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ارزیابی شدت و دامنه وقوع بیابانزایی در سطح کشور با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره Landsat و تکنیک‌های تحلیل اختلاط طیفی در فاصله سال‌های 1363 الی 1394 | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 21، دوره 26، شماره 2، تیر 1398، صفحه 500-515 اصل مقاله (1.3 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.119369 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نعمت اله کریمی* 1؛ سودابه نامداری2 | ||
| 1استادیار، پژوهشکده منابع آب، مؤسسه تحقیقات آب، وزارت نیرو، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2دکتری، اقلیم شناسی ماهواره‌ای، سازمان جنگل‌ها، مراتع و آبخیزداری کشور، دفتر امور بیابان، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در تحقیق حاضر شدت و دامنه بیابانزایی ایران در دوره مطالعاتی 1394-1363 با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره Landsat و با قدرت تفکیک مکانی 30 متر مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جهت استخراج نقشه بیابانزایی کشور از تکنیک‌های نوین سنجش از دوری تحت عنوان تحلیل اختلاف طیفی استفاده گردید. تحلیل اختلاف طیفی روشی است برای برآورد سهم پوشش‌های مختلف زمینی در هر پیکسل تصویر ماهواره‌ای مختلط که از چند نوع پوشش زمینی تشکیل شده است. بدین منظور تغییرات پوشش‌های گیاهی، خاکی، آبی و شوره‌زارهای کل کشور مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده در حدود 227 هزار کیلومتر مربع از اراضی کشور در طول 32 سال گذشته دچار پدیده بیابانزایی با شدت کم شده است. این در حالی است که سطح مناطقی که تحت تاثیر بیابانزایی با شدت زیاد قرار گرفته‌اند، در حدود 33 هزار کیلومتر مربع و پهنه‌های آبی خشک شده در حدود 5 هزار کیلومتر مربع بوده است. این موضوع نشان دهنده وقوع بیابانزایی با شدت‌های مختلف در 6/15 درصد از مساحت کشور است که سهم استان‌های جنوب غربی (شامل استان‌های ایلام، کرمانشاه، لرستان و خوزستان) و جنوبی (شامل استان‌های بوشهر، فارس و هرمزگان) بسیار بیشتر از سایر استان‌های کشور بوده است. این در حالی است که در استان‌های شرقی و جنوب شرقی کشور به دلیل غالب بودن اقلیم بیابانی و نیمه‌بیابانی، کمترین شدت بیابانزایی مشاهده گردید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بیابانزایی؛ تصاویر Landsat؛ تحلیل اختلاط طیفی؛ تحلیل برداری تغییرات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Estimation of severity and extent of desertification in Iran using Landsat satellite images and spectral mixture analyses methods between 1984 and 2015 | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Nematollah karimi1؛ Soudabeh Namdari2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Department of Water Resources Research, Water Research Institute, Ministry of Energy, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Ph.D. in Satellite Meteorology, Desert Affairs Bureau, Forest, Range and Watershed Management Organization, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In the present study, the severity and extent of desertification in Iran was evaluated using Landsat satellite images with spatial resolution of 30 m during 1984 and 2015. In this regard, new remote sensing techniques (spectral mixture analysis methods) were used. Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) is a technique for estimating the proportion of each pixel that is covered by a series of known cover types in mixed pixels. In this regard, changes in vegetation, soil, water, and salt marshes of the entire country were studied. Results showed that about 227000 km2 of Iran included dsertification with low intensity over the past 32 years. In addition, the areas most affected by the desertification and dried water bodies were about 33000 and 5000 km2, respectively. This indicates the occurrence of desertification with varying intensities in 15.6% of the country. Results showed that the contribution of southwest provinces (Ilam, Kermanshah, Lorestan and Khozestan) and southern provinces (Boushehr, Fars and Hormozgan provinces) were much more than other provinces.However, in the eastern and southeastern provinces of the country, due to the dominance of desert and semi-desert climate, the lowest desertification intensity was observed. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Desertification, Landsat Images, Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA), Change Vector Analysis (CVA) | ||
| مراجع | ||
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