| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,998 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,576 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,209,767 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,562,741 |
تأثیر تیمارهای متفاوت کلسیم کلراید بر بیان ژن‌های فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز (PAL) و 4-کومارات کوآ لیگاز (4Cl) در گیاه Melissa officinalis L. | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 35، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 95، مرداد و شهریور 1398، صفحه 381-395 اصل مقاله (461.75 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.122878.2376 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صبا پیرطریقت1؛ مریم قنادنیا* 2 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.381.95.3.1578.46 بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis L.) از خانواده نعنا به‌عنوان یک گیاه دارویی مهم شناخته شده و از زمان‌های قدیم مورد استفاده مردم بوده است. مطالعه مسیرهای بیوسنتزی ترکیب‌های دارویی گیاه برای شناسایی مواد تأثیرگذار بر این مسیرها به‌منظور تغییر در کمّیت یا کیفیت تولید ترکیب‌های آنها اهمیت ویژه‌ای دارد. مسیر متابولیکی فنیل پروپانوئید شامل مسیرهای پیچیده‌ای از واکنش‌های بیوشیمیایی است که مجموعه‌ای از متابولیت‌های ثانویه گیاهی مثل فلاونوئیدها، ایزوفلاونوئیدها، لیگنین‌ها، آنتوسیانین‌ها و غیره را سنتز می‌کنند. فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز و 4-کومارات کوآ لیگاز دو آنزیم اصلی مسیر فنیل پروپانوئید می‌باشند که در بیوسنتز ترکیب‌های فنولی گیاهان نقش اساسی دارند. با توجه به اینکه بخشی از پاسخ به تنش و تغییرات محیطی در گیاهان شامل تغییر در بیان ژن‌های خاصی می‌شود، در این مطالعه بیان ژن‌های این دو آنزیم در گیاه بادرنجبویه رشد کرده در شرایط درون شیشه‌ای تحت تیمار کلسیم کلراید به روش Real Time PCR بررسی شده و همچنین پروتئین کل استخراج شده و به‌صورت کمّی اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش و کاهش کلسیم کلراید به میزان mg/L 880 و 220 باعث کاهش بیان ژن فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز و افزایش بیان ژن 4-کومارات کوآ لیگاز شده و همچنین میزان پروتئین کل گیاه به میزان g/L 585 و 595 به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای mg/L 880 و 220 کاهش یافت. همچنین براساس نتایج طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز مشخص شد که در تیمارها نسبت به شاهد برخی ترکیب‌های فنلی، کربوهیدرات‌ها، لیپیدها و پروتئین‌ها کاهش یافته است. این نتایج تأثیر یون کلسیم را در تنظیم بیان برخی ژن‌ها و تولید متابولیت‌های آنها نشان می‌دهد. بنابراین کلسیم در برخی از انواع فعل‌وانفعالات گیاهی و سنتز متابولیت‌های آنها نقش داشته و با تغییر مقدار آن می‌توان به میزان کنترل شده از ترکیب‌های گیاهی به‌منظور اهداف خاص استفاده کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis L.)؛ بیان ژن؛ پروتئین کل؛ طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز؛ فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز؛ 4-کومارات کوآ لیگاز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of calcium chloride on the expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) genes in Melissa officinalis L. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Pirtarighat1؛ M. Ghannadnia2 | ||
| 1Department of Biotechnology, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Melissa officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) has been used as an important medicinal herb since ancient times. The study of the biosynthetic pathways of the plant medicinal metabolites is of particular importance in identifying the materials affecting these pathways in order to change the quantity or quality of the medicinal metabolites. The metabolic pathway of phenylpropanoid includes sophisticated pathways of biochemical reactions that synthesize a set of secondary plant metabolites such as flavonoids, isoflavonoids, lignins, anthocyanins, etc. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) are two main enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway, playing a fundamental role in the biosynthesis of plant phenolic compounds. Regarding the fact that stress and environmental changes lead to changes in the expression of certain genes in plants, in this study, the gene expression of two PAL and 4CL enzymes was investigated using Real-Time PCR technique in Melissa officinalis L. grown under in vitro conditions treated by calcium chloride. Moreover, the total protein was extracted and quantitatively measured. The results showed that increasing and decreasing calcium chloride by 880 and 220 (mg l-1) caused reduced PAL gene expression and increased 4CL gene expression, respectively. Also, the total plant protein content decreased by 585 and 595 (g l-1) in 880 and 220 (mg l-1) of calcium chloride treatment, respectively. According to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, it was found that some phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins decreased in calcium chloride treatment than the control group. These results show the effect of calcium ion on the regulation of some genes expression and the production of their metabolites. Therefore, by changing the amount of calcium, the controlled amount of plant compounds could be achieved for specific purposes. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Melissa officinalis L, gene expression, total protein, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 4-coumarate CoA ligase | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Bangerth, F., 1979. Calcium-related physiological disorders of plants. