| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,005 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,631 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,472,636 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 29,943,541 |
تأثیر انواع خا ک پوش زیستی بر تثبیت ماسه های روان | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 30، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 117، دی 1396، صفحه 83-93 اصل مقاله (531.74 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2018.117088 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| معصومه سبزی* 1؛ حمیدرضا عسگری2؛ سیدفخرالدین افضلی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترا گروه آبخیزداری و مدیریت مناطق بیابانی، دانشکده ی مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه آبخیزداری و مدیریت مناطق بیابانی، دانشکده ی مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 3استادیار بخش مهندسی منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده ی کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فرسایش بادی یکی از بزرگترین مشکلات زیستمحیطی جهان است. طوفان‌های گردوغبار حاصل از جابهجایی ماسه های روان می تواند زیان‌های جدی را به مناطق شهری، صنعتی و کشاورزی وارد کند. استفاده از خاک‌پوش یکی از رایج ترین روش های تثبیت خاک برای جلوگیری از فرسایش بادی و مهارکردن ریزگرد‌ها است. در این پژوهش برای تثبیت ماسه های روان از پس‌ماند آلی ویناس و فیلترکیک حاصل از کارخانه‌های قند و کودبازیافته (کمپوست) در ترکیب با رس استفاده شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 14 تیمار (نوع خاک‌پوش آلی) انجام شد. برای آماده‌سازی بستر تیمارها از ماسه های بادی دشت دژگاه در استان فارس استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی برای ماسه‌بادی در سینی های مخصوص دستگاه تونل باد به ابعاد 50×30 ×1 سانتی متر پاشیده شد. سپس ویژگی های مکانیکی سله های ایجاد شده از جمله ضخامت، مقاومت فروروی، مقاومت برشی، سرعت آستانه‌ی فرسایش و فرسایش‌پذیری تیمارها اندازه گیری شد. نتایج تحلیل واریانس نشان دادند که اثر نوع خاک‌پوش بر مقاومت فشاری و برشی و فرسایش‌پذیری بادی در سطح پنج درصد معنی‌دار بود. براساس مقایسه‌ی میانگین ها با آزمون چند دامنه‌ایی دانکن مقاومت برشی و فروروی خاک‌پوش 1 با ترکیب 25 گرم کودبازیافته + 100 گرم ویناس + 100 گرم رس بیش‌ترین، و فرسایش‌پذیری بادی آن کم‌ترین بود. باتوجه به تخریب پذیری زیستی و توجیه پذیری اقتصادی آن (هزینه‌ی اجرایی کم‌تر از خاک‌پوش‌های نفتی و پلیمری) بهترین ترکیب خاک‌پوش برای تثبیت ماسه های روان شناخته شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پس ماند آلی؛ تثبیت ماسه های روان؛ مقاومت؛ مهار کردن فرسایش بادی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effectiveness of Biological Mulch Types on Sand Dune Stabilization | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Masume Sabzi1؛ Hamid Reza Asgari2؛ Seyed Fakhreddin Afzali3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student., Dept. of Watershed Management and Desert Regions Management, Faculty of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Prof., Dept. of Watershed Management and Desert Regions Management, Faculty of Range land and Watershed Management, Agriculture and Natural Resource University of Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Prof., Dept. of Natural Resourse & Enviormental Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Wind erosion is considered a major global environmental problem. Sands torms cause serious damages to municipal, industrial and agricultural areas. Mulch is one of the most common materials for soil stabilization, which mitigates wind erosion and dust formation. In this research different combinations of organic (waste press mud, beet vinasse dunder and compost) were used in combination with clay as a stabilizer. Sandy soil from the Dejgah plain, the Provice of Fars, was used as the erodible material. Experiments were carried out in a completely randomized desing (CRD) with 14 treatments (organic mulch type). The mulches were sprinkled on plots of 50×30×1 cm sand. The thickness and mechanical properties of the mulched layear, namely the: shear strength, penetration resistance, and wind erodibility of the treatments were measured. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the effects of mulch type on thickness, penetration resistance, and shear strength of surface soil were highly significant (p<0.05). Based on comparison of means with the Duncan's multiple range test, the M1 treatment with 25g compost+100g vinasse+100g clay had the highest thickness, penetration resistance, shear strength and the lowest amount of wind erodibility. Due to the biodegradability and economic justification (lower operating cost than petroleum and polymeric mulches), the organic mulch was recognized as the best combination for stabilizing sandy soils. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Organic waste, resistance, sand dune stabilization, wind erosion control | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abedi Kopaei J. 2001. Improve ment of soils contaminated by heavy metals used in Hyprakymvlatvrha. 1st Ground Improvement Conference. Tehran Amirkabir University of Technology. 543–553. Abtehi A. Karimian N. Solhi M. 1991. Report of semi-detailed soil studies of land in the Bajgah area of Fars Province. Shiraz University Press. 77 pp. (In Persion). Ahmadi H. Ekhtesasi MR. 1994. Estimating the speed of erosion threshold in the lands of Yazd plain in two methods of sediment traps and wind erosion measuring apparatus. Desert and Desert Area Research Center Tehran University. 120 p. (In Persion) Ahmadi H. Ekhtesasi MR. Feiznia S. Haneibafghi MJ. 2002. Control methods of wind erosion for railroads protection (Case study: Bafgh region). Iranian Journal of Natural Resources. 55 (3): 327–339. (In Persian). Baumhardt RL. Unger PW. Dao TH. 2004. Soil and crop management - Seedbed Surface Geometry Effects on Soil Crusting and Seedling Emergence. Agronomy. 96 (4): 1112–1117. Bayat Movahed F. 2011. The function of vegetation in controlling wind erosion, Iranian Agriculture Science press. 168 pp. Bijanpoor H. Ansari MS. Hosseininejad AL. Abedinzadeh M. 2012. Study of using filter cake in sugarcane field and its effect on yield. 5th National Congress Sugarcane Technology of Iran. 65–69. (In Persian). Bradford JL. 1986. In A. Klute (ed.) Methods of soil analysis. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, USA. 463- 478. Diaz-Nigenda E. Tatarko J. Jazcilevich AD. Garcia AR. Caetano E. Ruiz-Suarez LG. 2010. A modelling study of Aeolian erosion enhanced by surface wind confluences over Mexico City. Aeolian Research. 2: 143–157. Diouf B. Skidmore EL. Layton JB. Hagen LJ. 1990. Stabilizing Fine sand by adding clay: laboratory wind tunnel study. Soil Technology. 3 (1): 21–31. Ekhtesasi MR. Hazirei F. 2016. Investigating the effect of cement mulch on the sand dune stabilization. Journal of Rangeland and Watershed Management. 68 (4): 739–750. (In Persion). Genis A. Vulfson L. Ben-Asher J. 2012. Combating wind erosion of sandy soils and crop damage in the coastal deserts: Wind tunnel experiments.Aeolian Research. 9: 69–73. Gomes L. Arrue JL. Lopez MV. Strek G. Richard D. Garcia R. Sabre JM. Gaudichet A. Frangi JP. 2003. Wind Erosion in a Semiarid Area of Spain: the WELSONS project. Catena. 52 (3–4): 235–256. Gunkel G. Kosmol J. Sobral M. Rohn H. Montenegro S. Aureliano J. 2007. Sugar Cane Industry as a Source of Water Pollution (Case study: on the Situation in Ipojuca River). Pernambuco. Brazil. Journal of Water, Air and Soil Pollution. 180 (1–4): 261–269. Hagen LJ. 2010. Erosion by wind: Modeling. In: Lal, R. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Soil Science. 2ned. London: Taylor and Francis Publishers. Hazirei F. Zare Ernani M. 2013. Investigation of effect of clay-lime mulch for sand dunes fixation. Journal of Water and Soil. 27(2): 373–380. (In Persian). Herrick JE. Jones TL. 2002. A dynamic cone penetrometer for measuring soil penetration resistance. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 66 (4): 1320–1324. Jamshidsafa M. KhaliliMoghaddam B. Jafari S. Ghorbani Dashtaki Sh. 2015. Investigation of filter cake as adopted environmental mulch using for sand dune stabilization in Ahvaz. Scientific Journal of Agricultural Engineering. 