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اثر آنتاگونیستی جدایه های قارچی و ترکیبات زیستی در کنترل نماتود سیستی چغندرقند Heterodera schachtii | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 5، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 10، اسفند 1396، صفحه 1-12 اصل مقاله (190.33 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2018.117884 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| منصوره حسینی1؛ مهدی نصر اصفهانی2؛ مرتضی قربانی3 | ||
| 1گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشگاه زابل، زابل | ||
| 2بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 3گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| برای بررسی کنترل بیولوژیک نماتود سیستی چغندرقند Heterodera schachtii، اثر جدایههای قارچی Trichoderma harzianum، Talaromyces flavus، Fusarium solani وPochonia chlamydosporia var. chlamydosporia جدا شده از سیستهای آلوده در استان اصفهان، و ترکیبات زیستی تجاری ماری گُلد (محصول شرکت ABPL کشور هندوستان) و تریکومیکس اچ. وی.TRICHO-MIX H.V.) بـــا مـــاده مـــؤثره T. harzianum T39 محصــول شــرکت فنآوران حیات سبز)، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 9 تیمار و پنج تکرار در گلخانه، طی سالهای 93-1392 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یک نمونه از هر یک از جدایههای قارچ تکثیر یافته روی گندم سترون، به‌میزان 10 گرم و ترکیبات زیستی ماری گُلد و تریکومیکس اچ. وی. به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 2/0 و 2 گرم، به گلدانهای حاوی خاک مزرعه با آلودگی 67/0عدد سیست و 12 عدد تخم و لارو سن دو نماتود در یک گرم خاک افزوده و در دمای 2±25 درجۀ سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 10±70 درصد به‌مدت 90 روز نگهداری شد. تجزیۀ واریانس با نرم افزارSAS 9.1 و میانگین صفات مورد مطالعه در مقایسه با خاک سترون، بهوسیلۀ آزمون چند دامنهای دانکن ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که از نظر جمعیت نهایی بین تیمارها در مقایسه با تیمار نماتود به‌تنهایی، تفاوت معنیداری وجود دارد. بهطوریکه جدایه T. harzianum 128، ماری گُلد، T. harzianum 93، TRICHO-MIX H.V. ،F. solani، T. flavus 94، T. flavus 134 و P. chlamydosporia به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 08/65، 72/60، 08/53، 99/47، 81/45، 17/42، 45/41 و 35/20 درصد، جمعیت نهایی نماتود سیستی چغندرقند را کاهش دادند. بوتههای چغندرقند کشت شده در خاک سترون و مزرعه، از نظر شاخصهای رشدی طول، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و اندامهای هوایی، دارای اختلاف معنیداری بودند. قارچهای فوزاریوم و پوکونیا، نسبت به سایر تیمارها، باعث رشد بیشتر بوتههای چغندرقند شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تریکومیکس اچ. وی؛ ماریگُلد؛ Pochonia chlamydosporia؛ Trichoderma harzianum؛ Talaromyces flavus | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Antagonistic effects of fungal isolates and two commercial bioproducts in the control of sugar beet cyst nematode, Heterodera schachtii | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mnsoure Hosini1؛ Mehdi Nasr Esfahani2؛ Morteza Ghorbani3 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The biological control of Heterodera schachtii, was investigated using Trichoderma harzianum, Talaromyces flauvs, Fusarium solani and Pochonia chlamydosporium antagonistic fungiisolated from sugar beet cyst nematode in Isfahan Province of Iran. Their effects were compared to those of two commercial bioproducts including Marigold (Amit Biotech Pvt. Ltd., India) and TRICHO-MIX H.V. (Fanavaran Hayat-e Sabz Co., Iran) in a completely randomized design greenhouse experiment with five replicates. Fungal isolates grown on sterile wheat seeds were added to the field soil and or pasteurized soil at the rate of 10 grams per pot along with Marigold and TRICHO-MIX H.V. at 0.2 and 2 grams per pot respectively. Pots were kept in a greenhouse at 25±2°C, with 70±10% RH for 90 days. Analysis of the variance of the results was first performed and comparisons of the means were done using Duncan's multiple range test by SAS 9.1 statistical software. The results showed that there were significant differences in final population density between treatments compared with nematode alone. T. harzianum128, Marigold, T. harzianum 93, TRICHO-MIX H.V., F. solani, T. flavus 94, T. flavus 134 and P. chlamydosporium reduced final population by 65.08, 60.72, 53.08, 47.99, 45.81, 42.17, 41.45 and 20.35%, respectively. Fresh and dry weight of the above and below ground and length of the stem and the root of sugar beet plants were significantly different in the pasteurized and field soil. Plants treated with Fusarium and Verticillium showed higher growth compared to the other treatments. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Marigold, Pochonia chlamydosporia, Talaromyces flauvs, TRICHO-MIX H.V, Trichoderma harzianum | ||
| مراجع | ||
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