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اولویت بندی مکان‌های مناسب ساخت سد زیرزمینی با استفاده از مدل تصمیم گیری چندمعیاره تاپسیس در آبخیز صادق‌آباد، استان فارس | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 32، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 123، تیر 1398، صفحه 19-30 اصل مقاله (876.44 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2018.122794.1134 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید کشاورز1؛ حمید رضا پورقاسمی* 2؛ سید فخرالدین افضلی3؛ کورش رضایی مقدم4 | ||
| 1کارشناس ارشد، بخش منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| 2دانشیار، بخش منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| 3استادیار، بخش منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| 4دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ساخت سدهای زیرزمینی یکی از راه‌های به‌دست‌آوردن آب در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک و مقابله با بحران خشک‌سالی است. سدهای زیرزمینی سازه‌هایی هستند که در مسیر جریان آب زیرزمینی ساخته شده و باعث بالاآمدن آب و ذخیره‌ی آن در مخزن خود می‌شوند. مهم‌ترین مشکل در ساختن سدها یافتن مکان مناسب است.هدف از پژوهش حاضر، مکان‌یابی و اولویت‌بندی مناطق مناسب ساخت سد زیرزمینی با استفاده از روش تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره‌ی تاپسیس در آبخیز صادق‌آباد استان فارس است. با انجام بازدیدهای صحرایی و درنظر گرفتن عوامل درصد شیب، فاصله از گسل، کاربری زمین و سازند زمین‌شناسی مناطق نامناسب حذف، و نقشه‌ی مناطق توانمند برای ساختن سد زیرزمینی در منطقه تهیه شد. برای اولویت‌بندی مکان‌های مناسب بر اساس نظر کارشناسان و مرور بر منابع علمی، از 9 معیار کمیت آب، طول محور سد، عمق محور سد، ضریب ذخیره‌ی مخزن، حجم مخزن، تکیه‌گاه، شیب، نیاز آبی (آشامیدنی کشاورزی و صنعت) و دست‌رسی (جاده، روستا و منابع قرضه) استفاده شد. بر بر اساس قضاوت کارشناسی و تعریف معیارها و برهم‌نهی نقشه‌های پایه 17 محل اولیه انتخاب شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیش‌ترین وزن در مکان‌یابی سد زیرزمینی کمیت آب و نیاز آبی (به‌ترتیب 0/308 و 0/2048) بود. در مقابل، کم‌ترین وزن در طول محور سد و تکیه‌گاه محور سد (0/0074 و 0/0028) دیده شد. در پایان، اولویت‌های اول تا سوم سه محل پیشنهاد‌شده‌ی سدهای 15، 2 و 14 معرفی شد. با توجه به محدودیت جدی منابع آب زیرزمینی در بخش عمده‌یی از کشور و به‌ویژه استان فارس، استفاده از این روش‌ها برای شناسایی محل‌های مناسب و توسعه‌ی سدهای زیرزمینی سودمند خواهد بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| استان فارس؛ سامانه اطلاعات مکانی؛ تاپسیس؛ سد زیرزمینی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Prioritization of Suitable Sites for Underground Dam Construction Using the TOPSIS Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model in the Sadeghabad Watershed, the Province of Fars | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Saeed Keshavarz1؛ Hamid Reza Porghasemi2؛ Seyed Fakhreddin Afzali3؛ Kurosh Rezaei Moghaddam4 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University | ||
| 4Associate Professor College of Agriculture, Shiraz University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Construction of underground dams (UGDs) is a method of water harvesting in arid and semi-arid regions facing the drought crisis. UGDs are structures constructed in the hidden waterways that can store water in their upstreams. The most important problem in the construction of such dams is finding the right place. The purpose of this research is to locate and prioritize suitable areas for UGDs using the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision making method on the Sadeghabad Watershed, the Province of Fars. By performing field surveys and considering: slope percent, distance from fault, land use, and lithological units inappropriate areas were removed and a map of potential areas for the construction of an underground dam was prepared. According to expert judgement and review of scientific resources, 9 criteria, namely water quantity, dam length and height, reservoir storage coefficient, reservoir volume, abutment, slope, water demands (domestic, agriculture, and industry) and accessibility (road, village, and borrow area) were used to prioritize appropriate locations. Accordingly, 17 initial sites were selected based on expert judgment considering the criteria and overlapping of the base maps. The results indicated that water quantity and water demands with the weights of 0.308 and 0.2048 had the highest rating in priority in locating the underground dam, respectively. In contrast, the length of the axis of the dam and the supporting base of the dam with the weights of 0.019 and 0.023 had the lowest rating in priority. Finally, sites 15, 2, and 14 were given the first to the third priorities. Therefore, due to the serious limitations of groundwater resources in most parts of our country, and particularlyin the Province of Fars, these methods are useful for identification of suitable sites and construction of the UGDs. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| GIS, the Province of Fars, TOPSIS, underground dams | ||
| مراجع | ||
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