| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,998 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,576 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,215,820 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,565,758 |
اثر آتش‌سوزی بر روابط زیستی گیاه بالشتکی اسپرس در علفزارهای کوهستانی پارک ملی گلستان | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 25، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 70، فروردین 1397، صفحه 140-151 اصل مقاله (383.38 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2018.116232 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| خدیجه بهلکه1؛ مهدی عابدی* 2؛ قاسمعلی دیانتی تیلکی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار،گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| حضور گونه‌های گیاهی در کنار یکدیگر موجب ایجاد روابط زیستی در بین آنها می‌شود. این روابط بسیار پیچیده و متغیر هستند که در بین آنها تسهیل و رقابت بیش‌ترین تأثیر را بر کارکرد زیست‌بوم دارند. از جمله عوامل محیطی که بر روابط زیستی تأثیر دارد آشفتگی‌های محیطی از جمله آتش می‌باشد. این مطالعه به دنبال بررسی اثر آتش‌سوزی بر روابط زیستی تسهیلی و رقابتی در بین گیاهان بالشتکی و زیرآشکوب آنها می‌باشد. بنابراین، برای بررسی اثر آتش‌سوزی بر روی روابط زیستی تعداد 25 پایه اسپرس زنده و 25 لکه سوخته اسپرس و نیز به‌صورت جفتی برای هر کدام از پایه‌ها پلاتی در فضای بیرون به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب گردید و گونه‌های آن ثبت و سپس روابط زیستی محاسبه شد. طبق نتایج بدست آمده اثر آتش‌سوزی بر درصد پوشش کل گونه‌ها معنی‌دار نبود ولی موجب افزایش پهن‌برگان چندساله (از 7/4 به 3/11درصد)، ژئوفیت‌ها (از 1/0 به 5/0درصد)، پهن‌برگان یکساله (از 1/0 به 3/2درصد)، گندمیان یکساله (از 0 به 1/0درصد) و موجب کاهش گندمیان چندساله (از 2/7 به 9/4 درصد)، بوته‌ای‌ها (از 8/3 به 8/0درصد) و گیاهان بالشتکی (از 7/1 به 4/0درصد) شد. و بر لگوم‌ها تأثیر معنی‌داری نداشت. با توجه به آزمون تی غیرجفتی، اثر آتش‌سوزی بر روابط زیستی در کل موجب افزایش تسهیل گونه‌ها نسبت به منطقه شاهد شده است، و همچنین آتش سوزی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر گروه‌های کارکردی نداشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آتش؛ آشفتگی؛ اسپرس؛ تسهیل؛ رقابت؛ روابط زیستی؛ گروه‌های کارکردی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Fire on Biotic Interaction of Onobrychis curnata in Mountain grasslands | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Khadije Bahalkeh1؛ Mehdi Abedi2؛ Ghasemali Dianati Tilaki3 | ||
| 1M. Sc. Student, Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The presence of plant species together causes biotic interactions. These interactions are very complex and variable among species which facilitation and competition have the highest impact on ecosystem function. Disturbances including fire are among the environmental factors affecting the biotic interactions. This study aimed on understanding the effect of fire on biotic interactions of cushions and grassland species. Therefore, to survey the effects of fire on the biotic interaction, 30 individuals of non burned Onobrychis cornuta and also 30 individuals of burnt patches were selected. In addition, 30 paired plots for each individual was randomly established close to each patches. According to our results, the effect of fire was not significant on total cover, but fire increased the perennial forbs (from 4.7 to 11.3 %), geophytes (from 0.1 to 0.5 %), annual forbs (from 0.1 to 2.3 %), annual grasses (from 0 to 0.1 %) and also decreased the perennial grasses (from 7.2 to 4.9 %), shrubs (from 3.8 to 0.8 %) and cushions (from 1.7 to 0.4 %) and no significant effects on legumes. Only the annual grasses increased under the burned patches. According to the T-test results of total biotic interactions, fire facilitated species but it was not significant for functional groups. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| fire, Disturbance, Onobrychis Cornuta, Facilitation, Competition, Biotic Interaction, Functional Groups | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abedi, M., 2015. Functional based approach and its applications in rangeland ecological interpretations. National Range and range management conferences. - Abedi, M., Arzani, H., Shahriary, E., Tongway, D. and Aminzadeh, M., 2007. Assessment of patches structure and function in arid and semi arid Rangelands. Environmental Studies. 