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مقایسه نقش خزه، سیانوباکتری و بوته درمنه در حفظ رطوبت و تعدیل درجه‌حرارت خاک | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 19، دوره 26، شماره 2، تیر 1398، صفحه 474-486 اصل مقاله (1.11 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.119367 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نگار احمدیان1؛ مهدی عابدی* 2؛ محمد سهرابی3 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مرتع‌داری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت‌مدرس، نور، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه مرتع‌داری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت‌مدرس، نور، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در مراتع استپی پارک ملی گلستان، انواعی از گیاهان بوته‌ای مانند درمنه به‌صورت پراکنده حضور دارند و سطوح خاکی بین این گیاهان توسط پوسته‌های زیستی (شامل: خزه و سیانوباکتری) پوشیده شده است. این پوسته‌ها به‌عنوان یک عامل حیاتی در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک شناخته می‌شوند. اثرات آن‌ها بر رطوبت و درجه‌حرارت خاک که نقش بسیار مهمی را در فرآیندهای اکولوژیک و هیدرولوژیک ایفا می‌کند هنوز به‌خوبی شناخته نشده است. به منظور آگاهی بیشتر از این موضوع، تأثیر خزه و سیانوباکتری بر رطوبت و درجه‌حرارت خاک و تأثیر بوته درمنه بر رطوبت خاک مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. رطوبت خاک در چهار بازه‌ی زمانی اول زمستان، آخر زمستان، بهار و تابستان با استفاده از دستگاه رطوبت‌سنج اندازه‌گیری و درجه‌حرارت خاک در سه فصل مختلف آخر زمستان، بهار و تابستان با استفاده از دماسنج تکمه‌ای به مدت 117 روز با فواصل زمانی دو ساعته ثبت شد. مهم‌ترین عامل تأثیرگذار بر رطوبت و هم‌چنین درجه‌حرارت خاک، فصل بود که با استفاده از مدل خطی ترکیبی عمومی مشخص گردید. براساس نتایج بدست آمده، توانایی حفظ رطوبت سیانوباکتری بیشتر از دو تیمار خزه و بوته درمنه و هم‌چنین نوسان دمای روزانه خاک زیر سیانوباکتری (3/4 – 35 درجه سانتی‌گراد) بیشتر از خزه (25/4 - 26 درجه سانتی‌گراد) می‌باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| خزه؛ سیانوباکتری؛ رطوبت؛ درجه‌حرارت؛ پوسته زیستی خاک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparison of Moss, Cyanobacteria and Artemisia shrub in soil moisture conservations and soil temperature modifications | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Negar Ahmadian1؛ Mehdi Abedi2؛ Mohammad Sohrabi3 | ||
| 1Former M.Sc. Student of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In Golestan National Park Steppe Rangelands, a variety of shrub plants such as Artemisia are sporadic, and terrestrial surfaces between these plants are covered by biological soil crusts (including moss and cyanobacteria). These crusts are known as a critical factor in arid and semi-arid areas. The effects of them on the moisture and temperature of soil, which play a very important role in ecological and hydrological processes, are still not well-known. In order to know more about this, the effects of moss and cyanobacteria on moisture and temperature regimes and the effect of Artemisia shrub on moisture regimes were investigated. The soil moisture content was measured at four times: first winter, last winter, spring, and summer using a moisture meter (TDR), and soil temperature was recorded in three different seasons: last winter, spring ,and summer using a thermometer for 117 days with two-hour intervals. The most important factor affecting soil moisture and soil temperature was the season, which was determined using a general linear mixed model. Based on the results, the ability to maintain the cyanobacteria moisture content is higher than that of moss and Artemisia shrubs treatments, as well as the daily fluctuation of soil temperature under cyanobacteria (4/3 °- 35 ° C), more than moss (4/25 ° -26 ° C). | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Moss, Cyanobacteria, Moisture, Temperature, Biological Soil Crust | ||
| مراجع | ||
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