.50%), cultivation patterns (12.50%), cultivated land area (8.20%), illegal irrigation wells (6.00%), and the development of high water demand industries (4.50%). Furthermore, the most important solutions for crisis management were irrigation system reform and cultivation pattern correction. To acheive these solutions, management strategies including equipping the wells with the volumetric counters, prevention of illegal pumping, separation of drinking from sanitation water, and development of the low water-consuming industries are suggested. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Abarkuh plain, groundwater resources management, multi-criteria decision making, prioritization, risk management | ||
| مراجع | ||
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