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اثر پیری مصنوعی بذر بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، استقرار گیاهچه و عملکرد دو رقم لوبیا قرمز (Phaseolus vulgaris .L) | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 14، بهمن 1397، صفحه 75-94 اصل مقاله (1.26 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ijsst.2019.109547.1065 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آرش محمدزاده1؛ ناصر مجنون حسینی* 2؛ صادق اسدی3؛ حسین مقدم4؛ محسن جمالی5 | ||
| 1گروه اگرواکولوژی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران | ||
| 2استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 4استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 5گروه اگرواکولوژی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی اثر پیری بذر بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و استقرار گیاهچه و عملکرد گیاه لوبیا در شرایط مزرعه، پژوهشی در سال 90-1389 در آزمایشگاه و مزرعه آموزشی-پژوهشی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران روی دو رقم لوبیا قرمز انجام شد. ارقام لوبیا شامل اختر و صیاد و سطح پیری مصنوعی شامل، صفر (شاهد)، 2، 4 و 6 روز پیری مصنوعی با طرح فاکتوریل و درقالب طرح بلوک‌های کاملا تصادفی در 4 تکرار بود. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار پیری بذر، درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، گیاهچه‌های طبیعی و بنیه‌وزنی گیاهچه را در آزمون جوانه‌زنی استاندارد به طور معنی‌داری کاهش داد. همچنین، تیمار پیری بذر سبب کاهش معنی‌دار صفات درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول و وزن خشک گیاهچه، گیاهچه‌های طبیعی و بنیه‌وزنی گیاهچه در آزمون پیری تسریع شده گردید. بین رقم‌های مورد مطالعه نیز تفاوت معنی‌داری از نظر درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، گیاهچه‌های طبیعی، طول گیاهچه، بنیه وزنی گیاهچه و هدایت الکتریکی بذر مشاهده گردید. در آزمون هدایت الکتریکی، مقدار به دست آمده با افزایش شدت پیری افزایش یافت که این افزایش در رقم اختر بیشتر از صیاد بود. در شرایط مزرعه، صفات سبز شدن و عملکرد تحت تاثیر رقم و تیمار پیری قرار گرفت. اعمال پیری بذر سبب کاهش معنی‌دار شاخص ظهور گیاهچه، درصد استقرار و عملکرد دانه گردید که این کاهش در رقم اختر بیشتر از صیاد بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| استقرار گیاهچه؛ شاخص ظهور گیاهچه؛ شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی؛ عملکرد؛ هدایت الکتریکی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of artificial seed ageing on germination indices, seedling establishment and yield of two red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Arash Mohammadzadeh1؛ Naser Majnon hoseini2؛ Sadegh Asadi3؛ Hossein Moghadam4؛ mohsen jamali5 | ||
| 1Department of Agroecology., Environmental Science Research Institute, University of Shahid Beheshti, G.C., 1983963113 Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of agronomy and plant breeding, Agricultural and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Department od agronomy, Agricultural and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 4Department of agronomy and plant breeding, Agricultural and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 5Department of Agroecology, Environmental Science Research Institute, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To study the effects of artificial seed ageing on germination indices in the laboratory condition and seedling establishment and yield of two red kidney bean genotypes in the field condition, an experiment was carried out at Research Field of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran in 2011. The two experiment design, were as factorial with four replications arranged in randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) and complete randomized design (CRD) for field and laboratory condition, respectively. The experimental treatments consisted of four levels of seed ageing – 0 (control), 2, 4 and 6 days seed ageing – and two red bean genotypes (Akhtar and Sayyad). Results showed that germination percentage, germination rate, normal seedling and seedling vigor index significantly decreased by seed ageing treatment in standard germination test. Also, seed ageing significantly decreased germination percentage, germination rate, seedling length and dry weight, normal seedling and seedling vigor index in accelerated ageing test. Studied genotypes was different in terms of germination percentage, germination rate, normal seedling, seedling length, seedling vigor index and electrical conductivity test. In the electrical conductivity test, seed leakage increased by increment of seed ageing level and is sever in Akhtar compared to Sayyad. In the field condition, seedling emergence and grain yield significantly affected by genotype and seed ageing. Seedling emergence index, seedling establishment percentage and grain yield decreased by seed ageing treatment that was severe in Akhtar than that of Sayyad genotype. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| EC, Germination indices, Seedling emergence index, Seedling Establishment, yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
