| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,110 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,666 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 49,824,803 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 80,170,625 |
اثر بستر بذر کاذب و تراکم کاشت ارقام مختلف گندم زمستانه بر کنترل چاودار (Secale cereale L. ) و عملکرد گندم زمستانه (Triticum aestivum L.) | ||
| دانش علفهای هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 13، شماره 1، شهریور 1396، صفحه 57-70 اصل مقاله (643.01 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijws.2017.1301.05 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| دلاور بهروزی* 1؛ مهدی راستگو2؛ lمحمد علی باغستانی3؛ قربانعلی اسدی2 | ||
| 1مرکز تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی چهارمحال و بختیاری، شهرکرد، بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی | ||
| 2عضو هیات علمی دانشکده کشاورزی مشهد | ||
| 3موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور ارزیابی اثرات بستر بذر کاذب بر کنترل علفهرز چاودار آزمایشی طی سال زراعی 93-1392 در قالب طرح اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در سه تکرار در شهرکرد اجرا شد.کرت اصلی در سه سطح 1- کشت مرسوم گندم (خشکه کاری)، 2- آبیاری بعد از آماده کردن زمین و کنترل چاودار و سایر علفهایهرز یک ماه پس از آبیاری با علفکش عمومی پاراکوات (مقدار 2 لیتر در هکتار از ماده تجارتی) و سپس کاشت گندم و 3- آبیاری بعد از آماده کردن زمین و سپس یک ماه بعد از آن خراشدهی (عملیات هرس) سطح خاک و سپس کاشت گندم، و کرت فرعی در نه سطح شامل فاکتوریل رقم در سه سطح (الوند، پیشگام و بک کراس روشن زمستانه) و تراکم کاشت در سه سطح (200، 250 و 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار) اجرا شد، نتایج نشان داد تیمار بستر کاذب و کاربرد علفکش باعث کاهش تراکم و زیست توده چاودار به ترتیب به میزان 7/67 و 9/74 درصد شد، رقم پیشگام باعث کاهش تراکم و زیست توده چاودار به ترتیب به میزان 9/36 و 7/18 درصد گردید و تراکم 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار تراکم و زیست توده چاودار را به ترتیب 3/24 و 4/22 درصد کاهش داد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک مربوط به روش تهیه بستر کاذب و کار برد علفکش پاراکوات به ترتیب 4206 و 3/8872 کیلو گرم در هکتار بود. بهترین روش تهیه بستر بذر، بستر بذر کاذب با کنترل شیمیایی علفهایهرز با علفکش پاراکوآت، بهترین رقم پیشگام و بهترین تراکم کاشت، 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار قابل توصیه است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| زیست توده؛ علفهرز؛ کنترل مکانیکی؛ کنترل شیمیایی؛ مدیریت تلفیقی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of false seedbed and sowing density of different winter wheat cultivars on rye (Secale cereale L.) control and yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Delavar Behrouzi1؛ Mehdi Rastgoo2؛ mohammad ali baghestani3؛ ghorbanali asadi2 | ||
| 1Plant Protection Research Department, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources ResearchCenter, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To evaluate the effect of false seedbed preparation on rye (Secale cereale L.) control, an experiment was conducted during 2013 in Shahrekord. Experimental factors were arranged in split plot factorial design with three replications. The main plots included seed bed preparation at three levels: 1. conventional dry cultivation of wheat, 2. seedbed preparation, irrigation, weed control (including rye) with paraquqt (20% SL) at 2 L ha-1 after one month, wheat cultivation, 3. seedbed preparation, irrigation, mechanical weed control (using harrow), wheat cultivation. Subplots 1. included cultivars at three levels (Alvand, Pishgam and Back Cross Roshan) and 2. planting densities at three levels (200, 250 and 300 kg ha-1). According to the mean comparison, density and biomass of rye in the treatment of irrigation + application of herbicide decreased