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تأثیر تنش خشکی بر صفات فیزیولوژیک، فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز و عملکرد دانه پنج جمعیت گیاه دارویی بالنگو شیرازی (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 89، مرداد و شهریور 1397، صفحه 412-429 اصل مقاله (1.12 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2018.115298.2128 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| خدیجه احمدی1؛ حشمت امیدی* 2 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| خشکی خصوصیات مورفولوژی، فیزیولوژی و بیوشیمیایی گیاهان را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد و اثرات عمده‌ای بر تولیدات کشاورزی می‌گذارد. به همین منظور مطالعه‌ای با عنوان ارزیابی اثر خشکی بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد دانه جمعیت‌های گیاه دارویی بالنگو (Lallemantia royleana Benth.)، در مزرعه پژوهشی گیاهان دارویی دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهد انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 94-1393 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل سه سطح خشکی از مرحله گلدهی به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی (قابلیت رطوبت خاک 0.5-، 6.5- و 9.5- اتمسفر) و جمعیت‌های بالنگو شامل یک جمعیت از استان کردستان و چهار جمعیت از استان اصفهان (اصفهان3، اصفهان5، اصفهان6، اصفهان7) به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل عملکرد دانه، وزن هزاردانه، رنگریزه‌های فتوسنتزی، محتوای پرولین، محتوای فنل برگ، محتوای مالون‌دی‌آلدئید، شاخص پایداری غشاء و فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز بود. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی بر صفات مورد مطالعه بجز محتوای کلروفیل b و نسبت کلروفیل a/b معنی‌دار بود. جمعیت و اثر متقابل آن بر تمامی صفات مورد ارزیابی بجز محتوای آنتوسیانین تأثیر معنی‌داری داشت. خشکی باعث کاهش محتوای رنگریزه‌های فتوسنتزی، شاخص پایداری غشاء، وزن هزاردانه و عملکرد دانه شد. با افزایش تنش خشکی فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز و محتوای پاداکسایش‌های غیرآنزیمی مانند ترکیب‌های فنلی، کاروتنوئید، آنتوسیانین و محتوای پرولین برای القاء تحمل به خشکی افزایش یافت. جمعیت اصفهان3 در تنش نسبتاً شدید بیشترین عملکرد دانه را با میانگین 312.77 کیلوگرم در هکتار و محتوای پرولین را با میانگین 14.02 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر برگ داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پراکسیداز؛ پرولین؛ شاخص پایداری غشاء؛ عملکرد دانه؛ مالون‌دی‌آلدئید | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of drought stress on physiological traits, peroxidase activity and grain yield of five populations of Lallemantia royleana Benth. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Kh. Ahmadi1؛ H. Omidi2 | ||
| 1M.Sc. graduated, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Drought stress affects the morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of plants and will have major effects on agricultural production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of drought on some physiological and grain yield properties of Balangu populations (Lallemantia royleana Benth.), in the Research Station of Shahed University. This study was conducted in a split-plot design based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during 2014-2015. The experimental factors consisted of three different levels of drought stress at the flowering stage as main factors (applying soil water potential of -0.5, -6.5 and -9.5 atm), and Balangu populations including one population from Kurdistan and four populations from Esfahan province (Esfahan3, Esfahan5, Esfahan6, Esfahann) were considered as subplots. The traits studied included grain yield, one thousand seed weight, photosynthetic pigments content, proline content, total phenol content, membrane stability index (MDA), and peroxidase activity. According to the results, drought stress had significant effects on all traits except chlorophyll b content and chlorophyll a/b ratio. Population and its interactions showed a significant effect with all traits except anthocyanin content. Drought caused to the reduced content of photosynthetic pigments, membrane stability index, thousand grain weight and grain yield. With increasing drought stress, the lipid peroxidation enzymatic activity and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as phenolic content, carotenoids content, anthocyanins content, and proline content of tissue increased to induce drought tolerance. The highest grain yield with the mean of (312.77 kg/ha) and the highest phenolic content with an average of (14.02 mg/g FW) were recorded for the Esfahan3 population under relatively severe stress. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| peroxidase, prolin, membrane stability index, grian yield, MDA | ||
| مراجع | ||
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