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Movahedi-Dehnavi, and A.R. Yadavi. 2014.Effect of seed aging on germination and seedling growth indices in three cultivars of Brassica napus L. J. Plant Res. 26(4): 397-411. (In Persian). 4- Basra, S.M.A., N. Ahmad, M.M. Khan, N. Iqbal, and M.A. Cheema. 2003. Assessment of cottonseed deterioration during accelerated ageing. Seed Sci. Technol. 31: 531-540. 5- Bewley, J.D. and M. Black. 1994. Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. Plenum Press. 6- Cruz-Garcia, F., V.A. Gonzalez-Hernandez, J. Molina-Moreno, and J.M. Vazquez-Ramos. 1995. Seed deterioration and respiration as related to DNA metabolism in germinating maize. Seed Sci. Technol. 23: 477-486. 7- Dadivar, M., M.A. Khodshenas, J. Ghadbiklo, and A. Ghadiri. 2009. Evaluation of the effect of rhizobium strains on yield and yield components of red bean cultivars. Soil Water Sci. 26(2): 185-193. (In Persian). 8- Dehghan-shoar, M., A. Hamidi, and S. Mobasser. 2005. Evaluation techniques seed vigor. Tehran. Agricultural education publishing. (In Persian). 9- Demir, I., and R.H. Ellis. 1993. Changes in potential seed longevity and seedling growth during seed development and maturation in marrow. Seed Sci. Res. 3: 247-257. 10- Ellis, R.H., and C. Pieta Filho. 1992. Seed development and cereal seed longevity. Seed Sci. Res. 2: 9-15. 11- Ellis, R.H., and E.H. Roberts. 1981. The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. J. Seed Sci. Technol. 9: 377-409. 12- Esmaeilzadeh, J., A. Aharizad, A. Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab, and A. Shafaati Kohestani. 2010. Effect of Seed Deterioration on Agronomic Traits and Grain Yield of Two Corn Hybrids. Agric. Sci. 19(2): 119-128.(In Persian). 13- Gharineh M.H., A.M. Bakhshandeh, and K. Ghassemi-Golezani. 2004. Effects of viability and vigour of seed on establishment and grain yield of wheat cultivars in field conditions. Seed Plant Improvement J. 20(3): 383-400. (In Persian). 14- Ghasemi-golezani, K., J. Bakhshy, Y. Raey, and A. Hossainzadeh-Mahootchy. 2010a. Seed Vigor and Field Performance of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Cultivars. Not. Bot. Hortic. Agrobot. Cluj. Napoca. 38(3): 146-150. 15- Ghassemi-Golezani, K., S. Khomari, B. Dalil, A. Hosseinzadeh-Mahootchy, and A. Chadordooz-Jeddi. 2010b. Effects of seed aging on field performance of winter oilseed rape. J. Food Agric. Environ. 8: 175-178. 16- Gholami Tilebeni, H., and A. Golpayegani. 2011. Effect of seed ageing on physiological and biochemical changes in rice seed (Oryza sativa L.). Int. J. Agri. Sci. 1(3): 138-143. 17- Hamidi, A., R. Chaokan, A. Asgharzadeh, M. Dehghanshoar, A. Ghalavand, and M.J. Malakouti. 2009. Effect of application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on seedling emergence and establishment and grain yield of late maturity maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in field conditions. Seed Plant Prod. J. 25(2): 183-206. (In Persian). 18- Hampton, J.G. and M.J. Hill. 1990. Herbage seed lots: Are germination data sufficient? Proc. New Zealand Grassland Assoc. 52. 19- Hampton, J.G. and D.M. Tekrony. 1995. Handbook of Vigour Testmethods (3rd.Ed). International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). Zurich Switzerland. 20- Iqbal, N., SH.M.A. Basra, and K. Rehman. 2002. Evaluation of vigor and oil quality in cottonseed during accelerated ageing. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 4: 318-322. 21- ISTA. 2008. Handbook of Seedling Evaluation, 3rd Edition, ISTA Germination Committee, Zurich, Switzerland. 22- Janmohammadi, M., Y. Fallahnezhad, M. Golshan, and H. Mohammadi. 2008. Controlled ageing for storaibility assessment and predicting seedling early growth of canlola cultivars (Brassica napus L). ARPN J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 3: 22-26. 23- Johnston, R.R., and L.M. Wax. 1978. Relationship of soybean germination and vigour tests to field performance. Agron. J. 70: 273-278. 24- Khaje-Hosseini, M., A.A. Powell, and I.J. Bingham. 2003. The interaction between salinity stress and seed vigor during germination of soybean seeds. Seed Sci. Technol. 31: 715-721. 25- Khan, M.M., M.J. Iqbal, M. Abbas, and M. Usman. 2003. Effect of ageing on viability, vigor and chromosomal damage in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds. Pak. J. Agric. Sci. 40: 50–54. 26- Maguire, J.D. 1962. Speed of germination, aid in selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigour. Crop Sci. 2: 176-177. 27- Mc Donald, M.B. 1999. Seed deterioration: physiology, repaire and assessment. Seed Sci. Technol. 27: 177-237. 28- Mitra, S., G. Ghose, and S.M. Sircar. 1974. Physiological changes in rice seeds during loss of viability. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 44: 744-751. 29- Mohammadi, H., A. Soltani, H. Sadeghipour and E. Zeinali. 2011. Effects of seed aging on subsequent seed reserve utilization and seedling growth in soybean. Int. J. Plant Prod. 5(1): 65-70. 30- Mohsen nasab, F., M. Sharafizadeh, and A. Seyadat. 2009. Effect of seed exhaustion (accelerated aging) and seedling growth of wheat cultivars under laboratory conditions.Crop Physiol. 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