38 (1): 29–42. (In Persian). Kammerer A. 2002. Undrained response of Monterey 0/30 sand under multidirectional cyclic simple shear loading conditions. Ph.D. thesis. University of California: Berkeley, CA. Khalili Moghadam B. Jamili T. Nadian H. Shahbazi E. 2015. The influence of sugarcane mulch on sand dune stabilization in Khuzestan, the southwest of Iran, Journal of Agricultural Research. 34 (2): 71–80. Koopaeenia MA. Afzali SF. 2015. Examining some desert conditions on some nonalive waste industrial mulches for controlling wind erosion, Journal of Ecology Environmental and Conservation. 21 (1): 15–23. Li X. 2000. Soil and water conservation in arid and semiarid areas; the Chinese experience, Annals of Arid Zone. 39 (4): 1–18. Li Y. Yang Y. Yu HS. Asce M. Roberts G. 2016. Monotonic direct simple shear tests on sand under multidirectional loading. International Journal of Geomechanics. 17 (1): 1943–5622. Mahmoodabadi M. Dehghani F. Azimzadeh HR. 2011. Effect of soil particle size distribution on wind erosion rate. Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production. 1(1): 81–98. (In Persion). Majdi H. Karimian Eghbal A. Karimzade HR. Jalalian A. 2006. Effect of clay mulches on amount of Aeolian dust. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resource.10 (3): 137–148. (In Persian). Matsuda H. Hendrawan AP. Ishikura R. Kawahara S. 2011. Effective stress change and post-earthquake settlement properties of granular materials subjected to multi-directional cyclic simple shear. Soils Found. 51(5): 873–884. Movahedan M. Abbasi N. Keramati M. 2011. Laboratory study of the effect of polyvinyl acetate polymer on the control of soil erosion. Journal of Water and Soil (f Agriculture Sciences and Technology). 25(3): 606–616. (In Persian). Pansu M. Gautheyrou J. 2006. Handbook of soil analysis, Mineralogical, organic and inorganic methodes: Springer. 993 pp. PourKeyhan, M. 2017. Report from the soil science laboratory. Green cultivation company, Khuzestan, Iran, 45 pp. Rachman A, Anderson S H, Gantzer C J, Thompson A L. 2003. Influence of long-term cropping systems on soil physical properties related to soil erodibility. Soil Science Society American Journal. 67 (2): 637–644. Riahi. 2011. Report on the plan for increasing organic matter to soil. Agricultural Research and Development Center, Fars, Iran. 112 pp. Ros M. Hernandez MT. Garcia C. 2003. Soil microbial activity after restoration of a semiarid soil by organic amendments. Journal of Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 35(3): 463–469. Saad Ali A. 1994. A study of sand stabilization in eastern Saudi Arabia. Engineering Geology. 38 (1–2): 65–79. Tejada M. Garcia C. Gonzalez JL. Hernandez MT. 2006. Organic amendment based on fresh and composted beet vinasse: Influence on soil properties and wheat yield. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 70: 900–908. Tejada M. Garcia-Martinez AM. Parrado J. 2009. Effects of a vermicompost composted withbeet vinasse on soil properties, soil losses and soil restoration. Catena. 77(3): 238–247. Vaezi A. 2012. Application of oil mulch in wind erosion control and sand dune stabilization. Second National Conference on Wind Erosion. Yazd, Iran. 7 pp. Van Pelt R. Zobeck T. 2004. Effects of polyacrylamide, cover crops, and crop residue management on wind erosion. In proceedings of 13th International Soil Conservation Organisation Conference (ISCO). July 2004. Conserving Soil and Water for Society: Sharing Solutions, Brisbane, Australia. pp. 1–4. Wuddivira MN. Stone RJ. Ekwue EL. 2013. Influence of cohesive and disruptive forces on strength and erodibility of tropical soils. Soil Tillers Research. 133:40–45. Xiao YL. Lian YL. Ji BG. 2001. Influence of pebble mulch on soil erosion by wind and trapping capacity for windblown sediment. Soil and Tillage Research. 59: 137–142. Yamanaka T. Inoue M. Kaihotsu I. 2004. Effects of gravel mulch on water vapor transfer above and below the soil surface. Agricultural Water Management. 67 (2): 145–155. Zhao HL. Yi XY. Zhou RL. Zhang TH. Drake S. 2006. Wind erosion and sand accumulation effects on soil properties in Horqin Sandy Farmland, Inner Mongolia. Catena. 65(1): 71–79. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,161 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 554 |
||