relative to dry cultivation by 67.7 and 74.9 percent, respectively, Pishgam cultivar decreased rye density and biomass by 36.9 and 18.7 percent, respectively. The seeding rate of 200 kg ha-1 of wheat reduced density and biomass of rye by 24.3% and 22.4%, respectively. The highest grain and biological yield of wheat was observed in irrigation and application of paraquat with 4206 and 8872.3 kg ha-1, respectively. Based on the results of this research, for weed control, especially rye, yield and yield components of winter wheat, the best method of seedbed preparation, is false seedbed preparation using chemical control of weeds. The best wheat cultivar, was Pishgam and best wheat seeding rate, was 200 kg ha-1. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| biomass, weed, mechanical control, Chemical control, integrated management | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Aggarwal, P.K., Ladha, J.K., Singh, R.K., Devakumar, C. and Hardy, B. 2007. Science, technology, and trade for peace and prosperity. Proc. 26th International Rice Research Conference, 9- 12 October 2006, New Delhi, India. Al Mamun, M.A. 2014. Modelling rice- weed competition in direct- seeded rice cultivation. Agric Res. 3(4): 346-352. Ala, A., AghaAlikhani, M., Amiri Larijani, B. and Soufizadeh, S. 2014. Comparison between direct- seeding and transplanting of rice in Mazandaran province: Weed competition, yield and yield components. Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 12(3): 463-475. Anwar, M.P., Juraimi, A.S., Samedani, B., Puteh, A. and Man, M. 2012. Critical period of weed control in aerobic rice. The Sci. World J. 1-10. Awan, T.H., Sta Cruz, P.C. and Chauhan, B.S. 2015. Agronomic indices, yield- contributing traits, and yield of dry- seeded rice under varying herbicides. Field Crops Res. 177: 15- 25. Baghestani, M.A., Zand, E. and Soufizadeh, S. 2006. Iranian winter wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) interference with weeds: I. Grain yield and competitive index. Pak J. Weed Sci.Res. 12:119-129. Balasubramanian, V. and Hill, J.E. 2002. Direct seeding of rice in Asia: Emerging issues and strategic research needs for the 21st century. In: Pandey, S., Mortimer, M., Wade, L., Tuong, T.P., Lopez, K., Hardy, B. (Eds), Direct Seeding: Research Strategies and Opportunities. Inter. Rice. Res. Inst., Los Baños, Philippines, pp. 15- 42. Bhushan, L., Ladha, J.K., Gupta, R.K., Singh, S., Tirol- Padre, A., Saharawa, Y.S., Gathala, M. and Pathak, H. 2007. Saving of water and labor in a rice-wheat system with no tillage and direct seeding technologies. Agron. J. 99: 1288- 1296. Caton, B.P., Cope, E.A. and Mortimer, M. 2003. Growth traits of diverse rice cultivars under severe competition: Implication for screening for competitiveness. Field Crops Res. 83: 157- 172. Chauhan, B.S. and Johnson, D.E. 2010. The role of seed ecology in improving weed management strategies in the tropics. Adv Agron. 105: 221- 262. Chauhan, B.S., Awan, T.H., Abugho, S.B., Evengelista, G. and Yadav, S. 2015. Effect of crop establishment methods and weed control treatments on weed management,and rice yield. Field Crops Res. 172: 72-84. Ekeleme, E., Kamara, A.Y., Oikeh., Chikoye, D. and Omioigui, S.O. 2007. Effect of weed competition on upland rice production in north- eastern Nigeria. Afr. Crop. Sci. Conf. Proceed. 