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تأثیر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد و اسانس شوید (Anethum graveolens L.) در کشت مخلوط با سویا (Glycine max L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 34، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 90، مهر و آبان 1397، صفحه 645-661 اصل مقاله (337.79 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2018.115548.2146 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم روستایی* 1؛ سینا فلاح2؛ علی عباسی سورکی3؛ علی تدین4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کودهای آلی می‌توانند به‌عنوان جایگزین کودهای شیمیایی در کشاورزی پایدار استفاده شوند. از سوی دیگر کشت مخلوط در مقایسه با کشت خالص، یک راهبرد امیدوارکننده برای تولید غذا با اتکای کمتر بر کودهای شیمیایی است. به‌منظور ارزیابی اثر کشت مخلوط بر عملکرد و اسانس شوید (Anethum graveolens L.) تحت تأثیر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی شهرکرد در سال 1396 انجام شد. کشت خالص سویا (S)، کشت خالص شوید (D) و سه الگوی کشت این دو گیاه (S:D، 1:1، 1:2 و 2:1) به‌عنوان فاکتور اول و دو منبع کودی (شیمیایی و مرغی) به‌عنوان فاکتور دوم در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد ماده خشک شوید (1001.48 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و بیشترین عملکرد اسانس (18.47 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار دو ردیف سویا+ یک ردیف شوید مشاهده شد. بیشترین درصد اسانس (2.64%) در کشت خالص تحت تغذیه کود آلی بدست آمد. بیشترین تعداد غلاف در بوته (47.5 عدد) و عملکرد دانه سویا (2192 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به تیمار یک ردیف سویا + دو ردیف شوید حاوی کود مرغی اختصاص داشت. بیشترین نسبت برابری زمین (1.19) در تیمار دو ردیف سویا+ یک ردیف شوید حاوی کود آلی حاصل شد. براساس نتایج بدست آمده، تیمار دو ردیف سویا+ یک ردیف شوید تحت تغذیه کود آلی با داشتن حداکثر نسبت برابری زمین و میزان زیاد اسانس شوید، تیمار برتر بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسانس؛ زراعت ارگانیک؛ شوید (Anethum graveolens L.)؛ عملکرد؛ کود مرغی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of organic manure and chemical fertilizers on yield and essential oil of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) in intercropping with soybean (Glycine max L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Rostaei1؛ S. Fallah2؛ A. Abbasi Sorki3؛ A. Tadayon4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, College of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| 2College of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| 3College of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| 4College of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Organic manure can be used as an alternative for chemical fertilizers in sustainable agriculture. Hence, compared with sole cropping systems, intercropping is a promising approach for crop production due to the lesser reliance on chemical fertilizer. In order to evaluate the effects of intercropping on yield and essential oil of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) under organic manure and chemical fertilizers, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Shahrekord University research farm in 2016. Sole cropping of soybean (S) and dill (D) accompanied by three intercropping ratios of them (S:D 2:1, S:D 1:1, and S:D 1:2) were evaluated as the first factor, and two sources of fertilizer (chemical fertilizer, and broiler litter) as the second factor. The results showed that the highest dry matter yield of dill (1001.48 kg ha-1) and essential oil yield of dill (18.47 kg ha-1) was observed in the one-row dill + two-row soybean. The maximum essential oil percentage of dill (2.64%) was achieved in sole crop under organic manure. The highest pod/ plant (47.50) and seed yield of soybean (2192 kg ha-1) were dedicated to the two-row dill+one-row soybean under organic manure. The maximum land equivalent ratio (1.19) was achieved in treatment of one-row dill + two-row soybean under organic manure. According to the results, treatment of one-row dill + two-row soybean under organic manure had the highest land equivalent ratio, and produced a large amount of dill essential oil; therefore, it was considered as the superior treatment. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| essential oil, Organic Farming, dill (Anethum graveolens L.), yield, broiler litter | ||
| مراجع | ||
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