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 17(1): 97-122. - Bevan, M., Shufflebottom, D., Edwards, K., Jefferson, R. and Schuch, W., 1989. Tissue‐and cell‐specific activity of a phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase promoter in transgenic plants. The EMBO Journal, 8(7): 1899-1906. - Blumenthal, M., Goldberg, A. and Brinckmann, J., 2000. Herbal Medicine. Expanded Commission E monographs: Integrative Medicine Communications. Newton, 519p. - Darout, I.A., Christy, A.A., Skaug, N. and Egeberg, P., 2000. Identification and quantification of some potentially antimicrobial anionic components in miswak extract. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 32(1): 11-14. - Di, P., Hu, Y., Xuan, H., Xiao, Y., Chen, J., Zhang, L. and Chen, W., 2012. Characterization and the expression profile of 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (Ii4CL) from hairy roots of Isatis indigotica. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 6(28): 2166-2175. - Edel, K.H., Marchadier, E., Brownlee, C., Kudla, J. and Hetherington, A.M., 2017. The evolution of calcium-based signalling in plants. Current Biology, 27(13): 667-679. - Frederick, R.D. and Snyder, C.L., 2001. Real-time fluorescent PCR detection of fungal plant pathogens using the Smart Cycler. Phytopathology, 91: S29. - Fukutoku, Y. and Yamada, Y., 1981. Sources of Proline-nitrogen in water-stressed soybean (Glycine max L.) I. Protein metabolism and proline accumulation. Plant and Cell Physiology, 22(8): 1387-1404. - Ghannadnia, M., Zarinkamar, F., Haddad, R. and Sharifi, M., 2011. Effect of different concentration of manganese on essence components, limonene synthase gene expression and some cell organelles ultrastructure in generation stage of Cuminum cyminum L. Ph.D in Biology. Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran. - Gul, B. and Khan, M.A., 2008. Role of calcium in alleviating salinity effects in coastal halophytes: 107-114. In: Khan, M.A. and Weber, D.J., (Eds.). Ecophysiology of High Salinity Tolerant Plants, Springer, 404p. - Hahlbrock, K. and Scheel, D., 1989. Physiology and molecular biology of phenylpropanoid metabolism. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 40(1): 347-369. - Hauffe, K.D., Paszkowski, U., Schulze-Lefert, P., Hahlbrock, K., Dangl, J.L. and Douglas, C.J., 1991. A parsley 4CL-1 promoter fragment specifies complex expression patterns in transgenic tobacco. The Plant Cell, 3(5): 435-443. - Hepler, P.K., 2005. Calcium: a central regulator of plant growth and development. The Plant Cell, 17(8): 2142-2155. - Hoang, T.M., Moghaddam, L., Williams, B., Khanna, H., Dale, J. and Mundree, S.G., 2015. Development of salinity tolerance in rice by constitutive-overexpression of genes involved in the regulation of programmed cell death. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6: 175. - Hwang, K.S., Kim, H.U., Charusanti, P., Palsson, B.Ø. and Lee, S.Y., 2014. Systems biology and biotechnology of Streptomyces species for the production of secondary metabolites. Biotechnology Advances, 32(2): 255-268. - Hyodo, H., Kuroda, H. and Yang, S.F., 1978. Induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and increase in phenolics in lettuce leaves in relation to the development of russet spotting caused by ethylene. Plant Physiology, 62(1): 31-35. - Janina, M., 2003. Melissa officinalis. International Journal of Aromatherapy, 10: 132-139. - Javanmardi, J., Khalighi, A., Kashi, A., Bais, H. and Vivanco, J., 2002. Chemical characterization of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) found in local accessions and used in traditional medicines in Iran. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(21): 5878-5883. - Ke, D. and Saltveit Jr, M.E., 1986. Spotting and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in iceberg lettuce. HortScience, 21(5): 1169-1171. - Kim, M.C., Chung, W.S., Yun, D.J. and Cho, M.J., 2009. Calcium and calmodulin-mediated regulation of gene expression in plants. Molecular Plant, 2(1): 13-21. - Lamb, C.J., Lawton, M.A., Dron, M. and Dixon, R.A., 1989. Signals and transduction mechanisms for activation of plant defenses against microbial attack. Cell, 56(2): 215-224. - Lee, D., Ellard, M., Wanner, L.A., Davis, K.R. and Douglas, C.J., 1995. The Arabidopsis thaliana 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) gene: stress and developmentally regulated expression and nucleotide sequence of its cDNA. Plant Molecular Biology, 28(5): 871-884. - Liang, X., Dron, M., Schmid, J., Dixon, R.A. and Lamb, C.J., 1989. Developmental and environmental regulation of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase-beta-glucuronidase gene fusion in transgenic tobacco plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 86(23): 9284-9288. - Lois, R., Dietrich, A., Hahlbrock, K. and Schulz, W., 1989. A phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase gene from parsley: structure, regulation and identification of elicitor and light responsive cis‐acting elements. The EMBO Journal, 8(6): 1641-1648. - Lois, R. and Hahlbrock, K., 1992. Differential wound activation of members of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and 4-coumarate: CoA ligase gene families in various organs of parsley plants. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 47(1-2): 90-94. - Lorkowski, S. and Cullen, P.M., 2006. Analysing Gene Expression: A Handbook of Methods, Possibilities, and Pitfalls: John Wiley & Sons, 950p. - Moradkhani, H., Sargsyan, E., Bibak, H., Naseri, B., Sadat-Hosseini, M., Fayazi-Barjin, A. and Meftahizade, H., 2010. Melissa officinalis L., a valuable medicine plant: A. