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فرمانتاسیون جامد و ماندگاری Pochonia chlamydosporia var. chlamydosporia و Purpureocillium lilacinum روی بسترهای آلی | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 6، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 12، اسفند 1397، صفحه 1-14 اصل مقاله (232.88 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2019.119398 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| راحله سادات شیرازی1؛ صدیقه فاطمی* 2؛ شهرام نعیمی2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع‌غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| قارچ‌هایvar. chlamydosporia Pochonia chlamydosporia و Purpureocillium lilacinumاز عوامل کنترل بیولوژیک مهم نماتدهای گره ریشه و سیست نماتدها هستند. هر دو قارچ اولین بار از نماتد سیست چغندر قند از خراسان جدا سازی شدند و کارآیی امیدوار کننده‌ای روی کنترل نماتدهای Heterodera schachtii،Globodera rostochiensis و Meloidogyne spp. نشان داده‌اند. در این مطالعه میزان اسپورزایی و ماندگاری قارچ ها روی بسترهای جامد طی دو ماه بررسی شد. قارچ‌ها روی بسترهای غلات شامل بذر گندم، بذر جو، سبوس گندم، سبوس برنج و پوسته شلتوک کشت داده شدند و اسپور دهی و پایداری آن‌ها در شرایط دمای اتاق و یخچال ارزیابی شد. بسته به نوع بستر، زمان نگهداری و دما و نیز میزان اسپوردهی قارچ‌ها متفاوت بود. P. chlamydosporia روی بذرگندم، بذر جو، سبوس گندم و سبوس برنج پس از 30 روز و روی پوسته شلتوک پس از دو ماه اسپوردهی نمود. P. lilacinumهمه بسترها را پس از 30 روز کلونیزه کرد و روی بذر جو و پوسته شلتوک برنج بیشترین اسپورزایی را داشت. ماندگاری P. chlamydosporia و P. lilacinum پس از 60 روز نگهداری در 25 درجه سلسیوس مقداری کاهش نشان داد، ولی در دمای10 درجه سلسیوس تغییر معنی‌داری نیافت. بالاترین جمعیت پوکونیا روی سبوس‌های گندم و برنج به میزان 108 × 5/1 و روی بقیه بسترها 107 × 7 اسپور در هر گرم بستر و برای پورپوریوسیلیوم روی سبوس گندم و جو به ترتیب 108 × 7/2 و 108 × 5/1 اسپور در هر گرم پس از 60 روز بود. کلامیدوسپورها مرحله استراحتی پوکونیا و یکی از رایج ترین منابع تلقیح در خاک هستند. پوکونیا روی جو جمعیتی معادل 105 × 1/1 و روی سبوس برنج و گندم معادل 103 × 5 کلامیدوسپور تولید نمود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| زنده‌مانی؛ بسترهای کشت؛ تولید انبوه؛ غلات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Solid-state fermentation and viability of Pochonia chlamydosporia and Purpureocillium lilacinum on some organic substrates | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Rahele Sadat Shirazi1؛ Seddigheh Fatemy2؛ Shahram Naeimi2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science & Research Branch of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extention Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Pochonia chlamydosporia and Purpureocillium lilacinum are important biocontrol agents of root-knot and cyst nematodes. Both fungi were first reported from sugar beet cyst nematode from Khorasan province and have shown promising potential as biocontrol agents of Heterodera schachtii, Globodera rostochiensis and Meloidogyne spp. In this study, sporulation and shelf life of fungi were evaluated on solid substrates for 2 months. The fungi were grown on cereals, their spore production and stability at 10 °C and 25 °C were evaluated. Based on media, storage duration and temperature regime, spore production of fungi differed. Pochonia produced spores on wheat grain, barley grain, wheat and rice bran after 30 days, and on rice husk after 60 days. P. lilacinum colonizedall the substrates and yield of spore was highest on barley grain and rice husk. Viability of both fungi was slightly decreased after 60 days storage at 25 ºC, but at 10 ºC with some discrepancy did not change significantly. After 60 days, Pochonia produced average 1.5 × 108 and 7 × 107 spores / g of wheat and rice bran, and other cereals, respectively. Meanwhile, P. lilacinum produced 2.7 × 108 and 1.5 × 108 spores /g wheat and barley bran, respectively. Chlamydospores are resting spores of P. chlamydosporia var. chlamydosporia and one of the most common sources of inoculation in soil. On barley 1.1× 105 and on wheat and rice bran average 5 × 103 chlamydospores were produced. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| cereals, culture substrates, mass production, storage | ||
| مراجع | ||
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