| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,873 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,555 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 42,418,931 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 19,194,568 |
ارزیابی کارآیی جدایه‌های تریکودرما در مهارزیستی بیماری پوسیدگی ذغالی سویا در شرایط آزمایشگاه و گلخانه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 5، شماره 1، شهریور 1396، صفحه 71-80 اصل مقاله (199.96 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2017.116072 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رضاپور مهدی علمدارلو* 1؛ آیدین حسن زاده2؛ علی زمان میرآبادی2؛ کامبیر فروزان3 | ||
| 1شرکت توسعه کشت دانه های روغنی | ||
| 2- مرکز تحقیقات کاربردی و تولید بذر، شرکت توسعۀ کشت دانه‌های روغنی، ساری | ||
| 3- شرکت توسعۀ کشت دانه‌های روغنی، دفتر مرکزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سویا مهم‌ترین دانۀ روغنی در دنیا به‌حساب می‌آید. یکی از بیماری‌های شایع سویا پوسیدگی ذغالی با عامل Macrophomina phaseolinaمی‌باشد. مبارزۀ شیمیایی روی بیماری مؤثر نبوده و مدیریت تلفیقی آن با روش‌های مختلف اهمیت زیادی دارد. در این پژوهش بهمنظور دستیابی به‌جدایه‌های آنتاگونیست مناسب برای مهارزیستی بیماری، اثر 126 جدایه تریکودرما (Trichoderma spp.) روی قارچ بیمارگر M. phaseolina، با روش‌های کشت متقابل و تأثیر ترکیبات فرّار در آزمایشگاه بررسی و 12 جدایۀ برتر برای بررسیهای گلخانه‌ای انتخاب شد. شناسایی جدایه‌ها براساس خصوصیات ریخت‌شناسی و با کلیدهای معتبر انجام شد که سه جدایه Trichoderma reesei، هفت جدایهT. harzianum و دو جدایهT. atrovirideتشخیص داده شد. اثر 12 جدایۀ فوق به‌همراه دو تیمار شاهد (مثبت و منفی) روی بیماری پوسیدگی ذغالی سویا در گلخانه بررسی شد. پس از سترون نمودن خاک گلدان‌ها، بیمارگر به آن اضافه شده و جدایه‌های تریکودرما هنگام کاشت سویا، مایه‌زنی شد. برای ایجاد شرایط مناسب برای آلودگی، در اوایل گل‌دهی تنش خشکی در گلدان‌ها اعمال شد. در پایان دورۀ آلودگی، میزان کاهش وقوع بیماری روی سویا و کاهش جمعیت میکرواسکلروت‌های بیمارگر در خاک تعیین شد که از هر دو لحاظ بین تیمارها اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود داشت (01/0P<). بیشترین میزان کاهش وقوع بیماری و کاهش تعداد میکرواسکلروت در شاهد منفی (بدون ماکروفومینا و تریکودرما) مشاهده شد. جدایه‌های ARCTr144 (T. reesei)، ARCTr102 (T. harzianum)، ARCTr184 (T. reesei) و ARCTr105 (T. atroviride) با داشتن بیشترین میزان کاهش وقوع بیماری (75-62 درصد) و کاهش تعداد میکرواسکلروت (85-73 درصد) پس از شاهد منفی، بهعنوان تیمارهای برتر معرفی شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مهار زیستی؛ پوسیدگی ذغالی سویا؛ جدایه تریکودرما؛ میکرواسکلروت؛ آلودگی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of the efficacy of Trichoderma isolates in the biological control of soybean charcoal rot disease in the laboratory and greenhouse conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Rezapoor Mehdi Alamdarlou1؛ Idin Hasanzadeh2؛ Ali Zaman Mirabadi2؛ Kambiz Foroozan3 | ||
| 1oil seeds research and development com. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Soybean is considered as the most important oilseed crop in the world. One of the common diseases of soybean is charcoal rot which is caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Chemical control of this disease is not effective and its integrated management using different methods is important. In this research study, in order to obtain suitable antagonist isolates for the disease biological control, effect of 126 Trichoderma isolates on the causal pathogen, M. phaseolina was studied using dual culture and the effect of volatile compounds tests in the laboratory and 12 most effective isolates were selected for the greenhouse studies. Identification of the isolates was done based on the morphological characteristics using valid keys showed that three isolates recognized as Trichoderma reesei, seven as T. harzianum and two as T. atroviride. Effects of the above-mentioned isolates with two control treatments (positive and negative) were investigated on soybean charcoal rot in the greenhouse. After soil pasteurization in the pots, pathogen was added and Trichoderma isolates were used at soybean planting time. In order to create suitable conditions for the pathogen infection, drought stress applied in the pots at early flowering. At the end of infection period, decreasing the disease incidence on soybean and decreasing the population of pathogen microsclerotia in the soil were observed and there were significant differences among different treatments (P<0.01) regarding both factors. The highest decrease of disease incidence and microsclerotia population were observed in the negative control (without Macrophomina and Trichoderma). Isolates ARCTr144 (T. reesei), ARCTr102 (T. harzianum), ARCTr184 (T. reesei) and ARCTr105 (T. atroviride) showing the highest decrease of disease incidence (62-75 percent) and microsclerotia population (73-85 percent) after the negative control were the best and most effective isolates. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| biological control, soybean charcoal rot, Trichoderma isolate microsclerotium, infection | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abassi, S., Safaie, N., Shamsbakhsh, M. & Shahbazi, S. 2014. Evaluation of antagonistic properties of Trichoderma harzianum mutants against some plant pathogenic fungi in vitro. Journal of plant protection, 37(4): 91-102. (In Persian with English summary). Almomani, F., Alhawatema, M. & Hameed, K. 2013. Detection, identification and morphological characteristic of Macrophomina phaseolina: The charcoal rot disease pathogen isolated from infected plants in Northern Jordan. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection,46(9): 1005-1014. Bahramsari, N., Zamani, M.R. & Motallebi, M. 2005. β- 1, 3-glucanase production in Trichoderma isolates. Iranian Journal of Biology, 18(3): 261-271. (In Persian with English summary). Benitez, T., Rincon, A.M., Limon, M.C. & Codon, A.C. 2004. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. International Microbiology, 7: 249-260. Dennis, C. & Webster, J. 1971a. Antagonistic properties of species group of Trichoderma. III: Hyphal interaction. Transactions of British Mycological Society, 57: 363-369. Dennis, C. & Webster, J. 1971b. Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma. II: Production of volatile antibiotics. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 57: 41-48. Doley, K. & Jite, P.K. 2012. In-Vitro Efficacy of Trichoderma viride against Sclerotium rolfsii and Macrophomina phaseolina. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 4(4): 39-44. Elad, Y. & Chet, I. 1983. Improved selective media for isolation of Trichoderma spp. or Fusarium spp. Phytoparasitica, 11: 55-58. Elad, Y., Zvieli, y. & Chet, I. 1986. Biological control of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid by Trichoderma harzianum. Crop Protection, 5(4): 288-292. Gajera, H.P., Bambharolia, R.P., Patel, S.V., Khatrani, T.J. & Goalkiya, B.A. 2012. Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. against Macrophomina phaseolina: Evaluation of coiling and cell wall degrading enzymatic activities. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, 3: 149. Gams, W. & Bissett, J. 1998. Morphology and identification of Trichoderma. pp. 3-34, In: Kubicek, C.P. & Harman, G.E. (eds.), Trichoderma and Gliocladium. Vol. 1. Basic Biology, Taxonomy and Genetics. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London. Gupta, G.K., Sharma, S.K. & Ramteke, R. 2012. Biology, epidemiology and management of the pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid with special reference to charcoal rot of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Journal of Phytopathology, 160(4): 167-180. Harighi, M.J., Zamani, M.R. & Motallebi, M. 2007. Evaluation of antifungal activity of purified chitinase 42 from Trichoderma atroviride PTCC5220. Biotechnology, 6(1): 28-33. Howell, C.R. 2003. Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: the history and evolution of current concepts. Plant Disease, 87: 4-10. Khaledi, N. & Taheri, P. 2016. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum against soybean charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 56(1): 21-31. Khodaei, A., Arzanlou, M. & Babai Ahari, A. 2012. Inhibitory effects of three Trichoderma species against three species of Fusarium in laboratory conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable production, 22(4.1): 105-115. (In Persian with English summary). Kia, S. & Rahnama, K. 2016. Study on the efficiency of Trichoderma isolates in controlling charcoal rot disease of soybean caused by Macrophomina phaseolina under greenhouse conditions. Biocontrol in Plant Protection, 4(1): 1-10. (In Persian with English summary). Kumar, P., Gaur, V.K., & Rani, R. 2015. Evaluation of antagonists against Macrophomina phaseolina causing root rot of groundnut. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 9(3): 155-160. McCain, A.H., & Smith, R.S. 1972. Quantitative assay of Macrophomina phaseoli from soil. Phytopathology, 62: 1098. Mengistu, A., Smith. J.R., Ray, J.D., & Bellaloui, N. 2011. Seasonal progress of charcoal rot and its impact on soybean productivity. Plant Disease, 95: 1159-1166. Mihail, J.D. 1989. Macrophomina phaseolina: Spatio-temporal dynamics of inoculum and of disease in a highly susceptible crop. Phytopathology, 79: 848-855. Parakhia, A.M., & Vaishnav, M.U. 1986. Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia bataticolana. Indian Phytopathology, 39: 439-440. Rashmi, S., Maurya, S. & Upadhyay, R.S. 2012. Antifungal potential of Trichoderma species against Macrophomina phaseolina. Journal of Agricultural Technology, 8(6): 1925-1933. Rayatpanah, S. & Alavi, S.V. 2006. Study on soybean charcoal rot disease in Mazandaran. Journal of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, 13: 107-114. (In Persian with English summary). Seyed Asli, N., Zamani, M.R., Motallebi, M. & Harighi, M.J. 2004. Study of chitinolytic enzyme production in Trichoderma isolates. Iranian Journal of Biology, 17(3): 227-246. (In Persian with English summary). Shahid, S. & Khan, M.R. 2016. Biological control of root-rot on Mungbean plants incited by Macrophomina phaseolina through microbial antagonists. Plant Pathology Journal, 15: 27-39. Smith, G.S. & Carvil, O.N. 1997. Field screening of commercial and experimental soybean cultivars for their reaction to Macrophomina phaseolina. Plant Disease, 81: 363-368. Smith, G.S. & Wyllie, T. 1999. Charcoal rot. pp. 29-31. In: Hartman, G.L., Sinclair, J.B. & Rupe, J.C. (eds.), Compendium of Soybean Diseases. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. Taliei, T., Safaei, N. & Aghajani, M.A. 2012. Survival of Macrophomina phaseolina and associated mycobiota on soybean residuals and the effect of Trichoderma harzianum on their population dynamics. Journal of Applied Researches in Plant Protection, 1: 1-13. (In Persian with English summary). Vasebi, Y., Alizadeh, A. & Safaie, N. 2012. Biological control of soybean charcoal rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina using Trichoderma harzianum. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 22(1): 41-54. (In Persian with English summary). Wrather, J.A. & Kendig, S.R. 1998. Tillage effects on Macrophomina phaseolina population density and soybean yield. Plant Disease, 82: 247-250.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 547 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 482 |
||