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(25): 2753-2759. - Mundree, S.G., Baker, B., Mowla, S., Peters, S., Marais, S., Vander Willigen, C., Govender, K., Maredza, A., Muyanga, S. and Farrant, J.M., 2002. Physiological and molecular insights into drought tolerance. African Journal of Biotechnology, 1(2): 28-38. - Nasseri Khollari, S., Heydari, M., Jafari, S. and Daneshvar, M., 2016. Effects of calcium nitrate on nitrate reductase activity, amino acids, nitrate and ion accumulation of Pistacia vera L., Badami Zarand, under sodium chloride stress. The Plant Production (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 38(4): 35-48. - Neumann, K., Kumar, A, and Imani, J., 2009. Plant cell and tissue culture-a tool in biotechnology, principles and practice: Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. 333p. - Ohl, S., Hedrick, S.A., Chory, J. and Lamb, C.J., 1990. Functional properties of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase promoter from Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell, 2(9): 837-848. - Oliveira, H., Barros, A.S., Delgadillo, I., Coimbra, M.A. and Santos, C., 2009. Effects of fungus inoculation and salt stress on physiology and biochemistry of in vitro grapevines: emphasis on sugar composition changes by FT-IR analyses. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 65(1): 1-10. - Oves, M., Aslam, M., Rauf, M.A., Qayyum, S., Qari, H.A., Khan, M.S., Alam, M.Z., Tabrez, S., Pugazhendhi, A. and Ismail, I.M., 2018. Antimicrobial and anticancer activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized from the root hair extract of Phoenix dactylifera. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 89: 429-443. - Pavia, D.L., Lampman, G.M., Kriz, G.S. and Vyvyan, J.A., 2008. Introduction to Spectroscopy: Cengage Learning. 752p. -Pirtarighat, S., Ghannadnia, M. and Baghshahi, S., 2017. Antimicrobial effects of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Melissa officinalis grown under in vitro condition. Nanomedicine Journal, 4(3): 184-190. - Roura, S., Pereyra, L. and Del Valle, C., 2008. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in fresh cut lettuce subjected to the combined action of heat mild shocks and chemical additives. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 41(5): 919-924. - Rus, A., Yokoi, S., Sharkhuu, A., Reddy, M., Lee, B.H., Matsumoto, T.K., Koiwa, H., Zhu, J.K., Bressan, R.A. and Hasegawa, P.M., 2001. AtHKT1 is a salt tolerance determinant that controls Na+ entry into plant roots. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(24): 14150-14155. - Samadi, S., Ghasemnejhad, A. and Alizadeh, M., 2015. Investigation on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) affected by methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid in in-vitro conditions. Journal of Plant Production, 21(4): 135-148. - Scavroni, J., Ferreira, L.C., Ferrarese, M.L.L., Ono, E.O. and Rodrigues, J.D., 2018. Ethephon and calcium chloride, a combination that improves skin color of ‘Rubi’table grape. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 40(1): 1-10. - Schmelzer, E., Kruger-Lebus, S. and Hahlbrock, K., 1989. Temporal and spatial patterns of gene expression around sites of attempted fungal infection in parsley leaves. The Plant Cell, 1(10): 993-1001. - Singh, K., Kumar, S., Rani, A., Gulati, A. and Ahuja, P.S., 2009. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) and catechins (flavan-3-ols) accumulation in tea. Functional and Integrative Genomics, 9(1): 125-134. - Smith, A., Johnson, H. and Hall, M., 2003. Metabolic fingerprinting of salt-stressed tomatoes. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, 1: 153-163. - Stehfest, K., Boese, M., Kerns, G., Piry, A. and Wilhelm, C., 2004. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a new tool to determine rosmarinic acid in situ. Journal of Plant Physiology, 161(2): 151-156. - Stehfest, K., Toepel, J. and Wilhelm, C., 2005. The application of micro-FTIR spectroscopy to analyze nutrient stress-related changes in biomass composition of phytoplankton algae. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 43(7): 717-726. - Wang, J.W. and Wu, J.Y., 2010. Tanshinone biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza and production in plant tissue cultures. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 88(2): 437-449. - Williams, R., 1976. Calcium chemistry and its relation to biological function. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology. London, Cambridge University Press. 30: 1-17. - Wu, S.C. and Hahlbrock, K., 1992. In situ localization of phenylpropanoid-related gene expression in different tissues of light-and dark-grown parsley seedlings. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 47(7-8): 591-600. - Zhang, X. and Liu, C.J., 2015. Multifaceted regulations of gateway enzyme phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids. Molecular Plant, 8(1): 17-27. - Ziaei, M., Sharifi, M., Behmanesh, M. and Razavi, K., 2012. Gene expression and activity of phenyl alanine amonialyase and essential oil composition of Ocimum basilicum L. at different growth stages. Iranian Journal of Biotechnology, 10(1): 32-39. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 734 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 468 |
||