اثر نیتریک اکسید بر فیزیولوژی و متابولیت‌های ثانویه گیاه دارویی ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) در شرایط تنش خشکی

اسماعیل پور, بهروز; فاطمی, حمیده; مرادی, معصومه

doi:10.22092/ijmapr.2019.124983.2482

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	اثر نیتریک اکسید بر فیزیولوژی و متابولیت‌های ثانویه گیاه دارویی ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) در شرایط تنش خشکی
تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران
مقاله 7، دوره 35، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 96، مهر و آبان 1398، صفحه 601-616 اصل مقاله (598.11 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.124983.2482
نویسندگان
بهروز اسماعیل پور ¹؛ حمیده فاطمی²؛ معصومه مرادی³
¹دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
²دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
³دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
چکیده
شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.601.96.4.1575.1610 تنش خشکی به‌عنوان یکی از مهمترین تنش غیرزیستی نقش زیادی در کاهش عملکرد گیاهان دارویی دارد. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر نیتریک اکسید بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) توده بومی شهرری در شرایط تنش خشکی آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد آزمایش شامل تنش خشکی (شاهد (آبیاری کامل) و قطع آبیاری در مرحله ابتدای گلدهی و 50% گلدهی) و محلول‌پاشی نیتریک اکسید به‌صورت سدیم نیتروپروساید در غلظت‌های 0.5، 1 و 2 میلی‌مولار بودند. در تیمار شاهد نیز گیاهان با آب مقطر اسپری برگی شدند. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش شدت تنش خشکی ارتفاع بوته، وزن خشک گیاه، کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b، کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئید و محتوای آب نسبی کاهش معنی‌داری یافت و میزان نشت الکترولیت، محتوای پرولین برگ و درصد اسانس افزایش یافت. محلول‌پاشی با نیتریک اکسید، باعث افزایش رشد گیاه ریحان در شرایط تنش خشکی شد و بیشترین بهبود رشد در اثر محلول‌پاشی غلظت 2 میلی‌مولار از نیتریک اکسید حاصل گردید. با افزایش تنش خشکی و غلظت نیتریک اکسید مقدار ترکیب‌های اسانس افزایش یافت. عمده‌ترین ترکیب‌های اسانس ریحان در این آزمایش شامل متیل کاویکول، لینالول، ژرانیال، ژرانیول، آلفا-پینن، بتا-پینن و میرسن بودند. به‌طور کلی نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی نیتریک اکسید در شرایط تنش خشکی با ایجاد تنظیم اسمزی، جلوگیری از تجزیه کلروفیل و حفظ محتوای آب برگ در بهبود رشد گیاه ریحان مؤثر می‌باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پرولین؛ کلروفیل؛ لینالول؛ متیل کاویکول؛ نشت الکترولیت
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effects of nitric oxide on some morphophysiological and biochemical properties of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under drought stress conditions
نویسندگان [English]
B. Esmaielpour¹؛ H. Fatemi²؛ M. Moradi³
¹Department of Horticultural Sciences, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
²Ph.D. student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
³M.Sc. student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]
Drought stress, as one of the most important abiotic stresses, plays an important role in decreasing the yield of medicinal plants. In order to investigate the effect of nitric oxide on morphophysiological and biochemical characteristics of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), the native population "Shahre-ray", a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design under drought stress conditions with three replications in the research greenhouse of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2017. Experimental factors included drought stress at three levels of complete irrigation (drip irrigation at three-day intervals throughout the growing season) and complete stop of irrigation at early flowering stage (60 days after planting at 10-12 leaf stage) and 50% flowering (75 days after planting at 14-15 leaf stage) and nitric oxide spray with sodium nitroprusside at four concentration levels of zero (leaf spray with distilled water), 0.5, 1, and 2 mM. The foliar application was carried out from the eight-leaf stage of the plant, with intervals of two weeks to four times. Results showed that stopping irrigation at both mentioned growth stages significantly reduced plant height, plant dry weight, chlorophylls a and b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, and relative water content, and significantly increased electrolyte leakage rate, leaf proline content, and essential oil percentage. Foliar application of 2 mM nitric oxide significantly increased plant growth under irrigation interruption, especially at 50% flowering. Increasing the concentration of nitric oxide produced the highest essential oil percentage (1.4%) at the early flowering stage under irrigation interruption conditions and significantly increased the content of essential oil components including methyl chavicol, linalool, geranial, geraniol, α-pinene, β-pinene, and myrcene. In general, the results showed that foliar application of nitric oxide at 50% flowering stage under irrigation interruption improved the growth of basil and increased the percentage and components of essential oil via osmotic adjustment, preventing chlorophyll degradation and maintenance of leaf water content.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Proline, chlorophyll, linalool, methyl-chavicol, electrolyte leakage


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اثر نیتریک اکسید بر فیزیولوژی و متابولیت‌های ثانویه گیاه دارویی ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) در شرایط تنش خشکی