40: 117-126. - Abedi, M., Zaki, E., Erfanzadeh, R., Naqinezhad, AR., 2018. Germination patterns of the scrublands in response to smoke: The role of functional groups and the effect of smoke treatment method. South African Journal of Botany. 115, 231-236. - Arzani, H. and Abedi, M., 2015. Rangeland Assessment: Vegetation measurement. University of Tehran Press, 217p. - Akhani, H., 1998. Plant biodiversity of Golestan National Park, Iran. Stapfia .53: 411p. - Armas, C., Ordiales, R., and Pugnaire, F. I., 2004.Measuring plant interactions: a new comparative index. Ecology, 85(10): 2682-2686. - Bahalkeh, Kh., Abedi, M., Dianati Tilaki, GA., 2017a. Microclimate changes of cushion species Onobrychis cornuta affected by fire in Golestan National Park Grasslands. Ecohydrology. 3(4): 623-630. - Bahalkeh, Kh., Abedi, M., Dianati Tilaki, GA., 2017b. Effect of Seasons and Exposures on Microhabitat Modifications of Onobrychis cornuta Cushions. Environmental Erosion Research. 4(24): 68-80. - Bahalkeh, Kh., Abedi, M., Dianati Tilaki, GA., 2018a. Competitive Effects of Onobrychis cornuta Changes between Exposures and Fire (Case Study Golestan Natural Park). Rangeland, inpress. - Bahalkeh, Kh., Abedi, M., Dianati Tilaki, GA., 2018b. Effect of Shrub Death on Competitions of Grasslands Species in Golestan National Park. Plant researchers. Inpress. - Bargmann, T., Heegaard, E., Hatteland, B. A., Chipperfield, J. D., and Grytnes, J. A. 2016.Species trait selection along a prescribed fire chronosequence. Insect Conservation and Diversity.(In press) - Bertness, M. D., Callaway, R., 1994. Positive interactions in communities. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 9(5): 191-193. - Butterfield, B.J., Cavieres, L.A., Callaway, R.M., Cook, B.J., Kikvidze, Z., Lortie, C.J., Michalet, R., Pugnaire, F.I., Schöb, C., Xiao, S. and Zaitchek, B., 2013. Alpine cushion plants inhibit the loss of phylogenetic diversity in severe environments. Ecology Letters, 16(4), pp.478-486. - Brewer, J. S., 1999.Effects of fire, competition and soil disturbances on regeneration of a carnivorous plant (Drosera capillaris). The American midland naturalist, 141(1): 28-42. - Cavieres, L.A., Brooker, R.W., Butterfield, B.J., Cook, B.J., Kikvidze, Z., Lortie, C.J., Michalet, R., Pugnaire, F.I., Schöb, C., Xiao, S. and Anthelme, F., 2014. Facilitative plant interactions and climate simultaneously drive alpine plant diversity. Ecology Letters, 17(2), pp.193-202. - Choler, P., Michalet, R., Callaway, R. M., 2001. Facilitation and competition on gradients in alpine plant communities. Ecology. 82(12): 3295-3308. - Dierschke, H., 1994. Pflanzensoziologie: Grundlagen und Methoden. - Ulmer. - Egawa, C., Koyama, A., Tsuyuzaki, S., 2009.Relationships between the developments of seed bank, standing vegetation and litter in a post-mined peatland. Plant Ecology, 203(2): 217-228. - Grime, J. P., 1977.Evidence for the existence of three primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory. American naturalist, 111: 1169-1194. - Grime, J.,1973. Competition and Diversity in Herbaceous Vegetation. Nature. 244, 311. - He, Q., Bertness, M. D., 2014. Extreme stresses, niches, and positive species interactions along stress gradients. Ecology, 95(6): 1437-1443. - Heydari, M., Omidipour, R., Abedi, M., Baskin, C., 2017. Effects of fire disturbance on alpha and beta diversity and on beta diversity components of soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation. Plant Ecology and Evolution. 