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اثر تراکم و جیبرلین بر برخی صفات مرفولوژیک، فیزیولوژیک و محتوای اسانس در گیاه دارویی گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 34، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 92، بهمن و اسفند 1397، صفحه 888-908 اصل مقاله (319.21 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.121029.2279 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| پویا آروین* 1؛ رعنا فیروزه2 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2دکترا، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور مطالعه تراکم گیاهی در چهار سطح (20، 30، 40 و 50 بوته در متر‌مربع) و تأثیر محلول‌پاشی جیبرلین در دو سطح (صفر و 100 میکرو‌گرم در لیتر) بر روی تعدادی از صفات فیزیولوژیک و مرفولوژیک گیاه دارویی گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.) آزمایشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه پیام نور بجنورد به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1395 انجام شد. برهم‌کنش تراکم 20 بوته و جیبرلین بالاترین مقدار عددی درصد ماده خشک گیاه، تعداد شاخه جانبی و تعداد برگ را نشان داد. تراکم 20 بوته با 220.79 (mg g-1 F.W) بیشترین مقدار قند را کسب کرد و کاربرد جیبرلین باعث افزایش 12.7 درصدی محتوای قند نسبت به نمونه شاهد شد. با افزایش تراکم، محتوای کلروفیل a، b و کاروتنوئید کاهش یافت. اثر متقابل تراکم 20 بوته به همراه جیبرلین با 72.11 (mg g-1 F.W) بیشترین و تراکم 50 بوته در عدم کاربرد جیبرلین با 60.7 (mg g-1 F.W) کمترین مقدار کلروفیل a را نشان داد. عملکرد دانه با 686.22 کیلوگرم در هکتار و درصد اسانس با 0.327% در کاربرد جیبرلین بیشترین مقدار را نسبت به نمونه شاهد کسب کردند. در تراکم 20 بوته بیشترین تعداد چتر مرکب و در تراکم 30 بوته بیشترین مقدار دانه در چتر مرکب بدست آمد، ولی وزن هزار‌دانه، عملکرد نهایی، عملکرد اسانس و درصد اسانس در تراکم 50 بوته بیشترین مقدار بود. به‌طور کلی در تراکم‌های بیشتر، به نظر می‌رسد عملکرد نهایی به‌دلیل افزایش تعداد بوته در واحد سطح افزایش یابد ولی اجزای عملکردی کاهش می‌یابد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی؛ محتوی قند؛ هورمون گیاهی؛ اجزاء عملکرد؛ عملکرد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study of plant density and gibberellin on some morphological and physiological traits and essential oil content of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| P. Arvin1؛ R. Firouzeh2 | ||
| 1Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of plant densities (20, 30, 40, and 50 plants per square meter) and foliar application of gibberellin in two levels (0 and 100 Μg L-1) on some of the physiological and morphological traits of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The experiment, carried out in the research farm of Bojnourd Payame Noor University in 2016, was based on a Randomized Complete Blocks (RCB) with three replications. The effects of 20-plant density with gibberellin spray showed the highest plant dry matter percentage as well as the highest number of lateral branches and leaves. The application of gibberellin increased the sugar content by 12.7% in comparison to the control sample; additionally, the highest sugar content (220.79 mg.g-1 F.W) was obtained in the 20-plant density. By increasing the plant density, the content of chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids decreased. The interaction effect of the 20-plant density ×gibberellin with 72.11 mg.g-1 F.W caused the highest content of chlorophyll a, while the lowest content was recorded for the 50-plant density ×control with 60.7 mg.g-1F.W. The application of gibberellin caused superiority in both seed yield (686.22 Kg.ha-1) and essential oil (0.327%) compared to the control sample. The highest number of compound umbrella and the highest number of seeds per compound umbrella were obtained in the 20 and 30- plant densities, respectively. However, the 1000-seed weight, ultimate yield, oil yield, and essential oil percentage were the highest in the 50-plant density. In general, in higher densities, the ultimate yield seems to increase due to the increased number of plant per unit area, but the yield components are reduced. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugar content, plant hormone, yield component, yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
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