گروه زراعت، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران
چکیده
این تحقیق بهصورت طرح اسپلیت پلات (کرت-های یکبار خرد شده) در قالب بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. عامل اصلی تراکم بوته در چهار سطح: 100 بوته در متر مربع (1010 سانتیمتر)، 25 بوته در متر مربع (2020 سانتیمتر)، 16 بوته در متر مربع (2525 سانتیمتر) و 11 بوته در متر مربع (3030 سانتیمتر) و عامل فرعی مقدار نیتروژن در چهار سطح، صفر، 40، 80، 120 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که تعداد پنجه بارور در متر مربع، تعداد دانه در پانیکول، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیکی و شاخص برداشت تحت تأثیر تراکم بوته، سطوح کود نیتروژن و برهمکُنش معنیدار تراکم بوته و سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن قرار گرفت. بیشترین شاخص سطح برگ و سرعت رشد محصول برنج در تیمار 100 بوته در متر مربع (فاصله کاشت 1010 سانتیمتر) مشاهده شد. شاخص سطح برگ و سرعت رشد محصول، برنج در تیمارهـای مقادیر بالای نیتروژن نسبت به تیمارهای نیتروژن پایین بیشتر بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار 25 بوته در متر مربع (فاصله کاشت 2020 سانتیمتر) و مصرف 80 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن با 6833 کیلوگرم و کمترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار 11 بوته در متر مربع (با فاصله کاشت 3030 سانتیمتر) و عدم استفاده از کود نیتروژن به میزان 4780 کیلوگرم در هکتار بهدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که مصرف کود نیتروژن 80 کیلوگرم در هکتار در مقایسه با عدم مصرف کود نیتروژن به میزان 43 درصد عملکرد دانه را افزایش داد.
The effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield and yield component and some physiological indices of rice cv. Tarom Hashemi in Roudsar
نویسندگان [English]
Majid Ashouri
Department of Agriculture, Lahijan branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
چکیده [English]
In order to investigation of the effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield and yield component of Hashemi rice, an experiment has been performed in Rudsar city (Gishakjan) in 2016. This study performed as split plot in complete randomized block design with three replication. Plant densities were as main factor in four levels of 100 plant in m2 (1010 cm), 25 plant in m2 (2020 cm), 16 plant in m2 (2525 cm), 11 plant (3030 cm) and nitrogen levels were sub factor were in four levels 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg/ha. The results of variances analysis indicated that fertile tiller number in m2, grain number in panicle, grain yield, biologic yield and harvest index was in effect of plant density, nitrogen fertilizer levels and significant interaction of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer levels. The highest LAI and CGR were in treatments of 100 plant in m2 (1010 cm). LAI and CGR in treatments with higher nitrogen level were more than treatments with lower levels.The most grain yield observed in treatment of 25 plant in m2 (plant distance 20 × 20 cm) and consuming 80 kg/ ha with 6833 kg and the least grain yield was in treatment of 11 plant in m2 (plant distance 30 × 30 cm) and no consuming of nitrogen fertilizer with 4780 kg/ha. The results showed that consuming of 80 kg/ ha nitrogen fertilizer had increased 43 % the grain yield rather than no consuming nitrogen fertilizer. Inspite of consuming more Seedling in density of 100 plant in m2 (plant density 10 × 10 cm) the grain yield was reduced by the reason of competition among plants. In order to investigation of the effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield and yield component of Hashemi rice, an experiment has been performed in Rudsar city (Gishakjan) in 2016. This study performed as split plot in complete randomized block design with three replication. Plant densities were as main factor in four levels of 100 plant in m2 (1010 cm), 25 plant in m2 (2020 cm), 16 plant in m2 (2525 cm), 11 plant (3030 cm) and nitrogen levels were sub factor were in four levels 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg/ha. The results of variances analysis indicated that fertile tiller number in m2, grain number in panicle, grain yield, biologic yield and harvest index was in effect of plant density, nitrogen fertilizer levels and significant interaction of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer levels. The highest LAI and CGR were in treatments of 100 plant in m2 (1010 cm). LAI and CGR in treatments with higher nitrogen level were more than treatments with lower levels.The most grain yield observed in treatment of 25 plant in m2 (plant distance 20 × 20 cm) and consuming 80 kg/ ha with 6833 kg and the least grain yield was in treatment of 11 plant in m2 (plant distance 30 × 30 cm) and no consuming of nitrogen fertilizer with 4780 kg/ha. The results showed that consuming of 80 kg/ ha nitrogen fertilizer had increased 43 % the grain yield rather than no consuming nitrogen fertilizer. Inspite of consuming more Seedling in density of 100 plant in m2 (plant density 10 × 10 cm) the grain yield was reduced by the reason of competition among plants.