| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,087 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,477 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 49,207,072 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 79,676,266 |
کنترل بیولوژیکی پوسیدگی ریزوکتونیایی ریشه چغندرقند در ایران | ||
| چغندرقند | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 35، شماره 1، شهریور 1398، صفحه 63-79 اصل مقاله (922.64 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: کامل علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jsb.2019.101706.1173 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| امیر ارجمندیان* 1؛ سهیلا میرزایی2؛ دوستمراد ظفری3 | ||
| 1مربی پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی. دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. | ||
| 3استاد گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این تحقیق، اثر آنتاگونیستی یازده جدایه متعلق به ده گونه قارچ تریکودرما شاملTrichoderma harzianum، T.atroviride(دو جدایه)،T. viride ، T. orientalis،T. citrinoviride، T.asperellum، T. spirale ، T. crassum،T. psudokoningi و T. ceramicum روی جدایه قارچ AG2-2 Rhizoctonia solani عامل پوسیدگی ریشه چغندرقند، در قالب طرح آماری کاملا تصادفی با یازده تیمار و چهار تکرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج این بررسیها نشان داد تمامی جدایههای قارچ تریکودرما موجب کاهش یا توقف بیمارگر شدند و برترین اثرات آنتاگونیستی در آزمون کشت متقابل در جدایهZ1 T. harzianum مشاهده شد، بطوریکه این جدایه موجب 76/57 درصد بازدارندگی رشد میسیلیومی قارچ بیمارگر گردید. در آزمایشهای گلخانهای اثر چهار جدایه منتخب قارچ تریکودرما بر پوسیدگی ریشه چغندرقند (رقم شیرین) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج این بررسیها نشان داد جدایههای Z1 T. harzianum ، T. atroviride Z2 و T. orientalis Z4 به عنوان جدایههای برتر به ترتیب موجب 71/1، 66/6 و 58/3 درصد کاهش شدت پوسیدگی ریشه گردیدند. در آزمایشهای مزرعهای (1392 تا 1393) در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان، اثر جدایههای برتر منتخب تریکودرما در مقایسه با تیمار قارچکش(کاربوکسین-تیرام) و تیمار شاهد بر درصد بروز و شدت بیماری پوسیدگی ریشه چغندرقند با انجام آلوده سازی مصنوعی بررسی شد. نتایج این بررسیها نشان داد، جدایههای منتخب قارچ تریکودرما از نظر کنترل بیماری با یکدیگر اختلاف معنیدار داشته و جدایهT. harzianum Z1 در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد موجب 66/4 درصد کاهش درصد بروز آلودگی و 56 درصد کاهش شدت بیماری پوسیدگی ریشه شده است. لذا این جدایه به عنوان موثرترین آنتاگونیست درکاهش بیماری پوسیدگی رایزوکتونیایی ریشه چغندرقند شناسایی شد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| بیوکنترل؛ پوسیدگی ریشه؛ تریکودرما؛ چغندرقند؛ قارچ | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Biological control of rhizoctonia root rot in sugar beet in Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Arjmandian1؛ S. Mirzaei2؛ D. Zafari3 | ||
| 1Instructor of Plant Protection Research Department, Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Hamedan, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant professor of Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina university, Hamedan, Iran. | ||
| 3Professor of Department Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina university, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this study, the antagonistic activities of eleven isolates belonging to 10 species of Trichoderma fungi including Trichoderma harzianum, T. atroviride (two isolates), T. viride, T. orientalis, T. citrinoviride, T. asperellum, T. spirale, T. crassum, T. pseudokoningi and T. ceramicum against rhizoctonia solani AG2-2, the causal agent of sugar beet root rot, were evaluated in a completely randomized design with four replications. Results showed that all Trichoderma isolates reduced the growth of pathogen significantly and the highest antagonistic effects were observed in dual culturing test in T. harzianum Z1 isolate, which caused 76.57% inhibition of pathogen mycelial growth. In greenhouse experiments, the efficacy of four selected Trichoderma isolates on sugar beet root rot control in Shirin cultivar was evaluated. Results showed that T. harzianum Z1, T. atroviride Z2, and T. orientalis Z4 caused 71.1, 66.6, and 58.3% decrease in root rot severity, respectively. In field experiments (2013-14) conducted in Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, the effect of selected Trichoderma isolates in comparison with fungal treatment (carboxin-thiram) and control treatment on the occurrence and severity of root rot was evaluated through artificial contamination by Rhizoctonia solani. Results showed that selected Trichoderma isolates were significantly different in terms of disease control and T. harzianum Z1 isolate caused 66.4% reduction in the incidence of infection and 56% reduction in root rot severity compared with control. Therefore, this isolate is considered as the most effective antagonist in decreasing of Rhizoctonia root rot disease of sugar beet root. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Antagonist, Biocontrol, Rhizoctonia solani, Sugar beet, Trichoderma | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abada KA. Fungi causing damping–off and root rot on sugar beet and their biological control with Trichoderma harzianum. Agriculture Ecosystem and Environment. 1995. 51(3):333–337.