150 (3): 1-10. - Henry, HA., Abedi, M., Alados, CL., Beard, KH., Fraser, LH., Jentsch, A., Kreyling, J., Kulmatiski ,A., Lamb, EG., Sun, W., Vankoughnett, MR., 2018. Increased Soil Frost Versus Summer Drought as Drivers of Plant Biomass Responses to Reduced Precipitation: Results from a Globally Coordinated Field Experiment. Ecosystems:1-3. - Holmgren, M., Scheffer, M., 2010. Strong facilitation in mild environments: the stress gradient hypothesis revisited. , Ecology, 98(6): 1269-1275. - Jankju M., 2013. Role of nurse shrubs in restoration of an arid rangeland: effects of microclimate on grass establishment. Journal of Arid Environments, 89: 103-109. - Jankju, M., Ejtehadi, H., 2016. Effects of drought and canopy facilitation on plant diversity and abundance in a semiarid mountainous rangeland. Plant ecology. - Keeley, J. E., 1987. Role of fire in seed germination of woody taxa in California chaparral. Ecology, 68(2): 434-443. - Kikvidze, Z., Brooker, R.W., Butterfield, B.J., Callaway, R.M., Cavieres, L.A., Cook, B.J., Lortie, C.J., Michalet, R., Pugnaire, F.I., Xiao, S. and Anthelme, F., 2015. The effects of foundation species on community assembly: a global study on alpine cushion plant communities. Ecology, 96(8), pp.2064-2069. - Kirkman, L. K., Goebel, P. C., Palik, B. J., West, L. T. 2004.Predicting plant species diversity in a longleaf pine landscape. Ecoscience, 11(1): 80-93. - Kitajima, K., and Tilman, D., 1996.Seed banks and seedling establishment on an experimental productivity gradient. Oikos, 76: 381-391. - Luna, B., Moreno, J., Cruz, A., Fernández-González, F., 2007.Heat-Shock and Seed Germination of a Group of Mediterranean Plant Species Growing in a Burned Area: an Approach Based on Plant Functional Types. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 60(3): 324-333. - Maalouf, J. P., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y., Marchand, L., Touzard, B., Michalet, R. 2012.The interplay of stress and mowing disturbance for the intensity and importance of plant interactions in dry calcareous grasslands. Annals of botany, 110: 821–828. - Michalet, R., Brooker, R. W., Cavieres, L. A., Kikvidze, Z., Lortie, C. J., Pugnaire, F. I., Valiente‐Banuet, A., Callaway, R. M., 2006. Do biotic interactions shape both sides of the humped‐back model of species richness in plant communities? Ecology letters, 9(7): 767-773. - Michalet, R., Bagousse Pinguet, L., Maalouf, J. P., Lortie, C. J., 2014.Two alternatives to the stress gradient hypothesis at the edge of life: the collapse of facilitation and the switch from facilitation to competition. Vegetation science, 25(2): 609-613. - Michalet, R., Brooker, R.W., Lortie, C.J., Maalouf, J.P. and Pugnaire, F.I., 2015. Disentangling direct and indirect effects of a legume shrub on its understorey community. Oikos, 124(9), pp.1251-1262. - Raffaele, E., Veblen, T. T., 1998. Facilitation by nurse shrubs of resprouting behavior in a postfire shrubland in northern Patagonia, Argentina. Journal of Vegetation Science, 9(1): 693-698. - Rawson, T., Davies, R., Whalen, M, .Mackay, D., 2013. Fire‐Related Cues and Germination From the Soil Seed Bank of Senescent Remnants of Mallee Vegetation onEastern Kangaroo Island. Austral Ecology, 38(2): 139-151. - Sadeghi.S, T., Jankju, M., Mesdaghi, M., 2014. Effects of Shrubs on Preserving Understory Plants against the Livestock Grazing. Range and Watershed Management, 67(1): 73-82. - Schöb, C., Michalet, R., Cavieres, L.A., Pugnaire, F.I., Brooker, R.W., Butterfield, B.J., Cook, B.J., Kikvidze, Z., Lortie, C.J., Xiao, S. and Al Hayek, P., 2014. A global analysis of bidirectional interactions in alpine plant communities shows facilitators experiencing strong reciprocal fitness costs. New Phytologist, 202(1), pp.95-105. - Shokri, M., Safaian, N., Atrakchali, A., 2002. Investigation of the Effects of Fire on Vegetation Variations in Takhti Yeylagh-Golestan National Prak. Natural Resources. 55(2). - Tielbörger, K., Kadmon, R., 2000. Temporal environmental variation tips the balance between facilitation and interference in desert plants. Ecology, 81(6): 1544-1553. - Zaki, E., Abedi., M., Erfanzadeh., Naghinejad., A. R. 2106. Response of different plant functional groups to Aerosol and aqueous smokes treatments. Plant researches, 10(4), 474-482. - Zare. M, H., Memariani, F., 2002. Natural Revegetation Pattern in Fire - Damaged Parts of Golestan Forest in I.R. Iran. Pajouhesh-va-Sazandegi, 15(1): 34-39. - Zonneveld, M. J., Gutiérrez, J. R., Holmgren, M. 2012.Shrub facilitation increases plant diversity along an arid scrubland–temperate rain forest boundary in South America. , Vegetation Science, 23(3): 541-551.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 487 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 404 |
||