8:61-65. Farooq, M., Siddique, K.H.M., Rehman, H., Aziz, T., Lee, D.J. and Wahid, A. 2011. Rice direct seeding: Experiences, challenges and opportunities. Soil Till Res. 111: 87- 98. Fernando, B.P., Laca, E.A., Mackill, D.J., Fernandez, G.M. and Fischer, A.J. 2006. Relating rice traits to weed competitiveness and yield: a path analysis. Weed Sci. 54:1122-1131. Fischer, A.J., Ramirez, H.V., Gibson, K.D. and Da Silveira, P.D. 2001. Competitiveness of semi dwarf upland rice cultivars against palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha) and signalgrass (B. decumbens) . Agron J. 93: 967- 973. Gibson, K.D., Fischer, A.J., Foin, T.C. and Hill, J.E. 2003. Crop traits related to weed suppression in water- seeded rice (Oryza sativa). Weed Sci. 51: 87- 93. Hill, J.E., Bayaer, D.E., Bocchi, S. and Clampett, W.S. 1990. Direct seeded rice in the temperate climates of Australia, Italy, and the United States. Selected papers from the International Rice Research Conference, Seoul, Korea.27-31 August 1990. pp: 91- 102. ISTA (International Seed Testing Association). 2009. International rules for seed testing. International Seed Testing Association, Basserdorf, Switzerland. Jennings, P.R. and Jesus Jr, J.D. 1968. Studies on competition in rice. I. Competition in mixtures of varieties. Evolution. 22; 119- 124. Kawano, K., Gonzalez, H. and Lucena, M. 1974. Intraspecific competition, competition with weeds, and spacing response in rice. Crop Sci. 14: 841- 845. Kim, J.K., Lee, M.H. and Kim, Y.S. 2000. Labor saving cultivation technologies of rice in Korea direct seeding and machine transplanting- national crop experimental station, Rural developmentAdministration (RDA), Republic of Korea. Lemerle, D., Verbeek, B. and Orchard, B. 2001. Ranking the ability of wheat varieties to compete with Lolium rigidum. Weed Res. 41(3):197-209. Mahajan, G., Ramesha, M.S. and Chauhan, B.S. 2014. Response of rice genotypes to weed competition in dry direct- seeded rice in India. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. The Sci. World J. 8 Pp. Mazid, M.A., Jabber, M.A., Mortimer, M., Wade, L.J., Riches, C.R. and Orr, A.W. 2003. Improving rice- based cropping systems in north- west Bangladesh diversification and weed management. In: The BCPC International Congress. Crop Prod. & Prot., 1029- 1034. Namuco, O. S., Cairns, J.E. and Johnson, D.E. 2009. Investigating early vigour in upland rice (Oryza sativa L.): Part I. Seedling growth and grain yield in competition with weeds. Field Crops Res. 113: 197- 206. Naylor, R. 1996. Herbicides in Asian rice: Transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. Pp:270. Ni, H., Moody, K., Robles, R.P., Paller Jr, E.C. and Lales, J.S. 2000. Oryza sativa plant traits conferring competitive ability against weeds. Weed Sci. 48: 200-204. Rao, A.N., Johnson, D.E., Sivaprasad, B., Ladha, J.K. and Mortimer, A.M. 2007. Weed management in direct-seeded rice. Adv Agron. 93: 153-255 Saito, K., Azoma, K. and Rodenburg, J. 2010. Plant characteristics associated with weed competitiveness of rice under upland and lowland conditions in West Africa. Field Crops Res. 116: 308- 317. Shakoor, A., Islam, S. and Naeem, M. 2000. Efficiency of different herbicides for control of weeds in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) under rainfed conditions. Pak J Biol Sci. 3:463- 465. Sunyob, N.B., Juraimi, A.S.,. Hakim, M.A., Man, A., Selamat, A. and Amirul Alam, M.D. 2015. Competitive ability of some selected rice varieties against weed under aerobic condition. Int J Agric boil. 17:61-70. Zhao, D.L., Atlin, G.N., Bastiaans, L. and. Spiertz, J.H.J. 2006. Cultivar weed- competitiveness in aerobic rice: Heritability correlated traits, and the potential for indirect selection in weed- free environments. Crop Sci. 46: 372- 380. Zhao, D.L., Bastiaans, L., Atlin, G.N. and Spiertz, J,H,J. 2007. Interaction of genotype × management on vegetative growth and weed suppressive of aerobic rice. Field Crops Res. 100:327-340. Zimdahl, R.L. 2004. Weed- Crop Competition: A Review, 2nd ed. Blackwell Publishing. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 766 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 888 |
||