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بررسی تأثیر فاصله روی ردیف بر عملکرد دو اکوتیپ گیاه دارویی Thymbra spicata L. تحت شرایط کشت در مزرعه | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 34، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 87، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1397، صفحه 62-76 اصل مقاله (984.63 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2018.114460.2071 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه ملک ملکی* 1؛ نصرت اله عباسی2؛ ابراهیم شریفی عاشورآبادی3؛ مهرشاد براری2؛ محمد جواد زارع4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترا، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر فواصل کاشت بر عملکرد شاخص‌های مورفولوژیک و میزان اسانس دو اکوتیپ از گیاه دارویی زوفایی (Thymbra spicata L.) در شرایط زراعی طی دو سال زراعی 1395 و 1396، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل سه فاصله کاشت روی ردیف (20، 30 و 45 سانتی‌متر) و دو اکوتیپ (ملکشاهی و سومار) بودند. نتایج حاصل از بررسی مرکب داده‌ها نشان داد که فواصل کاشت و اکوتیپ‌های کاشته شده بر بسیاری از صفات ازجمله عملکرد ماده خشک برگ و بوته، درصد و عملکرد اسانس تولیدی، شاخص سطح برگ، تعداد شاخه فرعی، تعداد گل در بوته و ارتفاع تأثیر معنی‌دار داشت. مقایسه میانگین اثرات ساده و متقابل صفات نشان داد که با افزایش فاصله کاشت بین بوته‌ها تا سطح 30 سانتی‌متر عملکرد ماده خشک بوته، شاخص سطح برگ، تعداد شاخه فرعی و قطر تاج پوشش در گیاه افزایش یافت و با توجه به همبستگی مثبت این صفات با عملکرد اسانس درنهایت بیشترین عملکرد اسانس تولیدی در این تیمار مشاهده گردید. در میان دو اکوتیپ نیز اکوتیپ ملکشاهی از نظر عملکرد ماده خشک برگ و بوته، درصد و عملکرد اسانس تعداد شاخه فرعی، قطر تاج پوشش و سطح برگ بر اکوتیپ سومار برتری داشت. نتایج حاصل شده از کاشت دوساله گیاه زوفایی نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد ماده خشک بوته، شاخص سطح برگ، تعداد شاخه فرعی، قطر تاج پوشش، طول گل‌آذین و درصد اسانس در سال دوم کاشت در تیمار فاصله روی ردیف 30 سانتی‌متر و اکوتیپ ملکشاهی بدست آمد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ایلام؛ زوفایی (Thymbra spicata L.)؛ شاخص سطح برگ؛ عملکرد اسانس؛ عملکرد ماده خشک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of row distance on yield of two ecotypes of Thymbra spicata L. under field growing conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. MalekMaleki1؛ N. Abasi2؛ E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi3؛ M. Barari2؛ M.J. Zare4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Agronomy and Plant breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 3Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Agronomy and Plant breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This research was conducted to investigate the effect of row spacing on yield (performance), morphological indices and essential oil content of two ecotypes of Thymbra (Thymbra spicata L.) in field growing conditions during two years of 2016 and 2017. The experiment was conducted in factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University. The treatments consisted of three-row spacing (20, 30 and 45 cm) and two ecotypes (Malekshahi and Sumar). The results of the combined analysis revealed that plant spacing and ecotypes had a significant effect on many parameters such as dry matter yield of leaf and plant, percentage, essential oil yield, leaf area index, number of branches, number of flowers per plant and plant height. The comparison of the mean for simple and interaction effects of parameters showed that when row distance between plants increased up to 30 cm, plant dry matter yield, leaf area index, the number of branches and canopy diameter increased in the plant. According to the positive correlation of these parameters with essential oil yield, the highest yield of essential oil was observed in this treatment. Among the two ecotypes, the Malekshahi ecotype was superior to Sumar in terms of dry matter yield of leaf and plant, essential oil, percentage and yield, number of branches, canopy diameter and leaf area index. The results of two-year planting of Thymbra spicata indicated that the highest dry matter of plant yield, leaf area index, number of branches, canopy diameter, length of inflorescence and essential oil percentage were achieved in the second year of cultivation in the row spacing of 30 cm and Malekshahi ecotype. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Ilam, Thymbra Spicata L, leaf area index, essential oil yield, dry yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
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