Abdollahi m, Ommati f, Zaker m. Efficacy of some native trichoderma isolates in biological control of pythium aphanidermatum, the causal agent of sugar beet root rot under green house condition. Bio Control In Plant Protection. 2013.1(1):41-52.
Anonymous. Cultivation area and yield statistics of sugar beet in the world. Food and Agriculture Organization. 2016. (FAO). URL: http://faostat.fao.org.
Arjmandian A, Ershad J. Identification and distribution area of sugar beet fungal root rot disease in Hamadan provinc. 16th Iranin Plant Protection Congress.Tabriz. 28 Agust-1 September 2004. P.138. (in Persian)
Bazgir A, Okhovat M. Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani, the casual agent of damping-off and seed rot of bean by certain isolates of antagonistic fungi. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science. 1996. 27: 89-98. (in Persian, abstract in English)
Benitez T, Rincon AM, Limon MC, Codon AC. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. International Microbiology. 2004;7:249–260.
Bolton MD, Panella L, Campbell L, Khan MFR. Temperature, moisture, and fungicide effects in managing Rhizoctonia root and crown rot of sugar beet. Phytopathology. 2010.10:689-697.
Buttner G, Pfahler B, Marlander B. Greenhouse and field techniques for testing sugar beet for resistance to Rhizoctonia root and crown rot. Plant Breeding. 2004.123:158-166.
Chet I, Baker R. Inducalion of suppressiveness to Rhizoctonia solani in soil. Phytopathology 1980. 70(10):994-998.
Ciliento R, Woo S, Ambrosino P, Scala V, Ruocco M, Marra R, Lorito M. Targeted disruption of a new endochitinase-encoding gene in Trichoderma atroviride. Journal of Plant Pathology. 2003. 85(4):275-280.
Daguerre Y, Siegel K, Edel-Hermann V, Steinberg C. Fungal proteins and genes associated with biocontrol mechanisms of soil-borne pathogens: a review. Fungal Biological Reviews. 2014. 28:97-125.
Dashwood E, Fox JM. Effect of substrate and plant maturity of the Incidence of infection of potato root by pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi. Mycologieal Research. 1993. 94(6):745.775.
Dennis C, Webster J. Antagonistic properties of species- groups of Trichoderma (I. Production of non-volatile antibiotics). Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 1971a. 57:25-39.
Dennis C, Webster J. Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma (II. Production of volatile antibiotics. Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 1971b. 57(1):41-48.
Gray FA, Gerik JS. Biology and management of Sugar beet disease in the bighorn River Basins of Wyoming. University of Wyoming. Cooprative Extension Service Bulletin. B-1063. 1998. 23pp.
Harman GE, Howell CR, Viterbo A, Chet I, Lorito M. Trichoderma species. opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2004. 2:43-56.
Harman GE. Overview of mechanisms and uses of Trichoderma spp. Phytopathology 2006. 96:190-194.
Harveson RM, Hanson LE, Hein GL. Compendium of beet diseases and pests (2nd edn). St. Paul, MN: The American phytopathological society 2009.
John RP, Tyagi RD, prevost D, Brar SK, Pouler S, Surampalli RY. Mycoparasitic Trichoderma viride as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Adzukiand Pythium arrhenomanes and as a growth promoter of soybean. Crop Protection. 2010 .29:1452-1459.
Kanzaz ML, Badr MM, EL-Zahaby HM, Gouda MI and Taborsky V. Biological control of Seedling Damping-off and root rot of sugar beet plants. Diseases resistance in plant pathology. Proceedings of the 6th conference of Europpean Foundation for plant pathology. Plant Protection Science. 2002. 2:645-647.
Keswani C, Mishra S, Sarma B, Singh S, Singh H. Unraveling the efficient applications of secondary metabolites of various Trichoderma spp. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2014. 98:533-544.
Khodae, M, Hemmati, R. Evaluation of Trichoderma Isolates for Biological Control of Rhizoctonia Root Rot of Bean in Zanjan. Journal of Plant Protection. 2016. 29(4):471-480.
Lewis JA, Papavizas GC. Effect of mycelial Preparations of Trichoderma and Gliocladium on population of Rhizoctionia solani and the incidence of damping-off. Phytopathology. 1985. 75(7):812-817.
Lewis JA, Papavizas GC. Biocontrol of plant diseases: the approach for tomorrow. Crop Protection. 1991. 10:95-105.
Manczinger L, Antal Z, Kredics L. Ecophysiology and breeding of mycoparasitic Trichoderma strains. Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica. 2002. 49(1): 1-14.
Mohammadi S, Mansoori B, Zamanizadeh HR, Heydari A. Antagonistic mechanisms of Trichodermaspp. against Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of chickpea wet root rot disease. Plant Protection Journal. 2009. 1:71- 85. (in Persian, abstract in English)
Monte E. Understanding Trichoderma: between biotechnology and microbial ecology. International Microbiology. 2001. 4:1-4.
Naraghi L, Heydari A, Hesan A, Sharifi K. Evaluation of Talaromyces flavus and Trichoderma harzianum in biological control of sugar beet damping-off disease in the greenhouse and field conditions. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research. 2014. 4(1):65-74.
Nashwa MA, Sallam KA, Abo-Elyousr M, Hassan MAE. Evaluation of Trichoderma species as biocontrol agents for damping-off and wilt diseases of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and efficacy of suggested formula. Phytopathology. 2008. 36: 81-93.
Nazmi Roodsari, F, Zafari D, Khodaparast SA, Rouhani H. New species of Trichoderma for Iran. Rostaniha. 2007. 8:67-83. (in Persian)
Niknejade Kazempour M, Pedramfar H, Elahinia SA. Study on the effect of several fungicides and antagonistic fungi against the causal agent of rice sheath blight, Rhizoctonia solani. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture 2003. 6(4):151-158.
Pandya JR, Sabalpara AN, Chawda SK. Trichoderma: A particular weapon for biological control of phytopathogens. Journal of Agricultural Technology. 2011. 7:1187-1191.
Papavizas GS. Trichoderma and Gliocladium. Biology, ecology and potential for biocontrol. Annual Review of Phytopathology. 1985. 23:23-54.
Parmar, HJ, Bodar, NP, Lakhani, HN, Patel, SV, Umrania, VV, Hassan, MM. Production of lytic enzymes by Trichodermastrains during in vitro antagonism with Sclerotiumrolfsii, the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 2015. 9(6):365-372.
Pedram A, Mahmoodi SB, Khorshid A, Fotoohi K. Evaluation of Resistance to Rhizoctonia Root and Crown Root Diseases in Iranian and Exotic Cultivars. 10th Iranian National Crop Science Congress. Karaj.18-20 Agust 2008. P.426. (in Persian)
Popkova KV, Fedorchenko GL. Sourees of Infection In potato tubers during vegetative growth. Izvestiya timiryazerski sel skohozyaaistvennoi Arademii 1992. 1:62-70.
Rouhani H, Karimi A. Noparast F. Effect of several Trichoderma isolates in biological control of Rhizoctonia solani. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology.1991. 58: 17–25. (in Persian, abstract in English)
Ruppel EG, Baker R, Harmen GE, Hubbard JP. Trichoderma harzianum Rifai aggr. as a biocontrol agent of seedling disases in several crops and Rhizoctonia solani root rot of sugar beet. Crop Protection. 1983. 2:399–408.
Schuster A, Schmoll M. Biology and biotechnology of Trichoderma. Applid. Microbiology and. Biotechnology. 2010. 87:787-799.
Shahiri Tabarestani M, Falahati Rastegar M, Jafarpour B, Rohani H. Investigating the possibility of biological control of sugar beet daming-off by isolates of Trichoderma harzianum. Journal of Sugar Beet. 2005. 21(1):57-75. (in Persian, abstract in English)
Skidmore AM, Dickinson CH. Colony interactions and hyphal interference between Septoria nodorum and phylloplane fungi. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 1976. 66:57– 64.
Smolińska U, Kowalska B, Oskiera M. The effectivity of Trichoderma strains in the protection of cucumber and lettuce against Rhizoctonia solani. Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin. 2007. 67: 81-93.
Sneh B, Burpee L, Ogoshi A. Identification of Rhizoctonia Species. APS Press, Minnesota, USA. 1991. 133PP.
Subash N, Meenakshisundaram M, Sasikumar C. In vitro evaluation of different strains of Trichoderma harzianum as biocontrol agents of chilli. International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences. 2013. 2(2):495-500.
Tripathi P, Singh PC, Mishra A, Puneet S, Chauhan, Dwivedi S, Thakur R, Deo B, Tripathi R. Trichoderma: a potential bioremediator for environmental cleanup. Clean Technologies Environtal Policy. 2013. 15:541-550.
Welles HD. Trichoderma as a biocontrol agent,"In Biocontrol of Plant Disease. 1988.1:71-82. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,130 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 676 |
||